2020届高考英语完形填空专项复习1

　　XX届英语科5年高考3年模拟[浙江专版]
　　专题15 完形填空
　　【备考策略】
　　一、 完形填空的题型特点
　　近几年来的完形填空题，有以下几个特点：
　　1. 短文难度基本稳定，与高中英语教材课文难易基本相当。
　　2. 短文选材一般为故事性文章，极少采用其他题材的文章。但往往不按时间顺序平铺直叙，有插叙或倒叙，有时还夹有描述和议论。
　　3. 短文的第一句不设空格，提供给考生一个思路，以便考生做题。
　　4. 考查内容主要是逻辑上的通顺，极少是考语法，所以每题四个选项大多属同一语法范畴。
　　5. 短文长度基本稳定，一般在250~300个单词左右。
　　二、完形填空选项设置的几个特点
　　1. 同义、近义词辨析型。多倾向考查动词、名词、形容词。(平时要多把这几类词性的词归纳记忆)
　　2. 固定搭配型。多倾向考查动词和介词或副词、名词和介词、形容词和介词，典型句子结构的搭配。
　　3. 常用语法。 时态和语态、从句连词。
　　4. 根据上下文的逻辑关系确定选项型
　　三、 完形填空的解题步骤
　　时间分配：
　　1)通读全文，领会大意(2-3分钟);
　　2)逐句阅读，选出答案 (6-7分钟);
　　3)猜测难点、整体复查(2-3分钟)。
　　1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。先跳过空格，通读试题所给的要完形填空的短文，获得整体印象，做到弄清文脉、抓住主旨，较好地把握短文大意。要在阅读理解短文意思的基础上才开始判定选择，切忌仓促下笔。
　　2. 结合选项、综合考虑、初定答案。在理解全文意思的基础上，再结合所给备选项细读全文，联系上、下文内容，注意从上、下文的语法结构和词语搭配及从选择项中寻找解题的提示，以词、句的意义为先，再从分析句子结构入手，根据短文意思、语法规则、词语固定搭配等进行综合考虑，对备选项逐一进行分析、比较和筛选，排除干扰项、初步选定答案。
　　3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。动笔时要瞻前顾后、通篇考虑、先易后难。对比较明显直接的、自己最有把握的答案先做，一下子不能确定答案的，先跳过这一空格，继续往下做，最后回过头来再集中精力解决难点。这时可结合已确定答案的选项再读一遍短文，随着对短文理解的深入，可以降低试题的难度，提高选择的正确率。
　　4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。完成各道题选择后，把所选的答案代入原文，再把全文通读一篇，逐空认真复查。看所选定的答案是否使短文意思前后连贯、顺理成章，语法结构是否正确，是否符合习惯表达法。如发现错误答案或有疑问的，应再次推敲、反复斟酌、做出修正。
　　四、做完形填空选择题时应注意如下几点：
　　1. 完形填空的短文通常没有标题，且文章的首句和尾句一般不设空，要特别注重对首、尾句的理解，因为它们往往提示或点明文章的主题，对理解全文有较大帮助。
　　2. 第一遍通读带有空缺单词的短文时可能一时把握不住短文内容，弄不清头绪，这是很正常的。此时要注意克服畏难情绪和急躁心理，应稳定情绪，再将短文读一、二遍，直到明确大意为止。
　　3. 做题时切勿一看到一个空格就急着选出一个答案，这样往往只见树木不见森林。由于缺乏全局观念，极易导致连续选错。因为完形填空不同于单个句子的选词填空，其空白处是位于一篇文章之中，因此必须纵观全文、通篇考虑。
　　4. 每篇完形填空所设的空多以实词为主，所提供的四个备选项中只有一个是正确的，其它三项均为干扰项。而干扰项也多半与前、后的句子或词组可以形成某种搭配，即如单从语法角度判断则无法确定，还必须从语篇意义上加以鉴别。
　　5. 动笔时先易后难，先完成容易、有把握的答案，这样可以增强自信心，然后再集中精力解决难点。对于实在无法确定的，可以从文中同样结构或类似结构中寻找提示，大胆地作出猜测。 在不能确定答案的情况下，要凭语感和第一感觉。一经确定的答案不要轻易改动。
　　6. 结合生活常识和中西方文化及上下文选出最佳答案。
　　五、突破完形的注意事项
　　1. 近可能多地积累和接触不同的新词汇，并有意识地记忆常考高频词。
　　2. 提高阅读速度，训练快速阅读。最好以同桌或小组的形式训练。
　　3. 训练题型不要过于单一，除了常规训练外，可以尝试选词填空、无词猜词和篇章翻译等题型的训练。
　　4. 选择性做题，可以分类选择。记叙文、议论文、说明文等有代表性的做几篇，或选择做近几年的高考真题。
　　5. 要有规律地做题，题不在多而在精。每做一篇都要善于对比自己的思路和文章作者的思路，每做一篇都要总结自己失分的原因，并在下次做题时提醒自己不要再犯
　　考点解析
　　完形填空的文章多选自英文报刊、杂志或网站，选材多为贴近日常生活，具有一定故事情境和情感教育意义的短文。
　　体裁常为夹叙夹议，由叙及议，前面大部分常采用第一人称叙述某件生活小事，最后一部分上升为议论，从生活中的小事得到的心灵感悟以及对人生态度的启迪。
　　中西方文化、语言背景的不同造成了逻辑思维方面的差异，这就要求学生带着＂跨文化意识＂去理解文章的遣词造句、行文布局、上下文语境，并结合自己的亲身经历或想象与文中作者共鸣。
　　考点一、情境知识考查
　　【例1】the word ＂spaghetti＂ brought back the __36._memory__of an evening at uncle alien＂ s in belleville __37._when__all of us were seated around the table and aunt pat __38__ spaghetti for supper. 
　　38. a. cooked b. served
　　c. got d. made
　　【答案及解析】b　生活常识情境：当大伙围在餐桌边坐好时(all of us were seated around the table)，主人应该是端上准备好的佳肴供客人享用，而不是cooked 或者 made食物，所以排除a、d。
　　【例2】what laughing __42._arguments__ we had about the __43__ respectable method for moving spaghetti from plate to mouth.
　　43. a. nearly b. naturally
　　c. officially d. socially
　　【答案和解析】d　文化背景情境：此题考查了学生对餐桌礼仪文化的理解。在自己家里或没有外人在场的情况下可以用任意的吃相吃spaghetti，但是若想以一种respectable 方式把长长的意大利面从盘里搬到嘴里，那是社交场合下一种约定俗成的要求。故socially更符合题意。
　　教学建议：为帮助学生更好地理解这种餐桌文化，可观看影片titanic中，jack刚进入上流社会宴会， 和rose 的母亲在同一餐桌吃饭时，俩人不同的吃相以及举止的巨大反差。
　　【例3】he had a habit of telling __45._jokes__. one time he said, ＂doc, a deaf¬and¬dumb(聋哑)man __46._needed__ some nails. having entered a store, he put two fingers together on the counter and made __47__ movements with the other hand. the clerk brought him a hammer. he __48__his head and pointed to the two fingers he was hammering. the clerk __49._brought__him some nails. he picked out the right size and left.…＂
　　47. a. cutting b. hammering
　　c. waving d. circling
　　48. a. nodded b. raised
　　c. shook d. turned www.zxxk.com
　　【答案及解析】47. b　生活常识情境：一个聋哑人想买钉子，用一只手的两个指头做钉子，另一只手当然做敲锤动作了。
　　48. c　生活常识情境：当店员以为他想买锤子，而给他拿了锤子时，聋哑人当然要摇头了。
　　教学建议：这种情境，可鼓励学生以情景剧的形式把它表演出来，使学生对该语句的理解有个直观的感受。
　　【例4】after an absence of thirty years, i decided to visit my old school again…i wondered for a moment if i had come to the right 3._address.
　　…i was pleased to find that it was 4._break time and that the children were all in the playground. this would enable me to __5__ some members of staff.
　　5. a. remember b. know
　　c. meet d. recognize
　　【答案及解析】b　情感经历共鸣：文中作者阔别母校30年，重返母校时因岁月变迁之大而怀疑自己是否找对地址了。碰巧是课间休息时间，这使得他有机会去认识教职员工，故而选know。不选remember和recognize是因为30年的沧桑变故，他在母校几乎不大可能认出谁或记得谁，而meet一般是约好的碰面。
　　教学建议：这种情感经历可与贺知章的《回乡偶书》中＂少小离家老大回＂的作者相关联。
　　returning home
　　i left home young and not till old do i return，
　　speaking as then, but with hair grown thin and gray，
　　the children don＂t know me, whom i meet on the way，
　　＂where do you come from, reverend sir？＂ they smile and say.
　　综上所述，学生阅读过程中应该根据上下文，瞻前顾后地寻找相邻信息词句，共同组建文境，并激活大脑进行联想，使类似于上述情境在大脑空间中以各种方式视觉化(visualize)，情境化(situationize)，图像化(picturize )。
　　考点二、语言知识考查www.zxxk.com
　　语言知识的考查往往从词组搭配、词义辨析、语法结构及逻辑过渡词语等几个方面设题，旨在让学生日常学习中注重语言用法积累以便能在不同语境中正确地运用它们。
　　一、词组搭配
　　词组搭配在语言知识考查中所占的比重最大。历年高考完形填空选项中至少会出现两道词组题目。词组一般以以下几种形式出现：
　　1．以简单动词为中心 介词/副词构成的词组辨析
　　【例1】police reports are full of __35._accidents__ that occur when people fall into sleep and go __36__the road.(XX全国卷)
　　36. a. up b. off
　　c. along d. down
　　【答案和解析】b　根据上文，此空需要＂偏离道路＂这一含义，故用go off the road。
　　2. 以简单动词 介词为中心构成的词组辨析
　　【例2】…， so i decided to __47__on learning the game, do my best at each practice session, and not be too hard on myself for the things i didn＂t __48._know__ ＂just yet＂. (XX北京卷)
　　47. a. focus b. act
　　c. rely d. try
　　【答案和解析】a　虽然四个选项都可与on构成搭配，但根据下文do my best at each practice session可知作者下定决心学好篮球，把精力都集中在学习篮球上。 focus on 集中精力/注意力于……
　　3. 由介词 简单名词构成的名词词组www.zxxk.com
　　【例3】i watched as you faced the __25._changes__of completing your studies, starting companies with dad，while still being a __26._model__ and a mom of five kids. i was exhausted just watching you __27__.(XX天津卷)
　　27. a. in danger b. in action
　　c. in trouble d. in charge
　　【答案和解析】b　根据上文语境信息，此句意思应为：光看着你不停忙碌就让我很累。in action 在运转中；in danger 处于危险中。in trouble 处于麻烦中； in charge负责，掌管。
　　4. 由动词 名词构成的词组
　　【例4】 now maja was ready to keep her __48__. (XX湖北卷)
　　48. a. appointment b. promise
　　c. record d. habit
　　【答案和解析】b　根据上下文语境，可得知此句含义为：如今，maja该兑现诺言了。故选keep one＂s promise这个词组。
　　二、词义辨析
　　词义辨析主要体现于四个选项均为名词、形容词或副词等。它们在完形填空20道题中常各占一道或两道题。
　　1. 名词辨析
　　【例1】 there are times when people are so tired that they fall asleep almost anywhere. we can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the __21__ home from work in the evenings.
　　21. a. way b. track
　　c. path d. road
　　【答案和解析】a　根据上文可知，在下班回家的路上人们因工作劳累而在公交车、火车上睡着，故此处因为：on the way home from work。
　　2. 形容词辨析
　　【例2】 we were thrown into the water, and dad was struggling aimlessly. at that moment, i felt fiercely __52__ of him. i swam to dad __53._quickly__ and assisted him in climbing onto the hull(船壳) of the boat.
　　52. a. ashamed b. protective
　　c. tired www.zxxk.com d. afraid
　　【答案和解析】b　根据上下文中的＂struggling aimlessly＂， ＂assisted him＂可知我要保护他。
　　3. 副词辨析
　　【例3】 i led tony away __47__， saying that the drum was too expensive. (XX辽宁卷)
　　47. a. happily b . eagerly
　　c. cautiously d. quickly
　　【答案和解析】d　句意：我边快速地把tony带走，边说着礼物很贵这样的话。quickly可以反映作者的焦虑以及对即将发生的事情的一种铺垫。
　　三、语法结构
　　近几年的完形填空题逐渐淡化语法概念，所以语法题所占比重不多。但是非谓语动词的考查很常见，偶尔也会考查情态动词的用法，其他语法板块内容涉及很少。
　　1．非谓语动词结构
　　非谓语动词结构的考查还是立足于它们在句子中充当的句法功能，如需要填入一个非谓语动词结构作定语、状语、宾语补足语等句子成分，旨在考查学生的句子分析能力。
　　【例1】 we can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train… or he will fall asleep on the shoulder of the stranger __25__ next to him…the worst time to fall asleep is when __34__. (XX全国卷ⅱ)
　　25. a. lying b. waiting
　　c. talking d. sitting
　　34. a. thinking b. working
　　c. walking d. driving
　　【答案和解析】25. d　上文中的信息on the bus or train说明：可能会靠在坐在旁边的陌生人的肩膀上睡着。本题考查非谓语动词中现在分词作定语。
　　34. d　此处强调最糟的就是开车时打盹。d 为最佳选项。本题考查非谓语动词中连词 现在分词这一状语结构。
　　2．情态动词
　　情态动词的考查常结合完形填空篇章上下文背景信息。
　　【例2】 there are also styles to remind me of mum—a tiny chair which __37__be in her bedroom is set in one room. (XX四川卷)
　　37. a. ought to b. used to
　　c. might d. could
　　【答案和解析】b　根据句意：一把过去曾经在母亲卧室里摆放的小椅子被安放到了其中一个房间。used to 表过去常常……
　　四、逻辑过渡词语www.zxxk.com
　　上下文之间表转折、递进、因果等关系的过渡词语选择也一般会占一道题量。这就要求学生平时要关注句与句、段与段之间逻辑衔接。
　　【例1】__52__，the boy of our story was a pretty smart guy, even if he couldn＂t always get what he wanted. (XX江苏卷)
　　52. a. therefore b. however
　　c. moreover d. otherwise
　　【答案及解析】b　考查上下文的逻辑关系。从下文even if来判断，该句的逻辑应该是：即使……然而……
　　考点三、换位思考 挖空设题
　　在阅读英文文章过程中，考生应带着完形填空的意识去审视一篇文章的遣词造句，换位到试卷命题者角度，对一篇文章能从文化背景知识，生活常识，情感经历共鸣，上下文语境等情境方面设题，或者从词组搭配，词义辨析，语法结构或逻辑过渡词语等语言知识角度设题。
　　这种思维方式的不断演练能提高考生对完形填空上述设题角度的敏感性，从而提高解答完形题空的题感和更好理解篇章的语感。因此碰到符合完形填空题材和体裁特点的好文章，至少要按以下步骤阅读三遍。
　　步骤一：通读全文，领会大意；
　　步骤二：细读全文，挖词设空；
　　步骤三：回读全文，推敲词句。
　　【例1】i played a racquetball(短柄墙球) game against my cousin ed last week. it was one of the most surprising and __1._tiring__ games i＂ve ever had. when ed first phoned and suggested we play, i laughed quietly, figuring on an __2._easy__ victory. after all, ed＂s idea of exercise has always been nothing more effort¬making than lifting a fork to his mouth. as long as i can remember, ed＂s been the __3._least__ physically fit member in the family. and strangely proud of himself. his big stomach has always __4._ballooned_out__ between his t¬shirt and trousers.
　　although the family often joked about that, he＂d refused to buy a larger t¬shirt or to lose weight. so when ed arrived for our game not only with the bottom of his shirt __5._gathered__ inside his trousers but also with a stomach you could __6._hardly__notice. i was so surprised that i was speechless. my cousin must have made an effort to get himself into __7._shape__. as a result, at the point in our game when i＂d have predicted(预计) the score to be about 9 to 1 in my favor, it was instead
　　7 to 9 — and ed was __8._leading__. the sudden realization was painful. we continued to play like two mad men. when the score was 16 up, i was having serious doubts about staying alive until 21 years old. let alone scoring that many points. when the game finally ended, both of us were lying __9._flat__on our backs, too tired to move. __10._in_a_way__， i think we both won: i won the game, but cousin ed won my respect.
　　【设空解析】设空1：该词要依据后文信息方能做出判断，这次比赛很让人精疲力竭。可设置成以¬ing结尾的形容词辨析题。
　　设空2：该词和空1有关联。预计中轻而易举能获胜的比赛结果却出乎意料。
　　设空3：该词这种用法搭配比较灵活。这种修饰性词汇考查也是完形填空常设置的一种题型。
　　设空4：该词非常有生活情境关联意义。日常生活中那些身材肥胖的人的肚子经常像气球那样突出来，所以这个考题设置将会非常贴近生活。
　　设空5：该词也能再现一个非常形象的生活情境。把衣服下摆塞进裤子里面用gathered，很生动。
　　设空6：该词和前文信息形成很大的反差。这次见面，ed可能因减肥成功，他的肚子几乎都让人注意不到了，而不是像先前那样如气球般突出来而引人注目。这里可设置一道副词辨析题，完形填空中副词辨析的题目一般都会有一道。
　　设空7：该词也包含了一定的生活情境信息。减肥成功了，体型恢复。可设置一道名词辨析题，与shape相区别。
　　设空8：该词是一道体育常识题。从比分上看，ed竟然领先于我了，leading在体育比赛很常用。所以可设置成一道动词辨析题。
　　设空9：该词也是一道生活常识题。比赛结束，双方都精疲力竭而平躺在地上不想动弹。可设置成一道形容词辨析题。　　设空10：way的短语很多。所以此题可挖空设成一道考查way的不同短语的用法辨析题。www.zxxk.com
　　五年高考
　　a组 XX年全国高考题组
　　1.【XX浙江卷】
　　阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从第21—40 各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c 和d）
　　中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卷上将该项涂黑。
　　＂ just sign here, sir,＂ the deliveryman said as he handed oscar reyna a package.
　　the package consisted of a long , narrow box ___21____ wrapped in brown paper. __22___ the box , oscar saw an umbrella inside—— a very old one with a beautifully carved handle. ____23___he had not seen it in more than 20 years , he recognized it ____24____.
　　oscar was 16 when he first saw the ___25____ umbrella. he had gone to a concert with his grandparents. as they were leaving , he noticed an umbrella on an empty seat. impressed by its ____26____, oscar felt a strong desire to find its ___27____.
　　oscar ___28____ the manager to look in the record of advance ticket sales. just as he thought, a name matched the seat ____29___ oscar had found the umbrella . the name was mrs. katie o＂brien.
　　oscar talked his grandparents into going by mrs o＂brien＂s ___30____ on their way home. he rang the bell , the door opened, and an elderly woman appeared. ＂may i __31___ you ? ＂she asked.
　　＂i＂d like to return it if its yours,＂ oscar said , ____32____ the umbrella as if presenting a ___33___ that had long been wished for.
　　＂why , yes! it＂s mine, ＂replied mrs. brien with a ___34____ smile and shining eyes. ＂ it was given to by my father years ago. thank you so much for returning it. may i offer you a reward for your ____35____ ? ＂
　　＂ no, ma＂am , ＂ he said ＂ my grandmother says a good deed is its own reward.＂
　　＂ well, that ＂s ____36_____ my father used to say. what is your name , young man ?＂
　　years later, oscar was staring at the finely carved handle of the umbrella as he remember mrs. o＂ brien . it was in perfect condition, considering how__37__ it was. why had it arrived here today?
　　as if ___38____, a note fell from the paper. it read: mrs o＂brien wanted you to ___39___ this umbrella as a present for a kind, __40___gesture long ago.
　　21. a. strictly b. carefully c. roughly d. casually
　　22, a, opening b, seizing c, observing d, searching
　　23, a, after b, when c, since d, although
　　24, a, clearly b, fully c, immediately d, suddenly
　　25, a, average b, unusual c, plain d, typical
　　26, a, beauty b, shape c, origin d, history
　　27, a, designer b, seller c, user d, owner
　　28, a, convinced b, forced c, encouraged d, advised
　　29, a, until b, before c, which d, where
　　30, a, family b, theater c, house d, neighborhood
　　31, a, invite b, help c, bother d, know
　　32, a, putting up b, turning out c, picking up d, holding out
　　33, a, chance b, fact c, gift d, result
　　34, a, wide b, confident c, proud d, shy
　　35, a, patience b, kindness c, courage d, determination
　　36, a, obviously b, naturally c, exactly d, probably
　　37, a, old b, rare c, precious d, nice
　　38, a, in contrast b, in return c, in exchange d, in answer
　　39, a, possess b, accept c, carry d, value
　　40, a, attractive b, significant c, unselfish d, sympathetic www.zxxk.com
　　2.【XX全国新课标】
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项a、b、 c和d中, 选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　　body language is the quiet, secret and most powerful language of all! it speaks 36 than words. according to specialists, our bodies send out more 37 than we realize. in fact, non-verbal communication(非言语交际) takes up about 50% of what we really 38 , and body language is particularly 39 when we attempt to communicate across cultures（文化）. indeed, what is called body language is so 40 a part of us that it＂s actually often unnoticed. and misunderstandings occur as a result of it. 41 , different societies treat the 42 between people differently. northern europeans usually do not like having 43 contact(接触)
　　even with friends, certainly not with 44 . people from latin american countries， 45 , touch each other quite a lot. therefore, it＂s possible that in 46 ， it may look like a latino is 47 a norwegian all over the room. the latino, trying to express friendship, will keep moving 48 . the norwegian, very probably seeing this as pushiness, will keep 49 - which the latino will in return regard as 50 _.
　　clearly, a great deal is going on when people 51 . and only a part of it is in the words themselves. and when parties are from 52 cultures, there＂s a strong possibility of 53 . but whatever the situation, the best 54 is to obey the golden rule: treat others as you would like to be 55 _.
　　【文章大意】
　　本文是一篇说明文。作者认为身势语比言辞更有效，而身势语却常常被人们忽视。在进行跨文化交流过程中，身势语尤为重要。作者以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例进行了阐述。最后作者指出：不管什么情况，最好的建议是：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。（你想别人怎么对待你，你就怎样对待别人。）
　　36. a. straighter b. louder c. harder d. further
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】身势语比语言表达的意思更响亮，更清楚。此处louder意为：声音更大，即更有说服力。谚语action speaks louder than words.（事实胜于雄辩。）
　　【考点定位】考查副词的比较级及语境理解。
　　37. a. sounds b. invitations c. feelings d. messages
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】据专家称：我们的身体发出比我们意识到的更多的信息。此处sound声音；invitation邀请；feeling感觉；message信息。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析及语境理解。
　　38. a. hope b. receive c. discover d. mean
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】实际上，非语言交际占据了约50%我们真正想表达的意思。此处hope希望；receive 接收；discover发现；mean表达意思。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义辨析及语境理解。
　　39. a. immediate b. misleading c. important d. difficult
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】当我们进行跨文化交流时，身势语显得尤为重要。此处immediate立刻； misleading 误导的；important重要的；difficult困难的。
　　【考点定位】考查形容词词义辨析。
　　40. a. well b. far c. much d. long
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】身势语是被我们事实上常常忽视的很大的一部分。
　　【考点定位】考查形容词的用法。
　　41. a. for example b. thus c. however d. in short
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】文章以拉丁美洲人和挪威人为例，说明不同的社会群体对待距离的态度是不同的。
　　【考点定位】考查副词词义。
　　42. a. trade b. distance c. connections d. greetings
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】不同的社会群体对待人们之间接触的距离是不同的。此处trade交易； distance 距离； connection联系；greeting问候。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义及语境理解。
　　43. a. eye b. verbal  c. bodily d. telephone
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处eye 眼睛，眼神；verbal 言辞的； bodily身体的；telephone电话。
　　【考点定位】考查语境理解。
　　44. a. strangersb. relatives  c. neighboursd. enemies
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】北欧人通常不喜欢身体的接触，即使是朋友，当然更不用说陌生人。此处strangers陌生人；relatives亲戚；neighbours邻居；enemies敌人。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义。
　　45. a. in other words b. on the other hand c. in a similar way d. by all means
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】此处on the other hand意为：然而，在另一方面。然而，拉丁美洲国家的人们相互接触的就很多。
　　【考点定位】考查插入语的含义及语境理解。
　　46. a. trouble b. conversation c. silence d. experiment
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人满屋子转是可能的。此处trouble 麻烦；conversation对话； silence 沉默；experiment实验。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。
　　47. a. disturbing b. helping  c. guiding d. following
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】在对话过程中，拉丁人跟在挪威人满屋子转（following）是可能的。此处follow意为：跟着. . .走。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义及语境理解。
　　48. a. closer b. faster c. in d. away
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】拉丁人保持靠近些表示友谊。
　　【考点定位】考查语境理解。
　　49. a. stepping forward b. going on c. backing away d. coming out
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】挪威人将不断的后退。此处step forward前进； go on 继续；back away后退；come out出来。
　　【考点定位】考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。
　　50. a. weakness b. carelessness  c. friendliness  d. coldness
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】拉丁人反过来认为他们很冷淡。此处weakness虚弱； carelessness粗心；friendliness 友谊；coldness冷淡。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义。
　　51. a. talk b. travel  c. laugh  d. think
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】很显然，当人们谈话时，许多东西都在进行。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义辨析。
　　52. a. different b. european  c. latino  d. rich
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，误解的可能性就会很大。
　　【考点定位】考查形容词词义。
　　53. a. curiosity b. excitement  c. misunderstanding d. nervousness
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】当我们的伙伴来自于不同的文化背景时，误解的可能性就会很大。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义及语境理解。
　　54. a. chance  b. time  c. result  d. advice
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】不管什么样的情景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。
　　55. a. noticed b. treated c. respected  d. pleased
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】不管什么样的情景，最好的建议是遵守这样的黄金规则：对待别人像你希望被对待的那样。（你想别人怎样对待你，你就怎样对待别人。）
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义辨析。
　　3.【XX全国ii】
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项 (a、b、c和d) 中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　　around twenty years ago i was living in york. 21 i had a lot of experience and a master’s degree, i could not find 22 work.
　　i was 23 a school bus to make ends meet and 24 with a friend of mine, for i had lost my flat. i had 25 five interviews (面试) with a company and one day between bus runs they called to say i did not 26 the job. ＂why has my life become so 27 ?＂ i thought painfully.
　　as i pulled the bus over to 28 a little girl, she handed me an earring 29 i should keep it 30 somebody claimed (认领) it. the earring was painted black and said ＂be happy＂.
　　at first i got angry. then it 31 me – i had been giving all of my 32 to what was going wrong with my 33 rather than what was right! i decided then and there to make a 34 of fifty things i was happy with. later, i decided to 35 more things to the list. that night there was a phone call for 36 from a lady who was a director at a larger 37 . she asked me if i would 38 a one-day lecture on stress (压力) management to 200 medical workers. i said yes.
　　my 39 there went very well, and before long i got a well-paid job. to this day i know that it was because i changed my way of 40 that i completely changed my life.
　　【文章大意】
　　本文是一篇夹叙夹议文章。文章讲述了我20年前在纽约经历的一段艰难生活。起初，我虽然有经验和硕士学位，但还是找不到满意的工作。一个小女孩给我的一个耳环改变了我的生活。从此以后，我列了一个感到满意的50件事情清单，并决定不断添加。后来我终于找到了一份高薪的工作。我知道正是因为我改变了我的思维方式才改变了我的生活。
　　21. a. asb. thoughc. ifd. when
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】尽管我有许多经验和硕士学位，但还是不能找到满意的工作。
　　【考点定位】考查连词的含义及用法。
　　22. a. successfulb. extrac. satisfyingd. convenient
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处successful成功的； extra额外的；satisfying令人满意的；convenient方便的。尽管我有许多经验和硕士学位，但还是不能找到满意的工作。
　　【考点定位】考查形容词词义及语境理解。
　　23. a. drivingb. repairingc. takingd. designing
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】我开校车来维持生活并且和我的一个朋友住在一起，因为我没了套房。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义及语境理解。
　　24. a. workingb. travellingc. discussingd. living
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】我开校车来维持生活并且和我的一个朋友住在一起，因为我没了套房。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义及语境理解。
　　25. a. prepared forb. attendedc. asked ford. held
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处attend the interview意为：参加面试。我参加了一家公司的五次面试，但他们说，我不能获得这项工作。
　　【考点定位】考查动词及动词短语的含义。
　　26. a. loseb. likec. findd. get
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】此处get the job意为：得到工作。我参加了一家公司的五次面试，但他们说，我不能获得这项工作。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义辨析。
　　27. a. hardb. busyc. seriousd. short
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】此处hard艰难的；busy忙的；serious认真的，严重的；short短的。
　　为什么我的生活如此艰难呢？
　　【考点定位】考查形容词词义及语境理解。
　　28. a. wave atb. drop offc. call ond. look for
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】此处wave at向. . .挥手；drop off让某人下车；call on号召； look for寻找。当我把车开到路边让那个小女孩下车的时候，小女孩递给了我一个耳环。
　　【考点定位】考查动词短语的含义及语境理解。
　　29. a. orderingb. promisingc. sayingd. showing
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处saying作伴随状语，她在递给我耳环的同时说，我应该保存它以免有人认领。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义辨析。
　　30. a. in caseb. or elsec. as ifd. now that
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】此处in case以免，以防； or else否则；as if好像；now that既然。小女孩在递给我耳环的同时说，我应该保存它以免有人认领。
　　【考点定位】考查状语从句的连接词。
　　31. a. hurtb. hitc. caughtd. moved
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】此处hurt伤害；hit撞击，伤害；catch抓住； move感动。生活使我受到了打击。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义及语境理解。
　　32. a. feelingsb. attentionc. strengthd. interests
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处feelings感觉； attention注意力；strength力量，力气；interests兴趣。
　　我把一切注意力都集中在了生活的不顺上而没有关注好的方面。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义及语境理解。
　　33. a. opinionsb. educationc. experiencesd. life
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处opinions意见；education教育；experiences经历；life生活。我把一切注意力都集中在了生活的不顺上而没有关注好的方面。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。
　　34. a. listb. bookc. checkd. copy
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】此处list清单； book书； check支票；copy拷贝，本。我决定做一个我感到满意的50件事的清单。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。
　　35. a. connectb. turnc. keepd. add
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】此处connect联系；turn转向；变为；keep保持； add添加。后来我决定向清单中添加更多的事情。
　　【考点定位】考查动词词义及语境理解。
　　36. a. herb. a passengerc. med. my friend
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处a phone call for me意为：我的一个电话。那天晚上一位女士给我打了一个电话。
　　【考点定位】考查语境理解。
　　37. a. hospitalb. factoryc. restaurantd. hotel
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】根据后文：给200医疗工作者（200 medical workers）做报告，可知地点在医院。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义及逻辑推理。
　　38. a. listen tob. reviewc. gived. talk about
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处give a one-day lecture意为：做一天的报告。她问我是否可以做一天的报告。
　　【考点定位】考查动词及动词短语的含义。
　　39. a. planb. choicec. dayd. tour
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】此处plan计划；choice选择； day白天；tour旅行。我那天进展得很顺利，后来我得到了一份高薪的工作。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义辨析。
　　40. a. operationb. speakingc. employmentd. thinking
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】此处operation操作； speaking讲话；employment雇佣；thinking思想。对于这一天，我知道正是因为我改变了我的思维方式才改变了我的生活。
　　【考点定位】考查名词词义及语境理解。
　　4.【XX陕西卷】
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题的a、b、c、d四个选项中，选出适合填入对应空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。
　　one sunny afternoon, a seven-year-old girl went for a walk. she crossed a large area of grassland into the woods __26__ she realized that she was lost.
　　sitting on a rock and __27__ what to do, she began crying. after a while. she__28__ to walk along a wide path lined with tall trees and thick bushes. __29__ it was getting dark, she saw a small, dark wooden house. she opened the door and __30__ stepped in. suddenly, she heard a strange noise, and she ran out the door and back to the __31__. cold and tired, she fell asleep near a __32__.
　　the girl’s parents were out and her dog, laddy, was at home. laddy __33__ that his mistrees（女主人）was in danger. he jumped __34__ a window, breaking the glass. he looked in the fields. but he couldn’t find his mistress anywhere. however, from the ground came a __35__ scent (气味) as he lowered his head. he __36__ the scent and walked across the grassland. barking __37__ into the air, the dog __38__ through the woods until he found the __39__ . but the girl was not there, so he headed back to the woods. much to his __40__ , he saw his mistress’ blue shirt in the distance. he __41__ over some bushes and saw the little stream, where the girl was __42__.
　　when she opened her eyes and 43 her dog standing beside her, the girl said, ＂you 44 me, laddy,＂ and she kissed him several times. seeing their daughter and dog coming back, the parents burst into tears of 45 . that night laddy had a heror’s supper: a huge meal of steak
　　26. a. before  b. sincec. while  d. as
　　27. a. wondering b. forgettingc. rememberingd. regretting
　　28. a. preferred b. expected  c. failedd. decided
　　29. a. when b. until c. if d. because
　　30. a. carelessly  b. cautiously  c. hopelesslyd. unwillingly
　　31. a. treesb. bushesc. woods  d. grasses
　　32. a. streamb. rockc. treed. house
　　33. a. foundb. sensedc. heard  d. smelt
　　34. a. atb. through  c. ind. onto
　　35. a. terrible  b. strangec. pleasant d. familiar
　　36. a. missedb. discoveredc. followed  d. ignored
　　37. a. calmlyb. loudly  c. merrily  d. gently
　　38. a. searchedb. wandered  c. lookedd. travelled
　　39. a.windowb. girl  c. house d. hero
　　40. a. satisfactionb. disappointment c. embarrassment d. delight
　　41. a. jumped  b. climbed  c. walked  d. flew
　　42. a. awake  b. abandoned  c. available  d. asleep
　　43. a. spotted  b. watched  c. observed  d. saw
　　44. a. disturbed  b. comforted  c. rescued  d. scared
　　45. a. painb. shock c. sorrowd.relief
　　【要点综述】一个阳关明媚的下午，一位小姑娘来到树林里散步，走着走着她迷路了，途中她到过一个奇怪的小屋，但被所听到的声音吓得跑了出来，她继续向前走，直到最后，小姑娘又冷又饿，卧倒在一条小溪边。这时，小姑娘的家人在到处找她，但他们不知道她的踪迹，这时，他们家的小狗laddy闻着小姑娘的气味，几经周折，最终找到了她。
　　1．【答案与解析】a 考查时间状语从句。句意是：她穿过一大片草地，只是她意识到自己迷路了，即在她意识到自己迷路之前她已经走过了一大片草地。选a。
　　2．【答案与解析】a 考查动词。wonder想知道；forget忘记；remember记得；regret遗憾，后悔。根据宾语what to do可以推断出此处选a。
　　3．【答案与解析】d 考查动词。prefer更喜欢；expect期待，预料；fail没做到，失败；decide决定。由句意可知此处选d。
　　4．【答案与解析】a 考查状语从句。由句意可知所填词引导时间状语从句，引导词意思是：当……的时候，选a。
　　5．【答案与解析】b 考查副词。carelessly粗心地；cautiously小心地，谨慎地；hopelessly无望地；unwillingly不愿意地。句意是：她打开门，小心地走了进去。选b。
　　6．【答案与解析】c 考查名词。根据前文中woods可知此处选c。
　　7．【答案与解析】a 考查名词。根据后文中的the little stream可知此处选a。
　　8．【答案与解析】b 考查动词。句意是: laddy意识到女主人有危险。所填词意思是：意识到，感觉到，选b。
　　9．【答案与解析】b 考查介词。根据freaking the window可以推断出所填介词意思是：穿过，选b。
　　10．【答案与解析】d 考查形容词。句意是：然而，当它低头闻时，地面上散发出一种熟悉的气味。选d。
　　11．【答案与解析】c 考查动词。miss失去；discover发现；follow跟随；ignore忽略。句意是：它跟随这种气味，穿过了草地。选c。
　　12．【答案与解析】b 考查副词。calmly平静地；loudly大声地；merrily欢乐地；gently温柔地。句意是：向空中大声的吠叫，……。选b。
　　13．【答案与解析】a 考查动词。search寻找；wander徘徊；look看，瞧；travel旅行。由句意可知此处选a。
　　14．【答案与解析】c 考查名词。根据前文的提到的名词house可知此处选c。
　　15．【答案与解析】d 考查名词。stisfaction 满意，满足；disappointment失望；embarrrasement尴尬；delight愉快，高兴。所填词构成固定短语，根据后文可知其意思是：使他高兴的是，选d。
　　16．【答案与解析】a 考查动词。jump跳；climb爬；walk走，步行；fly飞。根据句意选a。
　　17．【答案与解析】d 考查形容词。根据第二自然段最后一句中的fall asleep可知此处选d。
　　18．【答案与解析】d 考查动词。spot 玷污； 认出，发现；watch观看；observe观察；see看见。由句意可知此处所填词意思是：看见，选d。
　　19．【答案与解析】c 考查动词。disturb打扰；comfort使舒适；rescue挽救；scare惊吓。句意是：laddy，是你救了我。选c。
　　20．【答案与解析】d 考查名词。pain 痛；shock震惊；sorrow难过，悲伤；relief解脱。句意是：看到他们的女儿得救另外，父母激动地留下了激动的泪水，他们如释重负了。选d。
　　5.【XX四川卷】
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。高666考%%资&&&源##网
　　lightning flashed through the darkness over sibson’s bedroom skylight（天窗）.sibson was shaken by a clap of thunder ____21___ he knew what was happening. the storm had moved directly _____22____ his two-story wooden house. then he heard the smoke alarm beeping.
　　sibson rushed down the stairs barefoot to 23 ; he opened the door to the basement（地下室）, and flames 24 out. sibson ran back upstairs to call 911 from his bedroom. ＂i felt 25 because the room had a separate outdoor stairway,＂ he explains.
　　but the phone didn’t work, and when he tried to go down the outdoor stairway, he was 26 by a wall of flames. sibson realized he was trapped（困住）.
　　sibson’s house was three kilometers 27 the main road and was so well hidden by trees that he knew calling for help would be 28 .
　　up a hill nearby lived sibson’s neighbor, huggons. he was lying in bed when something like a smoke alarm 29 his ears. he jumped out of bed, took his 30 and flashlight, and headed down the hillside toward the 31 . that was when he saw the rolling heavy smoke.
　　huggons dialed 911, and the operator warned him not to 32 the house. but huggons said, ＂there is no way i am going to listen to sibson 33 and die in that fire.＂
　　＂anyone there?＂ huggons called out. then he heard ＂help! i’m trapped!＂ coming from the second floor balcony（阳台）. he entered the house, but soon had to run back to catch his 34 . 高666考%%资&&&源##网
　　after one more 35 inside the house, huggons gave up and 36 around back.
　　the wind parted the smoke just 37 for him to catch sight of sibson. but there was no way to get to him. he 38 the flashlight into the woods and noticed a ladder. he took it over to the balcony and 39 sibson down just as the second floor of the house fell off.
　　sibson is still 40 when he tells the story. ＂ i was alone that night,＂ he says. ＂then i heard the most beautiful sound in my life. it was huggons.＂
　　21. a. before b. while c. since d. until
　　22. a. on b. in c. through d. over
　　23. a. hide b. wait c. check d. escape
　　24. a. moved b. gave c. went d. exploded
　　25. a. safe b. worried c. glad d. tired
　　26. a. burned b. stopped c. shocked d. covered
　　27. a. beside b. off c. across d. along
　　28. a. limited b. false c. fruitless d. regretful
　　29. a. struck b. missed c. touched d. passed
　　30. a. coat b. key c. basin d. phone
　　31. a. noise b. road c. smoke d. danger
　　32. a. search b. enter c. leave d. damage
　　33. a. call b. roll c. scream d. sigh
　　34. a. breath b. attention c. ladder d. flashlight
　　35. a. stay b. chance c. thought d. attempt
　　36. a. climbed b. circled c. looked d. jumped
　　37. a. clear b. open c. enough d. fit
　　38. a. led b. put c. drove d. shone
　　39. a. persuaded b. kicked c. pulled d. forced
　　40. a. nervous b. surprised c. proud d. thankful
　　【答案与解析】
　　【本文要点】本文为记叙文，叙述了在一场雷雨引发房屋火灾之后，sibson如何自救，以及他的邻居huggons如何帮他脱离险境的惊心动魄的故事。
　　21. a 此句句意为：在sibson还不知道发生什么事情的时候，便被一声雷鸣震醒。此处before表示＂还来不及…就…＂。
　　22. d ＂暴风雨直袭他的两层木屋＂，暴风雨应该是从房屋上方袭来，故用over。
　　23. c 根据后文＂他打开通向地下室的门＂可以判断sibson冲下楼梯的目的是＂查看一下＂到底发生了什么事情。
　　24. d 他打开地下室的门，火焰从里面喷发出来。此处explode out意为break out（突然爆发）。
　　25. a 根据此句中＂因为这个房间有一个通向屋外的独立的楼梯＂，因此他当时感觉应该是＂安全的＂。
　　26. b 当他正想通过那个楼梯出去的时候，却被一堵火墙给阻拦（stop），故用b。
　　27. b 根据前面＂three kilometres＂及后文＂so well hidden by trees＂可知他的房子应该是离开主干道有3公里。故用介词off。
　　28. c 由于离开主干道3公里且被树所遮蔽，因此呼救是没有结果的（fruitless），故选c。
　　29. a 突然他听到了像烟雾警报器之类的声音。strike one’s ears＂传进某人的耳朵；突然听到＂。
　　30. d 根据后文huggons拨打911可知，他是带上了他的电话。故选d。
　　31. a huggons应该是朝着他所听到的声音方向而去。故选a。
　　32. b 警察应该是警告huggons不要进入sibson的房子。故选enter。
　　33. c huggons说他不能听到sibson的拼命叫喊。应使用scream。
　　34. a huggons进入房子，但由于烟雾很大，他很快不得不跑回来＂喘口气＂。此处catch one’s breath意为＂喘口气＂，故答案选a。
　　35. d 在又一次打算进入房子的尝试之后，huggons最后还是放弃了，绕着圈子回来了。此处应使用attempt（尝试）。
　　36. b 由于烟雾很大，huggons应该是摸索着绕着从房子里面出来的，故选b。
　　37. c 当风将烟雾吹得足够的分散，以致他能够看到sibson。此处part表示将…分开，因此不能用open，因此答案选c。
　　38. d 他用电筒往丛林中照。此处shine the flashlight为固定说法，意为＂用电筒照＂。故选d。
　　39. c huggons将梯子搭在房子上，将sibson从二楼拽下来。此时二楼房子就要倒了，为了形容动作之快，故用pull。
　　40. d 根据后文sibson自己所说的话＂我当天晚上是一个人。然后我听到了我生命中最美丽的声音，是huggons。＂可知，他对huggons心存感激。故选d。
　　6.【XX重庆卷】
　　请阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，然后从36-55各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该选项的标号涂黑。
　　i became a gardener when i was twelve. my early__36___of gardening may not have originate from my love for nature. it was to _37__my parents.
　　at that time, we had a big yard in which a beautiful maple tree stood. but my mother often looked with __38___at this work of natural art. those golden leaves seemed like tons of rubbish her,＂something else to __39__!＂seeing the neighbors busy with gardening, my father ever thought it a waste of time.
　　at that age, i always did something__40___to whatever my parents did! if gardening were something they found__41__, i would plant a garden!
　　i planted some lily（百合花）seeds in the yard. but they failed to _42___.i continued to sunflower seeds and roses, wild __43__joy,i found the first rose bloom（开花）.one by one, the flowers bloomed their heads off.__44___, i was touched by this land of wonder.
　　___45__, my parents showed no interest in my garden. my father even__46___at me because found it was __47__to move around my garden to the driveway. to my mother’s __48__,i put her vase my real roses which, in her eyes, were simply weeds__49__flowers.
　　regardless of their __50__, i kept on planting my garden and _51__to enjoy the pleasure gardening. plants make such good companions: they breathe, they bloom, they___52__to care and love.
　　it has been many years since i made my first garden out of my desire to __53___my parent .today i become known as mrs. greenthumbs, teaching gardening and hosting a gardening show which makes my parents feel very__54_.and now i could say it is my affection for___55__they makes me a real gardener.
　　36. a. memory b. dream c. intention d. design
　　37. a. please b. change c. help d. annoy
　　38. a. doubt b. appreciation c. surprise d. excitement
　　39. a. collect up b. care about c. clean up d. come in
　　40. a. equal b. similar c. superior d. opposite
　　41. a. painful b. valuable c. upsetting d. interesting
　　42. a. come up b. break out c. hold on d. get through
　　43. a. to b. with c. in d. by
　　44. a. luckily b. cheerfully c. regularly d. eventually
　　45.a.insteadb. however c. therefore d besides
　　46.a.shoutedb. laughed c. glanced d. jumped
　　47.a.convenientb. troublesome c. enjoyable d. dangerous
　　48.a.sadnessb. displeasure c. delight d. relief
　　49.a.other thanb. more than c. rather than d. less than
　　50.a.dislikeb. encouragement c. threat d. suggestion
　　51.a.decidedb. stopped c. continued d. struggled
　　52.a.devoteb. turn c. respond d. lead
　　53.a.defeatb. satisfy c. respect d. challenge
　　54.a.proudb. comfortable c. strange d. disappointed
　　55.a.freedomb. life c. growth d. nature
　　【考点】记叙文
　　【文章大意】作者小时候出于反叛心理，在院子里种花，结果最终喜欢了园艺，后来作者在这方面做出了成绩，成为一名真正的园艺师，使当初持反对意见的父母为之倍感自豪。
　　36.【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】作者早期从事园艺的意图并非源于对大自然的热爱。c选项为意图、打算之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为c选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　37.【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【答案】 d
　　【解析】根据下文可知，作者从事园艺只是给父母添烦恼。d选项是惹恼、使生气、使烦恼之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为d选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　38.【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】根据下文可知，可知作者的母亲以怀疑地目光看着大自然的杰作。由此可知，a选项符合文意。因此，正确答案为a选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　39.【考点】动词短语辨析
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】作者的父亲认为清扫院内的树叶是浪费时间，难道没有别的东西需要清扫吗?在四个选项中，c表示＂清理，打扫＂，符合文意。因此，正确答案为c选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　40.【考点】形容词词义辨析
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】作者小时候有一种反叛的心理，总是按照父母相反的去做。a表示＂相等的，相当的，均等的＂；b表示＂相似的，类似的＂；c表示＂较高的，上级的＂；d表示＂相反的，对立的，对面的＂。由此可知，d选项符合文意。因此，正确答案为d选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　41.【考点】形容词词义辨析
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】由于作者有反叛心理，作者想到如果园艺是父母感到烦恼的事，就种植一个花园。在选项中，c选项表示令人烦恼之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为c选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　42.【考点】动词短语辨析
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】作者在院子里种了百合花种子，但是没有发芽。a表示＂发芽，走进，上楼＂；b表示＂爆发，发生＂；c表示＂不挂断，等—会＂；d表示＂接通，完成＂。因此，正确答案为a选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　43.【考点】介词用法
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】作者高兴地发现第一束玫瑰花开花了。with joy为常用短语，表示高兴地之意，符合语境。因此，正确答案为b选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　44.【考点】副词词义辨析
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】朵朵鲜花竞相绽放，最终，作者被眼前的景象所感动。由此可知，d选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为d选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　45.【考点】副词用法辨析
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】然而，作者的父母对作者的花园不感兴趣。空白处表示的是一种转折的语气，b选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为b选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　46.【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】作者的父亲甚至对作者大声叫嚷。由此可知，a选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为a选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　47.【考点】形容词词义辨析
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】作者的父亲觉得花挡住了车道，令他烦恼不已。b选项有令人烦恼之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为b选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　48.【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【答案】b
　　【解析】作者把自己的真玫瑰花放进母亲的花瓶里，使她感觉不愉快。to one’s displeasure为常用短语，而且意思符合语境。因此，正确答案为b选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　49.【考点】短语用法辨析
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】在作者母亲的眼里，那些只是杂草而不是鲜花。c选项是而不之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为c选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　50.【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】尽管作者的父母不喜欢作者的所作所为，但是作者一直坚持自己的做法。由此可知，a选项符合语境。因此，正确答案为a选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　51.【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】作者继续享受园艺的快乐。在四个选项中，c选项是继续之意，符合文意。因此，正确答案为c选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　52.【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【答案】c
　　【解析】植物成为作者的好伙伴，他们呼吸，他们开花。他们对作者的呵护和爱有回应。respond to为常用短语，是＂对……反应， 响应＂之意。因此，正确答案为c选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　53.【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】根据上文，由于具有反叛心理，作者种植花园是出于挑战父母。a表示＂战胜，击败＂；b表示＂使满意，使高兴，使满足＂；c表示＂尊敬，敬重，尊重＂；d表示＂向……挑战，怀疑，反对＂。由此可知，d选项与文意相符。因此，正确答案为d选项。
　　【难度】一般
　　54.【考点】形容词词义辨析
　　【答案】a
　　【解析】现在作者已经成为一名著名的园艺师，使其父母为之自豪。在四个选项中，a选项的词义符合文意。因此，正确答案为a选项。
　　【难度】
　　55.【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【答案】d
　　【解析】作者认为是自己对大自然的钟爱使自己最终成为一名真正的园艺师。由此可知，d选项符合文意。因此，正确答案为d选项。
　　【难度】容易
　　7.【XX辽宁卷】
　　阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c、d）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　　when glen kruger picked a small cat from an animal shelter, he did not expect much. yet right from the start, eight years ago, there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat. he 36 her inky.
　　＂ i grew up on a hundred-acre farm and had only cats 37 playmatcs,＂kruger,
　　the sevevty-year-old man,says. ＂my hearing was damaged by the 38 of farm epuipment , so i learned to connect with 39 . they react to what they see and what you do. ＂
　　inky was a gentle cat, 40 the house with five other cats. but on a january night in XX, inky did 41 that would set her apart from 42 cats forever.
　　kruger had gone down to the basemeng to 43 the wood stove for the night. when he was finished, he 44 to the top of the stairs and reached to turn off the lights. in doing so , he slipped and 45 his back against an old shelf. the heavy shelf came crashing down and sent kruger down the stairs.
　　46 in a pool of blood on the basement floor, kruger felt 47 going into shock（休克）. he shouted for help , 48 his wife, brenda , was asleep in their
　　bedroom at the opposite end of the house. 49 kruger noticed inky watching from the top of the stairs.
　　＂go get brenda, ＂ krugger said to inky.
　　inky 50 to the bedroom door and scratched 51 until brenda opened it. then inky led her to the 52 brenda found her husband 53 the stairs and called 911. kruger was rushed to the hospital. ＂i spent six months 54 therd,＂
　　says kruger . ＂although i became lame , i was blessed. ＂ sinec the acciedent, inky has 55
　　left krhger’s side.
　　36. a. gave b. chose c. named d. remembered
　　37. a. like b. as c. except d. among
　　38. a. sound b. alarm c. noise d. voice
　　39. a. animals b. friends c. farmers d. neghbors
　　40. . a. sharing b. visiting c. piding d. discovering
　　41. . a. anything b. nothing c. something d. everything
　　42. . a. familiar b. lovely c. ordinary d. outstanding
　　43. . a. shut out b. shut off c. shut down d. shut up
　　44. . a. marched b. flew c. struggled d. climbed
　　45. . a. bent b. hit c. shook d. pulled
　　46. . a. falling b. lying c. appearing d. thinking
　　47. a. it b. itself c. him d. himself
　　48. a. and b. but c. or d. so
　　49. a. thus b. otherwise c. then d. rather
　　50. . a. walked b. ran c. returned d. withdrew
　　51. . a. rapidly b. ruddenly c. madly d. urgently
　　52. . a. bedroom b. basement c yard d. house
　　53. a. at the bottom of b. in the middle of c. . at the top of d. in the front of
　　54. a. regretting b. resting c. relaxing d. recovering
　　55. a. never b. ever c. still d. already
　　【考点】日常生活类—记叙文
　　【文章大意】本文叙述的是glen kruger听力受损之后，捡到了一只猫，他把它叫作inky，在XX年的一个一月的晚上，inky救了它的主人的生命的过程。
　　36．【答案】c
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】这儿是说glen kruger给他捡到的小猫起了个名字叫inky，所以选c项。
　　【难度】一般
　　37．【答案】b
　　【考点】介词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】glen kruger说他在一个一百英亩的农场上长大，只有猫作为他的玩伴，所以选b项。
　　【难度】一般
　　38．【答案】c
　　【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】glen kruger的听力只能是被机器的噪声损坏，其它三个选项都不会损坏人的听力，所以选c项。
　　【难度】一般
　　39．【答案】a
　　【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据第一段中的＂there was an uncommon connection between him and the small black cat.＂和后面＂they react to what they see and what you do.＂可知，这儿的they是指动物。所以选a项。
　　【难度】一般
　　40．【答案】a
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据＂inky was a gentle cat,＂可知，inky很温顺，所以它和其它五只猫共同住在一个屋里，所以选sharing.
　　【难度】一般
　　41．【答案】c
　　【考点】代词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据后面讲的inky救glen kruger命的过程，可知是它做了一件让它与其它普通的猫区别开的事。所以用something.
　　【难度】一般
　　42．【答案】c
　　【考点】形容词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】与inky救主人的命比起来，其它的猫相对就是普通的了，所以选c项。
　　【难度】一般
　　43．【答案】b
　　【考点】动词词组辨析
　　【试题解析】a项意为：把……关在外面；b项意为：关闭；c项意为：停工；d项意为：住嘴，囚禁。可以看出，四个选项中只有b项能与wood stove搭配，所以选b项。
　　【难度】一般
　　44．【答案】d
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】当他结束后，爬到梯子顶上，去关灯。所以用climb.
　　【难度】一般
　　45．【答案】b
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据后面沉重的架子倒在地上，并把glen kruger也带下了梯子，所以是他在做件事的过程中，他的背撞在一个旧架子上。所以选b项。
　　【难度】一般
　　46．【答案】b
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据前面的glen kruger被架子带下了梯子，所以他应是躺在血泊里，所以用lying。
　　【难度】一般
　　47．【答案】d
　　【考点】代词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据后面的going into shock可知，是glen kruger他快要休克了，所以选 himself.
　　【难度】中等
　　48．【答案】b
　　【考点】连词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据 ＂he shouted for help,＂和＂his wife, brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite of the house＂可知，这两句话之间是转折关系，所以用but.
　　【难度】一般
　　49．【答案】c
　　【考点】连词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】then在这儿意思是就在那个时候，可以体会到glen kruger向妻子求助没有得到回应要绝望时，突然看到了inky那种喜悦的心情。
　　【难度】中等
　　50．【答案】b
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】glen kruger看到了inky，于是让它去叫他的妻子，inky于是就跑到了卧室门口，所以用ran.
　　【难度】较难
　　51．【答案】c
　　【考点】副词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】inky跑到卧室门口后就疯狂的抓门，直到brenda打开门，a项意为：快速地；b项意为：突然；d项意为：急切地均不合题意。
　　【难度】一般
　　52．【答案】b
　　【考点】名词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】glen kruger在地下室，inky自然要把他妻子带到地下室。所以选b。
　　【难度】一般
　　53．【答案】a
　　【考点】介词短语辨析
　　【试题解析】根据上文中架子倒地的时候把glen kruger带下了梯子，所以他现在应该在梯子下面，选a。
　　【难度】一般
　　54．【答案】d
　　【考点】动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】glen kruger被送进了医院，在医院里是花了六个月的时间恢复，所以用recovering.
　　【难度】一般
　　55．【答案】a
　　【考点】副词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】因为inky救了glen kruger一命，所以他要时刻把它带在身边。
　　【难度】一般
　　【难度】一般（此难度是针对整篇文章）
　　【长难句解析】
　　he shouted for help, but his wife, brenda, was asleep in their bedroom at the opposite end of the house. 此句是由but 连接的并列句，意思是：他大声求救，但是他的妻子brenda正在屋子的另一端睡觉。
　　8.【XX福建卷】
　　阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项（a、b、c和d)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
　　i often read of incidents of misunderstanding or conflict. i ’m left 36 . why do these people create mistrust and problems, especially with those from other 37 ？
　　i was growing up in kuala lumpur in the early 1960s, 38 children from different races and religions played and studied 39 in harmony. at that time my family lived a stone s 40 from ismail’s. and no one was bothered that ismail was a malay muslim and iwas an indian hindu——we just 41 our differences. perhaps, our elders had not filled our heads with unnecessary advice，well 42 or otherwise.
　　we were nine when we became friends. during the school holidays, we＂d 43 the countryside on our bicycles, hoping to 44 the unexpected. at times ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town. we would be glad of his 45 .
　　when i was twelve, my family moved to johor. ismail s family later returned to their village, and i 46 touch with him.
　　one spring afternoon in 1983, i stopped a taxi in kuala lumpur. i 47 my destination. the driver acknowledged my 48 but did not move off. instead, he looked 49 at me. ＂raddar?＂ he said, using my childhood nickname(绰号). i was astonished at being so 50 addressed (称呼). unexpectedly! it was ismail! even after two 51 we still recognized each other. grasping his shoulder, i felt a true affection, something 52 to describe.
　　if we can allow our children to be 53 without prejudice, they＂ll build friendships with people, regardless of race or religion, who will be 54 their side through＂ thick and thin. on such friendships are societies built and 55 we can truly be, as william shakespeare once wrote, 44we happy few, we band of brothers＂.
　　36.a. interested b. pleased c. puzzled d. excited
　　37.a. parties b. cities c. villages d. races
　　38.a. why b. which c. how d. when
　　39.a. together b. around c. alone d. apart
　　40.a. drop b. throw c. move d. roll
　　41.a. refused b. made c. sought d. accepted
　　42.a. paid b. meant c. preserved d. treated
　　43.a. explore b. search c. discover d. desert
　　44.a. get through b. deal with c. come across d. take away
　　45.a. arrival b. choice c. effort d. company
　　46.a. lost b. gained c.developed d. missed
　　47.a. stated b. ordered c. decided d. chose
　　48.a. attempts b. instructions c. opinions d. arrangements
　　49.a. anxiously b. carelessly c. disappointedly d. fixedly
　　50.a.familiarly b. strangely c. fully d. coldly
　　51.a.departures b. months c. years d. decades
　　52.a.possible b. funny c.hard d. clear
　　53.a.them b. themselves c. us d. ourselves
　　54.a. from b. by c.with d. against
　　55.a. still b. otherwise c.then d. instead
　　【考点】夹叙夹议文——友谊
　　【文章大意】本文通过作者和儿时的伙伴虽然信奉的宗教不同但是彼此非常要好，分别多年后再次巧遇使双方激动不已。作者通过自己的经历告诉我们要排除种族歧视，同甘共苦，创建和谐社会。最后一段点出文章主旨大意。
　　36. 【答案】c
　　【考点】考查形容词辨析
　　【试题解析】根据下文的作者的疑问＂为什么这些人有那些不信任和问题呢？＂可知作者感到非常困惑，选择puzzled。
　　37. 【答案】d
　　【考点】考查名词辨析
　　【试题解析】根据最后一段第一句中出现的without prejudice＂没有种族歧视＂和下文的regardless of race or religion＂不管种族和宗教＂，可推知本空选择d项。
　　38. 【答案】d
　　【考点】考查连词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】本句是个定语从句，先行词指的是20世纪60年代的时候，所以用when。
　　39. 【答案】a
　　【考点】考查上下文逻辑搭配
　　【试题解析】那个时候我们来自不同种族的孩子们一起（together）玩，一起学习，相处融洽。
　　40. 【答案】b
　　【考点】考查固定短语辨析
　　【试题解析】a stone’s throw 近在咫尺，本句指的是我家当时离ismail的家很近。
　　41. 【答案】d
　　【考点】考查动词辨析以及上下文的逻辑关系
　　【试题解析】differences指的是上文提到的ismail是个穆斯林教，并且我是印度教，根据下文的解释可知我们接受（accept）彼此的信奉的宗教的不同。
　　42. 【答案】b
　　【考点】考查上下文的逻辑关系
　　【试题解析】well meant＂善意的＂是个固定短语，本句指的是我们的老人没有用那些不必要的建议或善意的建议还是其他的方面来充满我们的大脑。
　　43. 【答案】a
　　【考点】考查固定搭配
　　【试题解析】选择explore＂探索，考查＂来形容当时作者和他的伙伴童真无邪的心理觉得一切都很新鲜，骑着自行车来＂探索＂乡下未知的事物。
　　44. 【答案】c
　　【考点】考查动词短语辨析
　　【试题解析】由于没去过乡下，再说是骑着自行车当然是想遇到一些没遇到过的事情，come across＂偶然中遇到＂。
　　45. 【答案】d
　　【考点】考查名词辨析
　　【试题解析】根据上文的accompany＂陪同＂可知答案为company，＂有他的陪伴我感到很高兴＂。
　　46. 【答案】 a
　　【考点】考查动词短语搭配以及逻辑关系辨析
　　【试题解析】根据下文unexpectedly! it was ismail!可推知自从各自搬家后他们两个失去了（lost）联系
　　47. 【答案】 a
　　【考点】考查动词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】我叫了一个出租车并说明（state）了我的目的地
　　48. 【答案】 b
　　【考点】考查名词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】这个司机告知我他获悉我到达的方向(instructions)
　　49. 【答案】d
　　【考点】考查副词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】由于是多年之后好朋友见面当然是ismail应该是目不转睛地盯着我，选择fixedly表示不相信自己的眼睛，直盯盯的看着我，
　　50. 【答案】 a
　　【考点】考查副词词义辨析
　　【试题解析】根据上文的childhood nickname，可知是熟悉的称呼familiarly，选择可知作者在异地有人叫他儿时的绰号感到非常震惊
　　51. 【答案】d
　　【考点】考查上下文逻辑关系
　　【试题解析】根据本段第一句时间是in 1983和第二段第一句20世纪60年代可推知事情过了20多年，选择decade＂十年＂。
　　52. 【答案】c
　　【考点】考查形容词辨析
　　【试题解析】根据语境和本句中的a true affection，可知当时作者的心情是难以（hard）形容。
　　53. 【答案】b
　　【考点】考查代词的逻辑代指
　　【试题解析】选择themselves指的是我们孩子们他们自己。
　　54. 【答案】 b
　　【考点】考查介词辨析
　　【试题解析】by one’s side through thick and thin＂和某人同甘共苦，共同支持＂。
　　55. 【答案】c
　　【考点】考查副词的辨析
　　【试题解析】社会被建立在这样的友谊之上，那么（then）我们如莎士比亚所写的亚那样真正能为＂一支兄弟的队伍＂。
　　【难度】中等
　　【长难句解析】
　　at times ismail would accompany my family as we made a rare shopping trip to town.
　　伊斯梅尔有时会伴随着我的家人去城里我进行并不经常进行的购物之旅。
　　本句中的would是过去常常的意思，at times＂时常，不时地＂，as引导的句子是时间状语从句
　　b组 XX-XX年全国高考题组
　　1.【XX•浙江卷】
　　although i love my life, it hasn’t been a lot of fun as i’ve been ill for 28 years.
　　music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my 21 was more manageable , i 22 ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs. 23 that was years ago and times have changed. 24 i live with mother on a country farm.
　　two years ago, i decided that i would need to have some kind of extra work to 25 my disability pension (残疾抚恤金). 26 i needed to sleep in the afternoons, i was limited in my 27 . i decided that i would consider 28 to singing in restaurants.
　　my family are all musicians, so i was 29 when i went into our local music store. i explained that i wanted to sing again but using recorded karaoke music. i knew that discs were very expensive and i really didn’t have a lot of 30 to get started. and 31 you find only three to four songs out of ten on a disc that you can 32 use.
　　when i told the owner of the shop about my 33 ; he gave me a long thoughtful 34 . ＂this means a lot to you, doesn’t it?＂ he said. ＂come with me.＂
　　he led me 35 the crowded shop and to a bench with a large professional karaoke box on it. he placed his large hand 36 on his treasure and said, ＂i have 800 karaoke songs in here. you can take your 37 and i’ll record them for you. that should get you started.＂
　　i 38 . thanking him, i made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose 39 that i could sing. i have come full circle with his help.
　　his 40 still warms my heart and makes me do just that bit extra, when i have the chance.
　　21. a. loneliness b. sadness c. tiredness d. sickness
　　22. a. set b. enjoyed c. kept d. shared
　　23. a. gladly b. eventually c. unfortunately d. surprisingly
　　24. a. now b. then c. sometime d. meanwhile
　　25. a. add up to b. make up for c. get rid of d. take advantage of
　　26. a. if b. as c. though d. before
　　27. a. movement b. condition c. choices d. positions
　　28. a. reaching out b. living up c. getting on d. going back
　　29. a. recognized b. interviewed c. found d. invited
　　30. a. money b. time c. energy d. knowledge
　　31. a. thus b. once c. seldom d. often
　　32. a. actually b. hardly c. nearly d. formerly
　　33. a. job b. family c. idea d. offer
　　34. a. face b. view c. look d. sight
　　35. a. over b. along c. towards d. through
　　36. a. unhappily b. lovingly c. pitifully d. gratefully
　　37. a. pick b. turn c. role d. step
　　38. a. had to cry b. ought to cry c. should have cried d. could have cried
　　39. a. more b. the ones c. few d. the rest
　　40. a. courage b. devotion c. kindness d. trust
　　【点评】
　　XX年高考英语浙江卷完形填空部分原文节选于读者文摘（reader＂sdigest)澳大利亚版，考题略有删节，并替换掉原文中超过高考范围的词汇，采取同义词替换的手段使原文表述通畅。所选文章延续历年出题模式，以记叙文为题材，选取作者在生命中不平凡的阶段受到陌生人帮助的事实，歌颂和赞扬人间真情和助人的美德。
　　【解析】
　　21题，属于上文提示法，首句中出现ill，此选项应是ill的同义表达，故选d.sickness。
　　22题，属于上文提示法，上句出现病情可以manageable，所以作者应该是享受那段过去的美好时光，故选b.enjoyed。此选项在XX年全国一卷完形填空部分第41题出现过，且也为正确选项。
　　23题，属于下文解释法，下文出现发生改变，结合首句作者生病，可推出作者表达的是不幸的情绪，故选c.unfortunately。此选项为高考完形填空中的的高频选项。
　　24题，属于转折对比法，上文出现yearsago和changed，因此推出此题应回归现实，故选a.now。此选项在XX年浙江卷完形填空部分第37题出现过，且也为正确选项�...