已领健康TEXTMESSAGINGMAYBEINCREASI

　　标题：AreYouAddictedtotheApprovalofOthers？5WaystoOvercomeIt
　　source：science丨MaggieFreleng
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　　Peopletendtointerpretambiguoustextmessagesnegatively，resentfromafemalefriend，saysastudyinSsComputersinHumanBehavior。
　　Textmessagingisoneofthemostpopularformsofcommunication，particularlyamongyoungadults。AccordingtothePewResearchCenter，peoplebetweentheagesof18and24sendabout110textmessagesonanormalday。
　　“Thefactthatnoonecanseeyou，andthefactthatyouhavetimetothinkaboutwhatyou’dliketosaybeforeyousendamessagearebothfeaturesthatcanreducepeople’sanxietyaboutsocialinteraction，andcanhelpthemtotalkaboutmorepersonaltopicswithoutfeelingembarrassedorshy，”saysMilaKingsbury，theleadauthorofthenewstudyandapsychologydoctoralcandidateatCarletonUniversity。
　　“However，noonehadreallystudiedhowanxiouspeopleinterpretthemessagestheyarereceiving。”
　　AnxietydisordersarethemostcommonformofmentalillnessintheU。S。，affecting18percentofthepopulation，accordingtotheAnxietyandDepressionAssociationofAmerica。Socialanxietyaloneaffectsabout6。8percentofthepopulationandisequallycommonamongmenandwomen。
　　Ironically，Kingsburysaysthosewhoaremoresociallyanxiousaremorepronetocomputermediatedcommunication。However，computermediatedcommunicationalsoleavespeoplesusceptibletoanxietyprovokinginterpretationsofthemessagestheyarereceiving。
　　Kingsburyandherteamsurveyed215undergraduatestudentsabouttheirinterpretationsof24ambiguoustextsincludingcommonmessageslike，“Iheardaboutlastnight”or“CallmeASAP。”
　　Psintentionwhetheritwasintendednegativelyorifitwasfriendly。Theresearcherstoldtheparticipantsthathalfofthetextswerecomingfromafemalefriend，andhalffromamalefriend。
　　“Iexpectedthatpeoplewithhighersocialanxietywouldbemorelikelytointerpretthemessagesnegatively，”Kingsburysays。Butwhatshedidn’texpecttofindwasanimbalanceininterpretationsbasedongender。
　　Ingeneral，peopleinthestudy，bothmenandwomen，weremorelikelytointerprettextmessagesnegativelywhentheyweretoldtheyweresentfromafemalefriend，butthenegativeinterpretationswereparticularlystrongamongheterosexualmen。Kingsburysaystherewerenotenoughstudyparticipantstoexaminewhetherthefindingswerealsopronouncedamonggaymen。
　　NathanLaFave，adoctoralcandidateinstudyingcomputermediatedcommunicationsatNYU，saysthatambiguitiesaremoreprevalentamongcomputermediatedcommunicationsbecausetheylackcuessuchaswordintonationandpitch。Thisiswhereemojiscancomeinhandy。
　　“Inpersonyouwouldbeabletorelyonothercuessuchasfacialexpressionsthatwouldhelpthehearerrecipientofthemessageinterprethowitwasmeant，”hesays，addingtherearealotofthingswedowithourbodiesthatarealsoimportantforconveyingmeaning。
　　Forpeopleengagingincomputermediatedcommunication，findingwaystoovercomethoseambiguitiesisimportant。
　　“TextingforcesSMSuserstorelyonothermethodstoconveymeaning，suchasemoji，capitalization，andpunctuation，tonameafew，saysLaFave。Ifthe〔authorofthetext〕tactuallymakeuseoftheseconventions，itwillcertainlyheightenanypotentialforambiguity。