Zoology教案

　　the third period
　　teaching aims:
　　1.revise the sentence pattern for emphasis.
　　2.revise the words and phrases learned in the last period.
　　3.revise the usages of modal verbs.
　　teaching important points:
　　1.use the words and phrases learnt freely and correctly.
　　2.use the modal verbs correctly.
　　teaching difficult points:
　　how to use the modal verbs correctly in different situations.
　　teaching methods:
　　1.exercises to help students use the learnt words and phrases freely and correctly.
　　2.comparative and inductive methods to tell students the usages of some modal verbs.
　　3.exercises to help students use the modal verbs correctly.
　　teaching aids:
　　1.a computer
　　2.a courseware
　　teaching procedures:
　　step ⅰ greetings
　　greet the whole class as usual.
　　step ⅱ revision
　　t:in the last period,we learnt a sentence pattern for emphasis.and i also told you to do an exercise.now i’ll check your homework.
　　(teacher asks some students to give the answers and then checks them with the whole class.)
　　suggested answers:
　　1.it is the honey-bee that interests scientists most.
　　科学家最感兴趣的是蜜蜂。
　　2.it is professor wu that they want to invite.
　　他们想邀请的是吴教授。
　　3.it was on october 1st that new china was founded.
　　新中国是在10月1日成立的。
　　4.it was not until it was deep into the night that he went to bed.
　　他一直到深夜才睡觉。
　　5.was it because he was ill that he asked for leave?
　　他是因为生病才请假的吗？
　　6.where was it that he told you the news?
　　他是在哪里告诉你这个消息的？
　　step ⅲ language practice
　　t:in the last period we’ve learnt some new words and phrases.now let’s do an exercise to see if you have known their exact meaning.please look at exercise 1.choose the proper word or phrase in the box to take the place of the underlined word in each of the following sentences.
　　(teacher gives students a while to finish this exercise and then asks the students to give the answers.)
　　suggested answers:
　　1.glass—transparent
　　2.think—assume
　　3.make clear—clarify
　　4.nearby—surrounding
　　5.obvious—apparent
　　6.distinguish—tell apart;small circles—dot
　　7.get—obtain;enough—adequate
　　t:now let’s do exercise 2.imagine that you are a scientist who is studying bees.a reporter from the local tv station has asked you some questions about your work.you can use the words in the brackets to answer these questions.you can use the detailed information in the passage to help you.you can also work in pairs to have a discussion.
　　(teacher gives students enough time to prepare and then asks some of them to give the answers.)
　　suggested answers:
　　r:please tell us about your work.what is your theory?what is it that you want to show?
　　you:i have an assumption that bees can use a kind of ＂language＂ to communicate with each other.i want to show that bees convey some information when they are dancing.
　　r:i see.so you believe that the bees use a dance to communicate.what does the dance look like?
　　you:the bee moves sideways in the wagging dance:the dancer runs in a straight line,wagging from side to side.then it turned in a semicircle,ran straight again,and turned in another semicircle to the opposite side.
　　r:you have set up two feeding places here.one is very close to the beehive,one is about three hundred metres away.why have you done that?
　　you:i assume that bees convey more information than food.in order to find out whether my assumption is correct,i have set up two feeding places.one is very close to the beehive,the other is in a far-away place.
　　r:the bees all look the same to me.how do you distinguish one bee from another?
　　you:i mark all the bees that come to the nearby feeding place blue and all the bees that go to the far-away place red.in this way i can tell them apart easily.
　　r:how were you able to come to a conclusion?
　　you:i did more experiments in order to ob-tain enough data to provide an adequate account of the bees’ behaviour.
　　r:it must have been difficult to get enough information.how did you know if the dance told the bees exactly where the feeding place was?
　　you:by doing a lot of experiments,i knew that the dance coveyed news of food.it was evident that the circle dance told the bees about the location of the food while the wagging dance told the exact distance to the feeding place.
　　r:what was the most important thing you have learnt about the bees?what became clear as you studied the bees?
　　you:the most important thing i learnt about bees was that bees can communicate with each other by dancing in different ways.as i studied the bees,it came to light that bees fly a maximum distance of 3.2 kilometres between their hive and a feeding place.
　　step ⅳ grammar
　　t:we’ve learnt some modal verbs before.we all know that modal verbs are difficult to master in english.now look at the sentences on the screen.the underlined parts are all modal verbs.please give the chinese for each sentence and explain the use of modal verbs in it.
　　(teacher shows the following on the screen.)
　　1.ellen should have kept his promise.i wonder why he changed his mind.
　　2.you ought not to eat too much junk food.
　　3.—are you coming for dinner?
　　—i’m not sure.i might go to my aunt’s instead.
　　4.there was plenty of time.we needn’t have hurried.
　　5.nancy dare not go out alone at night.
　　6.i must finish the report before this weekend.
　　7.i can read english much faster than before.
　　8.would she like to borrow my bicycle?
　　9.she is rehearsing a new play.she must be very busy now.
　　10.it’s getting late.i’m afraid i have got to go.
　　(bb:should/ought to;may/might/could;need,dare;must/have (got) to;can/be able to;shall/will)
　　t:now,who’d like to explain the first sentence?
　　s1:埃伦本来应该遵守诺言的。我奇怪他为什么改变了主意。
　　＂should＂ is used to indicate ＂obligation＂ or ＂duty＂.the structure with perfect infinitive is used to talk about things which did not happen,although they were supposed to.
　　suggested answers:
　　2.你不应该吃太多的垃圾食品。
　　＂shouldn’t/oughtn’t to＂ is the negative short form of ＂should/ought to＂ expressing ＂advice＂.
　　3.——你会来吃晚饭吗？
　　——我说不准。或许我得去我姑妈家。
　　＂may/might/could＂ is used to talk about ＂possibility＂.
　　4.还有充足的时间，我们不必匆匆忙忙的。
　　＂needn’t＂ is the negative short form of ＂need＂.
　　the modal verb ＂need＂,which is used to express ＂necessity＂,is today most commonly used in negative statements.
　　5.南希晚上不敢独自一人外出。
　　the modal verb ＂dare＂ means ＂have enough courage＂.it is used especially in negative statements and questions.
　　6.周末前我必须完成这份报告。
　　＂must＂ is used to express ＂necessity in future time＂.
　　7.我比从前阅读英语快多了。
　　＂can＂ is used to talk about ＂the ability to do sth.＂.
　　8.她想借用我的自行车吗？
　　＂would＂ is used in offers or invitations.
　　9.她正排练一出新戏，她现在一定很忙。
　　＂must＂ here is used to draw a logical conclusion.
　　10.天不早了，恐怕我得走了。
　　when there seems to be no other choice,＂have to＂ is used.＂have got to＂ is used in spoken english instead of ＂have to＂ in written english.
　　t:can you tell the differences between ＂can＂ and ＂be able to＂?
　　s2:no.
　　t:＂can＂ and ＂be able to＂ both indicate ＂ability＂,but ＂can＂ is used only in the present indefinite tense and the past indefinite tense while ＂be able to＂ is used in different kinds of tenses.
　　s3:will you explain the usages of the two modal verbs ＂shall＂ and ＂will＂?
　　t:＂shall i.../shall we...＂ are often used to make suggestions.＂will you.../would you...＂are often used to indicate requests.i’ll give you two examples.look at the blackboard,please.
　　(bb:shall we take our swim-suits?
　　will you post this letter for me,please?)
　　t:now let’s do an exercise in your textbooks.
　　please use the proper modal verbs to finish the two dialogues in exercise 3.
　　(teacher gives students some minutes to prepare and then checks the answers with the whole class.)
　　suggested answers:
　　dialogue 1
　　shall;must;needn’t/don’t have to;can/could;may/might;can/may/had better;would;can’t;must
　　dialogue 2
　　will/would;must;can;must;must;would;can;should/ought to;dare
　　step ⅴ summary and homework
　　t:today,we’ve reviewed some new words and phrases learnt in the last period.we’ve also reviewed something about the text.besides,we’ve reviewed the usages of some modal verbs and have done some exercises about them.after class,you should do more exercises about modal verbs and preview the reading passage in the ＂integrating skills＂.ok.that’s all for today.class is over.
　　step ⅵ the design of the writing on the
　　blackboard
　　unit 14　zoology
　　the third period
　　modal verbs:
　　should/ought to;may/might/could;need;dare;must/have(got) to;can/be able to;shall/will
　　examples:
　　shall we take our swim-suits?
　　will you post this letter for me,please?
　　step ⅶ record after teaching
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