Unitampnbsp4ampnbspAstronomyampnbsptheampnbspscienceampnbspofampnbsptheampnbspstars

　　unit 4 astronomy: the science of the stars
　　grammar
　　teaching goals
　　1 target language
　　a重点词汇和短语
　　suffer, settle , realize , worry about , have got to, tie up
　　b重点句子：
　　he was very disappointed.
　　what it was to become was a mystery.
　　to save money, you must use as few words as possible.
　　c. practise talking about problems in study or life
　　my problem is… the difficulty is… my trouble is…
　　the question is… my advice is… what i think about it is…
　　the fact is… my suggestion is…
　　2 ability goals
　　learn to use noun clauses as the subject..
　　3 learning ability goals
　　let ss learn how to use noun clauses as the subject
　　teaching important points
　　the use of noun clauses as the subject
　　teaching difficult points
　　how to teach the ss to learn to use noun clauses as the subject
　　teaching methods
　　learn grammar through practice
　　teaching aids
　　computer
　　teaching procedures
　　step 1 revision
　　1.check retelling of the passage.
　　the explosion of the earth produced water vapor, which turned into water when the earth cooled down. water allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases into the oceans and seas. that made it possible for life to begin to develop. the arrival of small plants encouraged the development of early shellfish and all sorts of fish. many millions of years later the first green plants began to appear on land. later land animals appeared. some were insects. others, called amphibians, were able to live on land as well as in the sea. when the plants grew into forests, reptiles appeared for the first time. later, dinosaurs developed. they became the most important animals on the earth for millions of years. after they disappeared, mammals became more important. they were the last group of animals and they were different because they produced their young from within their bodies. small clever animals, with hands and feet, appeared and spread all over the earth. as time went by, they covered the earth and have become the most important animals on the planet.
　　2.translate the following sentences.
　　1.你迟早会成功的。
　　2.我的车与你的不一样。
　　3.站在门旁边的那个人是谁？
　　4.他总是第一个来，最后一个离开。
　　5.既然你已经长大了，你自己决定吧。
　　suggested answers:
　　1.you’ll succeed in time.
　　2.my car is different from yours.
　　3.who is the person standing by the door?
　　4.he’s always the first to come and the last to leave.
　　5.now that you have grown up you can decide it yourself.
　　step 2 preparation
　　show some example sentences on the screen.
　　1 a tree has fallen across the road.
　　2 you are a student.
　　3 to find your way can be a problem.
　　4 smoking is bad for you.
　　5 ＂how do you do?＂ is a greeting.
　　6 what she said is not yet known.
　　7 that we shall be late is certain.
　　8 it’s certain that we shall be late.
　　what part does the underlined part serve as in each sentence? or find its subject in each sentence.
　　step 3 grammar
　　定义： 用作主语的从句叫主语从句，它是名词性从句之一。引导主语从句的连接词有：连词that, whether；连接代词who, what和which；连接副词when, where, how和why。
　　1) 由what等代词引起的主语从句：
　　what the teacher said today was quite right. 老师今天说的话是十分正确的。
　　2) 由连词that引起的主语从句：
　　that they are badly in need of help is quite clear. 他们急需帮助，这是十分明显的。
　　但是这类句子在大多数情况下会放到整个句子的后部去，而用代词it作形式主语。
　　3) 由连接代词或连接副词以及whether引起的主语从句。
　　whether they will sell the house is not yet decided.他们是否卖掉这所房子还没有决定。
　　4) whatever, whoever也可引导主语从句。
　　whatever was said here must be kept secret. 这里说的话都应当保密。
　　whoever makes mistakes must correct them. 凡犯了错误的人都必须改正。
　　注意: 上述例句中的主语从句都是放在句首, 但有时为了使句子结构平衡, 避免 ＂头重脚轻＂, 常用 it 作形式主语, 而把从句放在后面。 例如:
　　it is a pity that she has made such a mistake.她犯了这样一个错误, 真是遗憾。
　　这样就构成了下面一些常用句型:
　　1) it is + adj. / n. +从句
　　 it is a pity/shame that... 遗憾的是……
　　 it is possible that... 很可能……
　　 it is unlikely that... 不可能……
　　2) it +不及物动词+从句
　　 it seems/appears that... 似乎……
　　 it happened that... 碰巧……
　　3) it + be +过去分词+从句
　　it is said that... 据说……
　　it is known to all that... 众所周知……
　　it is reported that... 据报道……
　　it is believed that...据信……;人们相信……
　　it is suggested that... 有人建议……
　　单个的主语从句作主语时谓语动词用单数；由 and 连接的两个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用复数。
　　step4 practice
　　ex1 fill in the blanks.
　　1. _____ you don’t like him is none of my business.
　　2. _____ he said at the meeting astonished everybody present
　　3. ________ the XX olympic games will be held in beijing is known.
　　4. ________ we’ll go camping tomorrow depends on the weather.
　　5. ________ leaves the room last ought to turn off the lights.
　　6. ___ is a fact that english is being accepted as an international language.
　　7.it worried her a bit ____ her hair was turning grey.
　　8. the foreign minister said, ＂__ is our hope that the two sides will work towards peace.＂
　　9. after yang liwei succeeded in circling the earth, ____ our astronauts desire to do is walk in space.
　　ex 2 translation
　　1.谁赢了比赛还不知道。
　　_______________ is unknown.
　　2.他所说的话是真的。
　　____________ is true.
　　3.我们要晚了，那是肯定无疑的 。
　　_______________ is certain.
　　4. 他去哪里还不清楚。
　　______________ is not clear.
　　5. 很遗憾你不能来。
　　____________ you can’t come.
　　homework
　　english weekly page 4 part 3