XX届高考英语unit 3 a healthy life精讲精练复习 unit 3 a healthy life ⅰ.重要单词聚焦 1． n．& vt. 滥用；虐待 2． n．& vt. 压力；重音；加压力于；使紧张 3． vt.&. 禁止；取缔；禁令；谴责 4． adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的 5． adj. 困难的；强硬的 6． adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的 abuse stress ban due tough addicted 7． vt. 使习惯于 8． adj. 惯常的；习惯了的 9． adv. 无意识地；自动地 10． adj. 精神的；智力的 11． vt. 停止(做某事)；离开 12． n. 结果；效力 13． adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的 14． adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的 accustom accustomed automatically mental quit effect breathless unfit 15． vt.& vi. 加强；巩固；使坚强；变强 16． adj. 绝望的；拼命的 17． adj. 失望的；沮丧的 18． adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的 19． adj. 不合法的；违法的 20． n. 幸存；幸存者 21． n. 看法；判决；判断 22． adj. 尴尬的；陷入困境的 strengthen desperate disappointed ashamed illegal survival judgement embarrassed ⅱ.重点短语扫描 1． to 由于…… 2．be to 习惯于…… 3．feel (doing) 想要(做)…… 4． risks/a risk 冒险 5． risk 处境危险；遭受危险 6．be to 对……有瘾 7． on 对……作出决定 8．in of 不顾；不管 due accustomed like take at addicted decide spite 9．get 陷入；染上(坏习惯) 10． is 也就是说 11．reach for 接触；够着 12．go a diet 节食 into that out on ⅲ.课文原句突破 1．i do hope so because i want you to live as long and healthy a life as i have. [信息提取] 此句式为as adj. a/an 单数可数名词 as... [例句仿写] 我买不起像他的一样昂贵的小汽车。 i can’t________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 afford as expensive a car as his 2．i didn’t know，for example，that it could do terrible damage to your heart and lungs or that it was more difficult for smoking couples to become pregnant. [信息提取] 在句中do damage to为一固定表达，意为＂对……造成损害＂＂使……受到损害＂，其中的to为介词。 [例句仿写] 暴风雨对庄稼造成了巨大的损失。 the storm________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________the crop. 【答案】 did a lot of damage to 3．if you start to feel nervous or stressed，don’t reach for a cigarette. [信息提取] 句中reach for意为＂伸出手；伸长＂，通常与out连用。 [例句仿写] 那个乞丐伸出手来讨钱。 the beggar________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 reached out his hand for money 4．hiv weakens a person’s immune system；that is，the part of the body that fights disease. [信息提取] that is为副词短语，＂也就是说，换句话说＂，相当于namely或that is to say。 [例句仿写] 你做得很好，也就是说，我对你很满意。 you did well，________ ________，________ ________ ________ ________. 【答案】 that is；i’m satisfied with you effect n．结果；效力 his new way of teaching produced a good effect. 他的新教学法产生了良好的效果。 my advice didn’t have much effect on him. 我的劝告对他没什么效果。 (1)have an effect on/upon对……有效，对……产生影响 (2)put/bring sth.into effect实施，实行，使生效 (3)come into effect/take effect(法律、规则或制度)生效；实施 (4)take effect生效；奏效 (5)of no effect没有效果的；没有影响的 (6)side effect副作用 punishment had very little effect on them. 惩罚对他们没有什么效果。 the new law will come into effect next month. 这项新法律下个月生效。 they decided to bring the plan into effect as soon as possible. 他们决心尽快实施这项计划。 1．usually what the teacher says will have a deep________on a child. a．mark b．effect c．satisfaction d．expression 【解析】 have a deep effect on对……产生深远影响，本题考查短语中的介词搭配。 【答案】 b stress (1)n.重压，逼迫，压力；重音；重点 jane’s been under a lot of stress since her mother’s illness. 自从母亲病倒后，简一直忧心忡忡。 stress should be put on the prevention of diseases. 疾病应以预防为主。 (2)vt.加压力于；使紧张；重读 he stressed the importance of a good education. 他强调了接受良好教育的重要性。 he was feeling very stressed and tired.他感到心力交瘁。 2．cooperation or teamwork，the importance of which is often________，plays an important part in football matches. a．stressed b．laid stress c．paid much attention d．talked 【解析】 本题考查动词和动词短语的区别。句意为：合作或团队协作在足球比赛中起着很重要的作用，其重要性经常被强调。stress the importance of...强调……的重要性。 【答案】 a accustomed adj.习惯的，通常的 i’m not accustomed to getting up so early to do morning exercises.我不习惯这么早起床进行晨练。 you will soon get accustomed to the job. 你将会很快习惯这个工作。 accustom vt.使习惯于，养成习惯 accustom sb./oneself to (doing) sth. 使某人/自己习惯做某事 he quickly accustomed himself to/became accustomed to the new way of life.他很快适应了这种新的生活方式。 she found it necessary to accustom her child to getting up early. 她觉得有必要让孩子养成早起的习惯。 3．(XX年江苏卷)—they are quiet，aren’t they? —yes.they are accustomed________at meals. a．to talk b．to not talk c．to talking d．to not talking 【解析】 本题考查固定搭配。be accustomed to习惯于，为固定短语。其中的to为介词，后接名词，相当于名词的词或短语，动名词。句意为：——他们很安静，不是吗？——是的，他们习惯于在吃饭的时候不说话。 【答案】 d 4．(XX年上海春)accustomed to________the steep mountain，he had no difficulty reaching the top. a．climbing b．climb c．having climbed d．have climbed 【解析】 to为介词，后跟动词ing形式，不能跟现在分词的完成式，故选a。 【答案】 a ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的 she feels ashamed of having failed in the examination. 她因考试不及格而感到羞愧。 i felt ashamed to ask for help.我不好意思寻求帮助。 shame n．羞耻；惭愧；遗憾的事 shameful adj.不体面的 shameless adj.不知羞耻的 it is a shame that you can’t stay with us. 你不能留下来和我们在一起，真是太遗憾了。 5．the instructor asked us to list anything in our past that we felt________of，regretted and read our lists aloud. a．ashamed b．afraid c．sure d．proud 【解析】 由regret可知，前面的意思应是＂惭愧＂。ashamed惭愧的，羞愧的。b项＂害怕＂；c项＂确信的＂；d项＂骄傲的＂。 【答案】 a risk (1)n.危险，风险 他冒着生命危险救了我。 i wouldn’t run the risk of being late for work. 我不会冒迟到的危险的。 (2)v.使冒险；冒……风险 when children start smoking，they don’t realize that they’re risking their health. 小孩开始抽烟时，并没有意识到是在拿自己的健康去冒险。 the brave man risked his life in trying to save the boy. 这位勇士冒着生命危险去救这个孩子。 6．he got wellprepared for the job interview，for he couldn’t risk________the good opportunity. a．to lose b．losing c．to be lost d．being lost 【解析】 risk后接动词ing作宾语；主语he和lose之间是主动关系。 【答案】 b due to由于……，因为…… ①the meeting is due to start until three. 会议预定到3点钟才开始。 ②the accident is due to your careless driving. 那次意外事故归因于你驾驶不小心。 ③the electricity bill is due to be paid.电费到期应付了。 ④i’m due for a pay rise soon.不久就该给我加工资了。 (1)because of因为(较口语化) (2)owing to因为(较正式) (3)thanks to因为，多亏了 (4)as a result of因为 (5)on account of由于 ⑤owing to our joint efforts，the task was fulfilled ahead of time. 由于我们的共同努力，任务提前完成了。 ⑥he refused to call off the game simply because of the rain. 他拒绝仅仅因为下雨就取消比赛。 7．—did you look up the time of trains to shanghai? —yes，the early train is________to leave at 5 30 a．m.. a．likely b．about c．possible d．due 【解析】 句意为：＂你查过到上海的火车的时间吗？＂＂查了，早班车预定早上5 30发车。＂be due to预定，预期做。火车发车的时间应是确定的，不能用a项；be about to do马上要做……；c项，无论从句意还是用法上都不对，possible的主语只能用it。 【答案】 d get into陷入；染上(坏习惯) he had gotten into the habit of walking home from the school. 他养成了从学校到家步行的习惯。 he got himself into the habit of smoking. 他染上了吸烟的习惯。 get along进展；相处 get away逃脱；离开 get down to认真工作 get over爬过；越过；克服困难；痊愈 get through穿越(马路)；通过；接通电话；经历 the three men got away in stolen car. 那三人乘坐一辆偷来的汽车逃跑了。 as far as i know，he is hard to get along with. 据我所知，他很难相处。 8．—are you ready to leave? —almost，i’ll be ready to go as soon as i________putting the clean dishes away. a．get through b．give up c．go on d．set about 【解析】 get through完成，接通电话，经历；give up放弃；go on继续；set about开始，着手做。句意为：＂你要离开吗？＂＂马上，我把盘子放好就走。＂ 【答案】 a 9．—many students are________smoking. —yes，we must do something to keep others________. a．in the habit of；from falling into the habit b．having the habit of；getting into the habit c．in habit of；from getting out of the habit of d．in the habit of；getting into it 【解析】 be in the habit of意为＂有……的习惯＂，表示状态；have the habit of也可以表示状态，但不可以用于进行时态中；fall into the habit of意为＂沾染上……的习惯＂；keep...from doing sth.意为＂阻止某人做某事＂，其中的介词from不能省略。综上所述，此题答案为a。 【答案】 a be/become/get addicted to对……上瘾的；对……痴迷的 my children have become/been addicted to television. 我的几个孩子都成了电视迷。 we are firmly opposed to helping the young man addicted to alcohol.我们坚决反对帮助那个酗酒成瘾的年青人。 many kids are now addicted to computer games. 现在许多孩子沉迷于电脑游戏。 addict n．沉湎于不良嗜好的人(尤指吸毒者) addiction n．沉湎，成瘾 addictive adj.使人上瘾的 10．________to computer games，the boy has lost all interest in his lessons. a．addicted b．having addicted c．addicting d．addict 【解析】 addict为及物动词，be addicted to表示＂沉溺于……＂之意。该题应使用过去分词短语addicted to...在句中作原因状语。 【答案】 a i do hope so because i want you to live as long and healthy a life as i have. 我真希望你能那样做，因为我盼着你也能像我一样健康长寿。 as adj. a/an n. as...和……一样…… i have read as interesting a book as you have read. 我读的书和你读的书一样有趣。 the man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa. 这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。 i can’t afford as expensive a car as his. 我买不起像他的一样昂贵的小汽车。 so adj. a(n) n. that...如此……以至于 (not) so adj. a(n) n. as...和……一样…… too adj. a(n) n. to do...太……而不能…… this is so difficult a problem that no one can work it out. 这道题太难，没人能解答出来。 it is too high a price for us to pay. 这个价格太高，我们付不起。 11．sarah is so sweet but________girl to speak out in public. a．the too shy b．too shy a c．too shy the d．too a shy 【解析】 考查句型＂so/too/how/as 形容词 a/an 单数可数名词＂，本题中为＂so sweet a girl but too shy a girl＂。 【答案】 b 12．bill is a good man，kind and diligent.don’t be too hard on him.he’s doing the job________. a．as good as he can b．as well as he could c．as well as he can d．as best as he could 【解析】 考查as...as结构的用法。根据时态一致，可排除b、d两项；再根据good修饰名词，well修饰动词、形容词、副词等，而句中要修饰do，可排除a项，故答案为c。 【答案】 c ⅰ.单词拼写 1．he was represented with an award for saving a woman at the ________(冒险) of his own life. 【答案】 risk 2．to my disappointment，he________(滥用) my confidence. 【答案】 abused 3．i am________(对……感到惭愧) that i can’t work it out. 【答案】 ashamed 4．he is a heavy smoker.he can smoke a packet of________(香烟) a day. 【答案】 cigarettes 5．most parents pay attention to children’s________(智力的) development. 【答案】 mental ⅱ.选词填空 in spite of；decide on；get accustomed to；at risk；become addicted to 1．have you________________a date for the wedding? 【答案】 decided on 2．the disease is spreading，and all young children are________________. 【答案】 at risk 3．it doesn’t take long to________________________these drugs. 【答案】 become addicted to 4．it will be a long time before you________________________the local food. 【答案】 get accustomed to 5．________________________all kinds of difficulties，i succeeded in finishing the job all by myself. 【答案】 in spite of ⅲ.巧思妙解 1．the book has received lots of criticism.however，________________________________________________________________________ sales，it is quite a hit. a．on the basis of b．by means of c．in spite of d．in terms of 【解析】 本句意为＂这本书受到很多批评。但在销售方面，相当成功＂。 in terms of就……来说，从……角度；on the basis of以……为基础；by means of用……办法，借助；in spite of尽管，即使。 【答案】 d 2．(XX年南京质检)the job is great________salary.it has its disadvantages，though. a．in case of b．as a result of c．in terms of d．except for 【解析】 考查介词短语。in terms of表示＂用……的话，根据，按照，在……方面＂的意思。句意为＂在薪水方面这是个好活，尽管还有不足＂。 【答案】 c 3．________your advice，i would have been caught in the traffic and i wouldn’t have been there on time. a．in spite of b．but for c．because of d．as for 【解析】 句意为：要不是因为你的建议，我就会遇上交通堵塞，那样，我就不会按时到那里了。in spite of尽管；but for要不是；because of由于，因为；as for至于，就……而论。只有but for可以表示含蓄虚拟。 【答案】 b 4．he always did well at school________having to do parttime jobs every now and then. a．in spite of b．regardless of c．on account of d．in case of 【解析】 in spite of尽管；regardless of不考虑；on account of因为；in case of如果，万一。句意为：尽管不时地做些兼职的工作，他成绩一向不错。 【答案】 a ⅳ.语法专练 本单元语法—it的用法(ⅰ) 1．________has been said before，it is not easy to learn english well. a．as b．it c．what d．as it 【解析】 as表示＂正如＂，引导非限制性定语从句，代替后面整个主句的意思。 【答案】 a 2．bill is good at playing football，but when ________comes to basketball，he knows nothing. a．he b．that c．this d．it 【解析】 when it comes to sth.当说到/涉及……的时候，是一个固定句型。句意为：比尔擅长踢足球，但是说到篮球，他就一无所知了。 【答案】 d 3．i hate________when people talk with their mouths full. a．it b．that c．these d．them 【解析】 it为虚指用法，代指后句的情况。常用在表心理状态的like，hate，appreciate等词后。 【答案】 a 4．—do you think________worthwhile to go all the way to beijing to buy that computer? —well，i’m going to visit the bird’s nest and the water cube. a．it b．/ c．this d．that 【解析】 考查代词。本句中it用做形式宾语，代替后面的不定式短语。 【答案】 a 5．—did you pass your driving test? —yes.even i myself didn’t believe i could make________. a．that b．it c．myself d．them 【解析】 make it意为＂办到，成功＂。it为代词，指代上文的内容。 【答案】 b