心肝宝贝需呵护，亚精胺独辟蹊径

　　【文献解读】
　　来自伊朗德黑兰医科大学医学院Ahmad Reza Dehpour博士研究团队发现，亚精胺可以通过减少炎症介质、增加抗氧化酶改善肝硬化性心肌病大鼠的心脏状况。该研究成果发表于Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology杂志。
　　研究人员通过胆管结扎手术模拟建立了肝硬化性心肌病的大鼠模型，在手术后第7天至第28天每天口服亚精胺进行治疗。研究人员首先检测了大鼠的心电图，发现手术后QTc间期、QRS波群、RR区间这三项参数均显著高于正常大鼠，而亚精胺治疗对这些参数具有明显的改善作用。接下来作者研究了亚精胺对心脏乳头肌收缩和兴奋的影响，发现胆管结扎减弱了乳头肌收缩，提高了乳头肌的兴奋阈值，而亚精胺治疗对这两者均有改善。对心脏氧化应激和炎症水平分析发现，在10mg/kg亚精胺治疗组中，大鼠心脏组织中的抗氧化剂——超氧化物歧化酶和谷胱甘肽活性显著提升，脂质过氧化标志物丙二醛含量显著降低，促炎细胞因子——白介素1β和肿瘤坏死因子α含量也显著降低。最后，对心肌组织切片观察发现，胆管结扎大鼠的心脏出现中度损伤，血管扩张充血；而高剂量亚精胺治疗组心肌细胞和血管正常，心脏组织中没有出血、纤维化、坏死和炎症细胞的迹象，说明亚精胺显著改善了肝硬化导致的心肌病变。
　　肝硬化常引发心脏结构和功能的改变，在肝硬化性心肌病中氧化应激和炎症程度增加。本研究发现，亚精胺治疗具有心脏保护作用，可能与其抗氧化和抗炎特性有关。
　　【文献节选】
　　Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy is a critical factor that causes morbidity and mortality in crucial conditions such as liver transplantation. In animal model, the common pathophysiologic mechanisms of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy are similar to those associated with bile duct ligation (BDL). Overproduction of inflammatory and oxidant markers plays a crucial role in cirrhotic cardiomyopathy. Spermidine, a multifunctional polyamine, is known for its antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects. In this study, we investigated the effects of spermidine on development of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in BDL rats. Rats were randomly housed in 6 groups. Except the normal and sham groups, BDL was performed for all the control and spermidine groups. Seven days after operation, 3 different doses of spermidine (5, 10 and 50 mg/kg) were administrated until day 28, in spermidine groups. At the end of the fourth week, the electrocardiography (ECG) and papillary muscle isolation were performed. The serum level of tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and IL-10 and cardiac level of superoxide dismutase, glutathione (GSH). and malondialdehyde (MDA) were assessed. Furthermore, the nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression was assessed by western blot. Cardiac histopathological changes were monitored. The serum levels of magnesium (Mg2+) and potassium (K+) were investigated. Control group, exhibited exaggerated signs of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in comparison with the sham group. Co-administration of spermidine at the dose of 10 mg/kg in BDL rats significantly improved the cardiac condition, reduced the inflammatory mediators, and increased antioxidant enzymes. In addition, the histopathologic findings were in accordance with the other results of the study. Besides, there was no significant alteration in serum levels of Mg2+ and K+. This study demonstrates that spermidine at the dose of 10 mg/kg significantly improved the cirrhotic cardiomyopathy in BDL model in rats.
　　【原文标题】Protective Effects of Spermidine Against Cirrhotic Cardiomyopathy in Bile Duct-Ligated Rats
　　【标题翻译】亚精胺对胆管结扎大鼠肝硬化心肌病的保护作用
　　【发布杂志】Journal of Cardiovascular Pharmacology
　　【发布时间】2020.09
　　【影响因子】2.598
　　【原文链接】
　　https://doi.org/10.1097/FJC.0000000000000872