剑桥雅思阅读30句长难句分析

　　1。Thescentshecarriedinhersamplesandonherbodywasamessagetotheotherbeesthatthiswastheonetheywerelookingfor。（剑4，GeneralTrainingTestBsection3）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Thescentwasamessagetotheotherbees”；“shecarriedinhersamplesandonherbody”为定语从句，做Thescent的定语，关系词在定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉；“thatthiswastheonetheywerelookingfor”为that引导的同位语从句，做amessage的同位语；“theywerelookingfor”为定语从句，做theone的定语，关系词在定语从句中做for的宾语，因此被省掉。
　　2。Soonhewouldalsodiscoveranumberofotherremarkablefactsabouthowbeescommunicateand，indoingso，revolutionizethestudyofanimalbehaviorgenerally。（剑4，GeneralTrainingTestBsection3）
　　分析：本句的主句为“hewouldalsodiscoveranumberofotherremarkablefactsaboutandrevolutionizethestudyofanimalbehaviorgenerally”；“howbeescommunicate”为how引导的宾语从句，做介词about的宾语。
　　3。Therehad，ofcourse，beendictionariesinthepast，thefirstofthesebeingalittlebookofsome120pages，compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray，publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualE。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句主句“Therehadbeendictionaries”；“thefirstofthesebeingalittlebookofsome120pages，compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray，publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualE”为独立主格结构，其中“compiledbyacertainRobertCawdray”和“publishedin1604underthetitleATableAlphabeticall‘ofhardusualE”均为过去分词短语作定语，做alittlebook的定语。
　　4。ItishighlyappropriatethatDrSamuelJohnson，theverymodelofaneighteenthcenturyliteraryman，asfamousinhisowntimeasinours，shouldhavepublishedhisDictionaryattheverybeginningoftheheydayofthemiddleclass。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Itishighlyappropriatethat”，其中it为形式主语，真正的主语为that引导的主语从句，即“thatDrSamuelJohnson，theverymodelofaneighteenthcenturyliteraryman，asfamousinhisowntimeasinours，shouldhavepublishedhisDictionaryattheverybeginningoftheheydayofthemiddleclass”；在主语从句中“theverymodelofaneighteenthcenturyliteraryman”为DrSamuelJohnson的同
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　　位语，“asfamousinhisowntimeasinours”为DrSamuelJohnson的定语。
　　5。Hisapproachtotheproblemsthathadworriedwritersthroughoutthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieswasintenselypractical。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Hisapproachtotheproblemswasintenselypractical”；“thathadworriedwritersthroughoutthelateseventeenthandearlyeighteenthcenturies”为定语从句，做theproblems的定语，关系词为that。
　　6。Hewastobepaid1，575ininstallments，andfromthishetookmoneytorent17GoughSquare，inwhichhesetuphis‘。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句为并列句，“Hewastobepaid1，575ininstallments”和“fromthishetookmoneytorent17GoughSquare，inwhichhesetuphis‘。”并列，由and连接；“inwhichhesetuphis‘。”为定语从句，做17GoughSquare的定语，关系词为which。
　　7。JamesBoswell，hisbiographer，describedthegarretwhereJohnsonworkedas‘withalongdeskrunningdownthemiddleatwhichthecopyingclerkswouldworkstandingup。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句主句为“JamesBoswelldescribedthegarretas‘withalongdesk。”；“hisbiographer”为JamesBoswell的同位语；“whereJohnsonworked”为定语从句，做thegarret的定语，关系词为“runningdownthemiddle”为现在分词短语做定语，做alongdesk的定语；“atwhichthecopyingclerkswouldworkstandingup”为定语从句，做longdesk的定语，关系词为which。
　　8。Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants，twoofwhomdiedwhilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句主句为“Hewasalsohelpedbysixassistants”；“twoofwhomdiedwhilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation”为定语从句，做sixassistants的定语，关系词为在定语从句中，“whilstthedictionarywasstillinpreparation”为whilst引导的时间状语从句。
　　9。ThefactthatJohnsonhadtakenontheAcademiesofEuropeandmatchedthem（everyoneknewthatfortyFrenchacademicshadtakenforty
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　　yearstoproducethefirstFrenchnationaldictionary）wascauseformuchEnglishcelebration。（剑5，Test1passage1）
　　分析：本句的主句为“ThefactwascauseformuchEnglishcelebration”；“thatJohnsonhadtakenontheAcademiesofEuropeandmatchedthem”为that引导的同位语从句，做Thefact的同位语；括号中部分起到解释说明的作用。
　　10。Afewyearsago，inoneofthemostfascinatinganddisturbingexperimentsinbehaviouralpsychology，StanleyMilgramofYaleUniversitytested40subjectsfromallwalksoflifefortheirwillingnesstoobeyinstructionsgivenbya‘inasituationinwhichthesubjectsnightfeelapersonaldistastefortheactionstheywerecalledupontoperform。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句主句为“StanleyMilgramofYaleUniversitytested40subjectsfromallwalksoflifefortheirwillingnesstoobeyinstructionsgivenbya‘inasituation”；“Afewyearsago，inoneofthemostfascinatinganddisturbingexperimentsinbehaviouralpsychology”为状语；“inwhichthesubjectsnightfeelapersonaldistastefortheactionstheywerecalledupontoperform”为定语从句，做asituation的定语，关系词为which，其中“theywerecalledupontoperform”也为定语从句，做theactions的定语，关系词在该定语从句中做宾语，因此被省掉。
　　11。Milgramtoldeachvolunteer‘thattheexperimentwasinthenoblecauseofeducation，sabilitytolearn。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Milgramtoldeachvolunteer‘that”；“thattheexperimentwasinthenoblecauseofeducation，sabilitytolearn。”为宾语从句，做动词told的宾语；“sabilitytolearn”为whether引导的宾语从句，做test的宾语。
　　12。Theteachersubjectwastoldthatwheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion，ashockwastobeadministered，beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Theteachersubjectwastoldthat”；“thatwheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion，ashockwastobeadministered，beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseverity
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　　witheachsuccessivewronganswer”为that引导的宾语从句，做tell的宾语；在该宾语从句中“ashockwastobeadministered”为主句，而“wheneverthepupilgavethewronganswertoaquestion”为whenever引导的时间装语从句，在该宾语从句中做时间状语，“beginningatthelowestlevelandincreasinginseveritywitheachsuccessivewronganswer”为现在分词短语做状语，在该宾语从句中做伴随状语。
　　13。Milgramtoldtheteachersubjecttoignorethereactionsofthepupil，andtoadministerwhateverlevelofshockwascalledfor，aspertherulegoverningtheexperimentalsituationofthemoment。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Milgramtoldtheteachersubjecttoignorethereactionsofthepupil，andtoadministerwhateverlevelofshockwascalledfor”；其中“whateverlevelofshockwascalledfor”为whatever引导的宾语从句，做administer的宾语；asper为介词短语，意为依据，根据；“governingtheexperimentalsituationofthemoment”为现在分词短语作定语，做therule的定语。
　　14。Astheexperimentunfolded，thepupilwoulddefinitelygivethewronganswerstoquestionsposedbytheteacher，therebybringingonvariouselectricalpunishments，evenuptothedangerlevelof300voltsandbeyond。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句主句“thepupilwoulddefinitelygivethewronganswerstoquestions”；“Astheexperimentunfolded”为As引导的时间状语从句，做该主句的时间状语；“posedbytheteacher”为过去分词短语作定语，做questions的定语；“bringingonvariouselectricalpunishments，evenuptothedangerlevelof300voltsandbeyond”为现在分词短语作状语，做主句的伴随状语。
　　15。Inthesesituations，Mscriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Milgramcalmlyexplainedthat”；“scriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment”为that引导的宾语从句，做explain的宾语；在该宾语从句中“scriesformercyandcarryontheexperiment”为不定式做表语。
　　16Ifthesubjectwasstillreluctanttoproceed，Milgramsaidthatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend。（剑5，Test1passage2）
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　　分析：本句的主句为“Milgramsaidthat”；“Ifthesubjectwasstillreluctanttoproceed”为If引导的条件状语从句；“thatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend。”为that引导的宾语从句，做said的宾语；在该宾语从句“thatitwasimportantforthesakeoftheexperimentthattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend。”中，it为形式主语，“thattheprocedurebefollowedthroughtotheend”为that引导的主语从句，是该宾语从句真正的主语。
　　17。WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscoverwasthenumberofteachersubjectswhowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestlevelsofshock，eveninthefaceofstrongpersonalandmoralrevulsionagainsttherulesandconditionsoftheexperiment。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为“WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscoverwasthenumberofteachersubjects”；“WhatMilgramwastryingtodiscover”为What引导的主语从句；“whowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestlevelsofshock，eveninthefaceofstrongpersonalandmoralrevulsionagainsttherulesandconditionsoftheexperiment。”为定语从句，做teachersubjects的定语，关系词为who。
　　18。Priortocarryingouttheexperiment，Milgramexplainedhisideatoagroupof39psychiatristsandaskedthemtopredicttheaveragepercentageofpeopleinanordinarypopulationwhowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestshocklevelof450volts。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句的主句为“Milgramexplainedhisideatoagroupof39psychiatristsandaskedthemtopredicttheaveragepercentageofpeopleinanordinarypopulation。”；“Priortocarryingouttheexperiment”为时间状语，priorto相当于“whowouldbewillingtoadministerthehighestshocklevelof450volts。”为定语从句，做anordinarypopulation的定语，关系词为who。
　　19。Theoverwhelmingconsensuswasthatvirtuallyalltheteachersubjectswouldrefusetoobeytheexperimenter。（剑5，Test1passage2）
　　分析：本句主句为“Theoverwhelmingconsensuswasthat”；“thatvirtuallyalltheteachersubjectswouldrefusetoobeytheexperimenter”为表语从句，做was的表语。
　　20。Thepsychiatristsfeltthat‘mostsubjectswouldgobeyond150andtheyfurtheranticipatedthatonlyfourpercentwouldgoupto300volts。（剑5，Test1passage2）
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