source：digest。bps。org。uk 欲翻译的小伙伴，可评论领稿，并把完成的译文贴在评论处或发在自己的心理圈内。谢谢 Forover15yearsnow，I’vefaithfullykeptadiary。Everynight，fromage11untilmysenioryearofuniversity，Isnuggledintomybedsheetsandrehashedtheday’seventsbeforenoddingofftosleep。EventhoughI’mmorelikelytoscribbledownmythoughtsjustonceortwiceaweeknowadays，I’vefoundthatwritinginadiarybeforebedisafunwaytocapturemymemoriesnomatterhowfrivoloustoenjoyagainyearsdowntheroad。 Nowanewstudy，publishedrecentlyinTheQuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychology，suggeststhatmynightlyroutinemighthelpwithsomethingelse：beingabletorecallaspecificday’seventsfrommemoryweekslater。Importantly，however，ImaybeatagreateradvantagethansomediaristsbecauseItypicallywriteinmydiaryjustbeforehittingthepillow，insteadofwaitinguntilthenextmorning。 CognitivepsychologistgnesSzllsiandhercolleagueswereinterestedinexploringhowautobiographicalmemories，orpersonalmemoriesofone’slifeexperiences，canbeinfluencedbythetimeatwhichthey’rerecordedandconsolidated。Becauseit’sknownthatsleephasabeneficialeffectonlearningandlongtermmemoryformation，theauthorshypothesisedthatpeoplewhorecordedtheday’seventsintheeveningjustbeforebedwouldrecallmoreevents30dayslaterthanthosewhochronicledtheirdaythenextmorning。 Totestthis，Szllsiandhercolleaguesrecruited109youngadultsbetweentheagesof18and25tokeepawrittendiaryonline。Theagerangewaspurposelynarrowtocontrolforcircadianeffects，asyoungpeopletendtoperformbetterattasksintheeveningthanolderadults。 Theparticipantsweredividedintothreegroups：thosewhorecordedtheirnotesintheevening，justbeforebed，aboutaneventthattheyhadexperiencedearlierthatsameday（Group1）；thosewhorecordedinthemorning，rightafterwaking，aneventfromthepreviousday（Group2）；andthosewhorecordedintheevening，justbeforebed，aneventfromthepreviousday（Group3）。Inadditiontokeepingtheirdiaryforfiveconsecutivedays，participantsalsoratedthepersonalimportanceoftheeventsthey’dwrittenabout（onascaleof1to5），thedurationoftheevents，andtheamountofsleepthey’dhadthenightbefore。 Thirtydayslater，allparticipantswereinstructedtodescribeasmanyofthepreviouslyrecordedeventsastheycould，andhowcertaintheywereabouttheirrecollections（onascaleof1to5）。“Recallrate”wasthencalculatedasthepercentageofrecalledeventsoutofthoserecordedinitiallyintheonlinediary。 Importantly，therewerenodifferencesbetweenthegroupsinthewaythattheykepttheirdiaries：thenumberofrecordedevents，thelengthofdescriptions（wordcount），ratingsofpersonalimportance，anddurationoftheevents，werethesameforallthreegroups。Norwerethereanygroupdifferencesintheamountoftimetheparticipantsreportedsleeping。 Andyet，recallratewasnearly10percentlowerinGroup2theseweretheparticipantswhochronicledthepreviousday’seventsinthemorningafterawakeningcomparedtothetwoeveninggroups。Despitedifferencesinhowthegroupsperformed，however，thethreegroupsscoredsimilarlyinratingsofcertaintyinotherwords，theeveningdiaristsdidn’tseemtoknowtheirmemoriesweremoreaccurate。Also，theeveningbenefitappliedtoalleventmemoriesequally，regardlessoftheirpersonalsignificance。 Theresearchersconcludedthatthetimeofmemoryreactivation（inthiscase，thetimeatwhichaneventisdescribedinadiary）affectshowthememoriesarereconsolidated。Butwhy？Szllsiandhercolleaguessuggestthatwhenamemoryisinan“uns”form（whichiswhathappensafterreactivationinthiscase，afterwritingaboutaneventinadiary），it’svulnerabletointerference。Whenparticipantswroteintheirdiaryinthemorning，interferingeventsthattookplacelaterinthedaycoulddisrupttheconsolidationprocess。However，whendonerightbeforebedwhetheronthedayoftheeventoreven24hourslatersleepmayworktorestabiliseandconsolidatethesememories。 Toexaminethishypothesisfurtherandgiventheeffectofageoncircadianpreferenceitwouldbeinterestingtorerunthisexperimentinolderadults，astheytendtoperformbetteronmemoryandcognitivetasksinthemorningcomparedtoyoungadults。 Thenewresultsmightbeusefulifyou’reconsideringusingadailydiaryasawaytokeephappymemoriesalivesuchasonholiday，say，orchartingaspecialperiodinyourchild’sdevelopment。Byrecordingyourreflectionsintheeveningratherthanthemorning，you’llbecarvingthememoriesdeeperinyourownmind。 However，myownmotivesaredifferentI’llkeepupmydiaryhabitmostlybecauseI’meagertoseehow50yearoldJordanwilleventuallyinterpretthemindof11，18，and25yearoldJordans。 References Szllsi，A。，Keresztes，A。，Conway，M。，Racsmny，M。（2015）。Adiaryafterdinner：HowthetimeofeventrecordinginfluenceslateraccessibilityofdiaryeventsTheQuarterlyJournalofExperimentalPsychology，16DOI：10。108017470218。2015。1058403
对婚姻的想入非非如何调整平淡的婚姻美满婚姻的八颗棋子让婚后永不出轨的七年计划自由婚姻不一定幸福“亚婚姻”九种状态写真“周末夫妻”大批判恋人之间如何保持吸引力恋爱的男士心病有谁知你给婚姻加了多少醋？减轻压力的十种简易方法爱的新装备“无性”情人