天然大脑抗衰剂迷迭香和留兰香的天然提取物

　　天然大脑抗衰剂——迷迭香和留兰香的天然提取物
　　【文献解读】
　　2016年10月，美国圣路易斯大学和肯塔基大学的研究团队在期刊《Physiology & Behavior》上发表了关于鼠尾草酸和迷迭香酸植物提取物对SAMP8小鼠学习记忆的影响的文章。结果表明，从迷迭香和留兰香中提取的天然产物鼠尾草酸和迷迭香酸，有助于预防衰老小鼠模型相关的学习和记忆障碍。
　　本试验以9月龄的小鼠为模式生物，每天分别服用迷迭香提取物（鼠尾草酸）和留兰香提取物（迷迭香酸）。90天后，作为实验测试。服用迷迭香提取物的小鼠，改善小鼠在T迷宫足部电击、物体识别和杠杆按压中的获取和保持能力。留兰香提取物改善了T-迷宫中的获取和保持能力，避免了脚部电击和物体识别。结果表明，留兰香和迷迭香提取物对小鼠的学习记忆和脑组织氧化标记物有有益的影响。
　　注：含60%鼠尾草酸的迷迭香提取物对T-maze足部避震的影响
　　本试验在由于加速衰老而导致认知衰退的小鼠模型中发现，迷迭香提取物或留兰香提取物给药后，小鼠显示出预防认知衰退的作用。这些结果表明，迷迭香提取物和留兰提取物是治疗年龄相关性认知减退的潜在自然营养干预措施。
　　【文献节选】
　　current study evaluated effects of two proprietary antioxidant-based ingredients, rosemary extract and spearmint extract containing carnosic acid and rosmarinic acid, respectively, on learning and memory in the SAMP8 mouse model of accelerated aging. The two rosemary extracts contained carnosic acid (60% or 10% carnosic acid) and one spearmint extract contained 5% rosmarinic acid. Three doses of actives in each extract were tested: 32, 16, 1.6 or 0 mg/kg. After 90 days of treatment mice were tested in T-maze foot shock avoidance, object recognition and lever press. Rosemary extract containing 60% carnosic acid improved acquisition and retention in T-maze foot shock, object recognition and lever press. Rosemary extract with 10% carnosic acid improved retention in T-maze foot shock avoidance and lever press. Spearmint with 5% rosmarinic acid improved acquisition and retention in T-maze foot shock avoidance and object recognition. 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) was reduced in the brain cortex after treatment with all three extracts (P b 0.001) compared to the vehicle treated SAMP8. Protein carbonyls were reduced in the hippocampus after administration of rosemary with 10% carnosic acid (P b 0.05) and spearmint containing 5% rosmarinic acid (Pb 0.001). The current results indicate that the extracts from spearmint and rosemary have beneficial effects on learning and memory and brain tissue markers of oxidation that occur with age in SAMP8 mice.