龙腾网英国警告称，它对气候混乱没有准备

　　正文翻译
　　UK warned it is unprepared for climate chaos
　　-The UK is woefully unprepared to deal with changes occurring to the climate, government advisers say.
　　英国警告称，它对气候混乱没有准备
　　——政府顾问表示，英国在应对气候变化方面毫无准备。
　　(Expect more of this: extreme weather will put infrastructure under pressure)
　　（预计会看到更多这种情况：极端天气将给基础设施带来压力）
　　新闻：
　　A report by the independent Climate Change Committee predicts warming will hit the UK harder than first thought.
　　独立的气候变化委员会的一份报告预测，气候变暖对英国的打击将比预想的更严重。
　　It says homes, infrastructure and services must be made resilient to floods, heat and humid nights.
　　报告说，必须使房屋、基础设施和服务能够抵御洪水、炎热和潮湿的夜晚。
　　The authors of the report on adaptation, or ＂climate-proofing＂, warn that global warming can cause damage running into tens of billions of pounds over short periods - and they say they＂re frustrated at the lack of government action.
　　这份关于适应气候变化或＂气候保护＂的报告的作者们警告说，全球变暖可能在短期内造成高达数百亿英镑的损失——他们说，他们对政府缺乏行动感到失望。
　　The committee, also known as the CCC, says the UK is even worse prepared than it was five years ago, at the time of its last report on the risks of climate change.
　　该委员会也被称为CCC，它说英国的准备甚至比五年前更差——当时它作了关于气候变化风险的上一份报告。
　　The CCC is an independent group of experts set up to provide the government with advice on the climate crisis.
　　CCC是一个独立的专家小组，专门为政府提供气候危机方面的建议。
　　The chairwoman of the CCC＂s sub-committee on adaptation, Baroness Brown, said ministers appeared to be deterred from taking action by the upfront costs of protecting infrastructure. This is because the benefits sometimes are not seen for several years.
　　气候变化委员会适应小组委员会主席布朗男爵夫人说，大臣们似乎被保护基础设施的前期成本吓得不敢采取行动。这是因为这些好处有时好几年都看不到。
　　The government must re-wet 100% of upland peat moors urgently, the report says.
　　该报告称，政府必须立即重新润湿100%的高地泥炭沼泽。
　　Supply chains
　　Climate change will place pressure on our increasingly connected world and the effects can take us by surprise. For example, about 10 years ago, flooding in Thailand caused a global shortage of computer hard drives.
　　供应链
　　气候变化将给我们日益紧密联系的世界带来压力，其影响可能会让我们措手不及。例如，大约10年前，泰国的洪水导致全球电脑硬盘驱动器短缺。
　　The committee says a heating climate will bring some opportunities for the UK - such as the ability to grow different crops, a longer growing season that will benefit farmers and fewer winter deaths from cold - but it says these are massively outweighed by the risks.
　　该委员会表示，不断变暖的气候将为英国带来一些机遇，比如能够种植不同的作物，更长的生长季节将有利于农民，以及减少冬季因寒冷而死亡的人数。但该委员会表示，这些机遇远远超过了风险。
　　The committee＂s chief executive, Chris Stark, said CCC members were so frustrated with the lack of progress on climate-proofing the UK that they deliberately made this report ＂spiky＂.
　　该委员会的首席执行官克里斯·斯塔克表示，气候变化委员会成员对英国在应对气候变化方面缺乏进展感到非常失望，以至于他们故意让这份报告显得＂尖锐＂。
　　While the world could warm by an average of 4C by 2100, the report say the UK government＂s plans are inadequate to cope even with a 2C temperature rise.
　　报告称，尽管到2100年全球平均气温可能上升4摄氏度，但英国政府的计划甚至不足以应对2摄氏度的气温上升。
　　Ministers must factor climate change more into policy-making, the committee says.
　　该委员会说，大臣们必须在决策中更多地考虑气候变化因素。
　　The report foresees a potential ＂cascade＂ of problems from extreme weather, in which different risks combine.
　　该报告预测了极端天气可能引发的一系列问题，在这些问题中，不同的风险结合在一起。
　　These might include heatwaves and floods leading to IT failures and problems with sewage, water, power and transport.
　　这可能包括导致IT故障的热浪和洪水，以及污水、水、电力和交通问题。
　　Climate-proofing: What you can do
　　气候防护：你能做什么
　　Kathryn Brown, head of adaptation at the CCC, has planted creepers to shade her walls. She recommends that home owners - especially in south-east England - should also fit window shutters to keep the sun off the glass.
　　气候变化中心的适应性主任凯瑟琳·布朗种植了攀缘植物来遮蔽她的墙壁。她建议房主——尤其是英格兰东南部的房主——也应该安装百叶窗来遮挡阳光。
　　She also recommends people plant trees to help shade buildings, and avoid paving over gardens because the slabs can absorb heat.
　　她还建议人们植树为建筑物遮阳，避免在花园上铺路，因为石板会吸收热量。
　　She insists the government must help ensure that people in flats are protected from heatwaves, by improving ventilation and shading. Developers could improve shading by building in architectural features that shield homes from the sun＂s rays.
　　她坚持认为政府必须通过改善通风和遮阳来确保住在公寓里的人们免受热浪侵袭。开发商可以通过在建筑中添加遮阳功能来改善遮阳效果。
　　Kathryn Brown says people can do more to prepare for floods by signing up to free flood warnings, and looking at options for flood protection, such as door guards.
　　凯瑟琳·布朗表示，人们可以通过签署免费的洪水预警，并寻找防洪选项，比如安装门警装置，来为防范洪水做更多准备。
　　The document is based on a huge review of the scientific literature by 450 experts from 130 organisations.
　　该文件基于130个组织的450位专家对科学文献的大量审阅。
　　One of the lead authors was Prof Dame Julia Slingo, former chief scientist at the UK Met Office in Exeter. She told BBC News: ＂Things are worse than we have anticipated.＂
　　研究报告的主要作者之一是前英国气象局首席科学家朱莉娅·斯林戈教授。她告诉BBC新闻：＂事情比我们预想的还要糟糕。＂
　　Downpours that dump 20mm of water in an hour will become twice as frequent as previously projected. Winter extreme rainfall could be up to 40% more intense.
　　Surface water flooding will become a serious hazard as drains overflow during these rainstorms.
　　一小时内倾泻20毫米水的暴雨将是之前预测的两倍。冬季极端降雨的强度可能会增加40%。在暴雨期间，下水道会溢出，地表水将会成为严重的危险。
　　＂I can＂t concentrate in my sweltering flat＂
　　By Chris Wimpress - BBC News
　　＂在闷热的公寓里我无法集中注意力＂
　　——克里斯·维普瑞思——BBC新闻
　　Most nights when I＂ve come home from work this week, the temperature in my flat has been hovering around 30C. I＂ve got ceiling fans in the living room, and in the bedroom I＂ve got a desk fan and a cooling unit. Even so, sleeping at night this week has been difficult and I＂ve been going to work tired and tetchy.
　　这周的大多数晚上，当我下班回家时，我公寓的温度一直徘徊在30摄氏度左右。客厅里有吊扇，卧室里有台电扇和制冷装置。即便如此，这周晚上睡觉还是很困难，我一直都是带着疲惫和暴躁去上班。
　　Until a couple of years ago, my flat was mostly in shade owing to a large office block opposite. But that building was demolished and now, on sunny days, my west-facing flat is bathed in sunshine for up to eight hours each day.
　　直到几年前，我的公寓都是在阴凉处，因为对面是一座大办公大楼。但那栋建筑已被拆除，现在，在阳光明媚的日子里，我那朝西的公寓每天都能沐浴在阳光下长达八小时。
　　Like a lot of people, I have worked from home quite a lot in the past year or so. There have been afternoons when I＂ve sat on video calls dripping with sweat, struggling to concentrate and thinking I really ought to find somewhere else to live. So far, we＂ve had about two weeks of hot weather in London this summer, and it＂s only the middle of June.
　　和很多人一样，在过去的一年里，我有相当多的时间在家工作。有那么几个下午，我坐着接视频电话，汗流浃背，难以集中精神，并认为我真的应该换个地方住。到目前为止，今年夏天伦敦已经持续了大约两周的炎热天气，而现在才6月中旬。
　　A government spokesman said action to adapt to climate change was ＂integrated＂ across different government departments.
　　一位政府发言人表示，适应气候变化的行动是由不同的政府部门＂整合＂的。
　　He added: ＂The UK was the first major world economy to set a target of net zero greenhouse gas emissions by 2050. Our plan to further reduce emissions in 2035 by at least 78% compared to 1990 levels is the highest reduction target by a major economy to date.
　　他补充说：＂英国是世界上第一个设定到2050年温室气体净零排放目标的主要经济体。我们计划到2035年在1990年的基础上进一步减少78%以上的排放，这是迄今为止主要经济体制定的最高减排目标。
　　＂We welcome this report and will consider its recommendations closely as we continue to demonstrate global leadership on climate change ahead of COP26 (the climate summit to be held in Glasgow) in November.＂
　　＂我们欢迎这份报告，并将密切考虑其建议，因为我们将在11月格拉斯哥举行的COP26（气候峰会）之前继续展示我们全球在气候变化方面的领导力。＂
　　评论翻译
　　WolfThawraLondon (ex Cambridgeshire)
　　The point of government is literally to do things that are in the interest of society. Reducing meat consumption definitely is, btw even apart from the impact on climate change, e.g. just for health reasons. With regards to driving, government has even a significantly higher impact on people＂s behaviour. There are absolutely things that could have been done, and things that still can be done.
　　Hoping for inpiduals to just do the right thing spontaneously is what has been done instead, and look where it＂s gotten us.
　　从字面上讲，政府的意义在于做有益于社会的事情。减少肉类消费肯定是之一，顺便说一句，即使不考虑对气候变化的影响，例如，只是出于健康原因，也是。在驾驶方面，政府甚至对人们的行为有更大的影响。绝对有一些事情是本可以做到的，还有一些事情是现在也可以做到的。
　　然而希望人们自发地做正确的事情是已经尝试过的事情，但是看看它给我们带来了什么（什么也没有）。
　　StanStanlinson
　　It＂s not about hoping for inpiduals to do the right thing. It＂s about considering what impact we can realistically make as inpiduals within our lifetimes. Unless you dedicate your life to working towards mitigating the crisis, you are very limited as to what you can achieve. However we still have potential, regardless of how small it may be. We may only be able to change our lifestyle and influence the lifestyles of a couple of friends over the course of our life, but even something is better than nothing. The way I see it, if we expect others to make changes to their lifestyles then we must be the first to do so. Blaming people for not doing enough while we still have far more to be doing doesn＂t seem morally correct. Any time spent blaming others could be spent productively on making a positive contribution towards the crisis. It could be spent inspiring others. It＂s also important to remember that we can＂t expect others to be perfect, nor can we expect the government to always act in the public＂s best interest. These things are just not realistic, and this is a situation which calls upon us to be realistic, not idealistic.
　　这不是希望个人做正确的事。它是关于考虑我们作为个体在我们的一生中可以实际地产生什么样的影响。除非你把你的一生都致力于减轻危机，否则你能取得的成就是非常有限的。然而，我们仍然有潜力，不管它有多小。在我们的一生中，我们可能只能改变我们的生活方式，影响几个朋友的生活方式，但即使有一些也比没有好。在我看来，如果我们希望别人改变他们的生活方式，那么我们必须是第一个这么做的人。在我们还有很多事情要做的时候，却责怪别人做得不够，这在道德上似乎是不正确的。任何用来指责他人的时间，都可以用来对危机作出积极贡献。它可以用来鼓舞他人。同样重要的是要记住，我们不能指望别人是完美的，我们也不能指望政府总是以公众的最佳利益来行事。这些都是不现实的，这种情况要求我们要现实，而不是理想主义。
　　edgeofsanity76
　　The world has to be pretty much carbon nuetral by 2050. That is a big ask.
　　However, even China has signed up on this and that is a good thing. Because actually, we do need autocratic societies to just get on with whats needed, without debate. This kind of falls into their way of thinking, proving that they are better than the rest of the world at tackling issues like this.
　　到2050年，世界必须达到碳中和。这是一个很大的要求。
　　然而，就连中国也签署了这一协议，这是一件好事。因为实际上，我们确实需要集权型的社会来满足我们的需求，消除任何争议。这符合他们的思维方式，证明他们比世界上其他国家更擅长解决这类问题。
　　bahumat42Berkshire
　　I mean I see a lot of countries agreeing to things, but very little in the way of substantive change.
　　我想说，我看到很多国家都同意，但很少有实质性的改变。
　　3dPrintedZoidberg
　　No country is prepared. Climatologists are predicting at least several hundred million climate refugees by the end of the century, & maybe as many as a billion.
　　If something like half a million refugees is enough to spark reactionary politics at the scale of Brexit, what＂s 100 million gonna do?
　　The trend line for annual increase of global CO2 emissions due to fossil fuels & land use change hasn＂t budged one bit. It＂s still accelerating at 1.65% compounding per year.
　　Without extremely radical global reform, the latter half of this century is likely to see cruelty & destruction the scale of which our species has not yet encountered.
　　没有一个国家准备好了。气候学家预测，到本世纪末，至少会有数亿气候难民，甚至可能多达10亿。
　　如果50万难民就足以引发脱欧规模的反动政治，那么1亿人又能做什么呢？
　　由于化石燃料和土地利用的变化，全球二氧化碳排放量的年增长趋势没有丝毫变化。它仍然以每年1.65%的速度加速。
　　如果没有极端激进的全球改革，本世纪下半叶可能会看到我们人类从未遇到过的残酷和破坏。
　　FloppyPianist
　　Until politicians start talking about ending the pursuit of infinite growth and going for a managed decline of the population, they aren＂t serious about tackling this.
　　We can plant trees, we can buy electric cars, we can be more energy efficient, but as long as we keep building more homes and infrastructure because growth demands it, we＂re not achieving anything.
　　Another awkward truth capitalism will never allow to be addressed is that much of the industry that contributes carbon and plastic to the environment is completely unnecessary. We＂ve gone beyond the point where multi-national corporations should have an automatic right to produce Coca-Cola, or plastic tubs of chocolates wrapped in plastic. And all the carbon that＂s involved in sustaining that completely unnecessary and destructive industry.
　　除非政治家们开始谈论结束对无限增长的追求，转而寻求人口的可控下降，否则他们不会认真对待这个问题。
　　我们可以种树，我们可以买电动汽车，我们可以提高能源效率，但只要我们继续建造更多的住房和基础设施，因为经济增长需要这些，我们就不会取得任何（减排）成就。
　　资本主义永远不会允许解决气候问题的另一个尴尬的事实是，许多向环境排放碳和塑料的行业是完全不必要的。我们已经过了跨国公司应该自动拥有生产可口可乐或塑料包装巧克力的权利。所有排放的碳都参与了维持这个完全不必要的、具有破坏性的产业。
　　The-Smelliest-CatScottish Highlands
　　I actually don＂t think we have any chance.
　　People don＂t care enough to make the required changes in their lives. Going vegetarian, no longer going on holidays, giving up the car. All hugely negative lifestyle changes to solve an issue which is going to have a minimal impact in our lifetimes.
　　As for governments and businesses, why would they give up substantial amounts of money and profit right now to become more climate friendly? The people benefitting from it right now aren＂t going to be alive in 80 years time, what do they care.
　　I think those of us in our 20s are just about the last generation who should be having children. Because people living beyond 2100 are going to be in a heap of trouble.
　　Humanity is only really good at coming together to fight active threats, like in this pandemic. Coming together to fight a future threat, which many don＂t even believe is real, isn＂t going to happen
　　我觉得我们已经没机会了。
　　人们对生活不够关心，不会做出必要的改变。吃素，不再去度假，放弃开车。所有巨大的负面生活方式的改变都是为了解决一个对我们一生影响最小的问题。
　　至于政府和企业，他们为什么要放弃大量的金钱和利润，现在变得更气候友好？反正现在受益的人不会活到80年后，他们在乎什么。
　　我认为我们这些20多岁的人是应该要孩子的最后一代。因为活到2100年以后的人将会有很多麻烦。
　　人类真正擅长的是团结起来对抗眼前的威胁，比如这次大流行。要团结起来对抗未来的威胁——很多人甚至不相信这是真的，是不可能做到的
　　DaveyBeef
　　Wow been warning us since the 60s, still waiting for any change beyond natural progression.
　　哇哦，从60年代就开始警告我们了，却至今还在等待任何自然发展之外的改变。
　　miniature-rugby-ball
　　Everywhere is unprepared for climate chaos, even places where it happens every year.
　　每个地方都对气候混乱没有准备，甚至是那些每年都会发生气候混乱的地方。
　　retrogamereclaim
　　Bullshit, if you live in the UK everyday is a different climate. Scorching hot in the morning a thunderstorm and torrential rain for a week. We are more than prepared.
　　扯淡，如果你住在英国，会发现每天都是不同的气候。早上非常炎热，然后一场雷雨和暴雨持续了一周。我们已经有充分的准备了。
　　jewellman100
　　And to think we were actually supposed to be prepared for a pandemic...
　　并且想一想我们本来预计我们应该已经为应对流行病做好准备了，可结果…