5个有趣的Python脚本

　　Python可以玩的方向有很多，比如爬虫、预测分析、GUI、自动化、图像处理、可视化等等，可能只需要十几行代码就能实现酷炫的功能。
　　因为Python是动态脚本语言，所以代码逻辑比Java要简要很多，实现同样的功能少写很多代码。而且Python生态有众多的第三方工具库，把功能都封装在包里，只需要你调用接口，就能使用复杂的功能。
　　下面举几个简单好玩的脚本例子，初学者可以照着代码写写，能快速掌握python语法。  1、使用PIL、Matplotlib、Numpy对模糊老照片进行修复
　　# encoding=utf-8 import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt from PIL import Image import os.path # 读取图片 img_path = ＂E:test.jpg＂ img = Image.open(img_path)  # 图像转化为numpy数组 img = np.asarray(img) flat = img.flatten()  # 创建函数 def get_histogram(image, bins):     # array with size of bins, set to zeros     histogram = np.zeros(bins)     # loop through pixels and sum up counts of pixels     for pixel in image:         histogram[pixel] += 1     # return our final result     return histogram  # execute our histogram function hist = get_histogram(flat, 256)  # execute the fn cs = np.cumsum(hist)  # numerator & denomenator nj = (cs - cs.min()) * 255 N = cs.max() - cs.min()  # re-normalize the cumsum cs = nj / N  # cast it back to uint8 since we can＂t use floating point values in images cs = cs.astype(＂uint8＂)  # get the value from cumulative sum for every index in flat, and set that as img_new img_new = cs[flat]  # put array back into original shape since we flattened it img_new = np.reshape(img_new, img.shape)  # set up side-by-side image display fig = plt.figure() fig.set_figheight(15) fig.set_figwidth(15)  # display the real image fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 1) plt.imshow(img, cmap=＂gray＂) plt.title(＂Image ＂Before＂ Contrast Adjustment＂)  # display the new image fig.add_subplot(1, 2, 2) plt.imshow(img_new, cmap=＂gray＂) plt.title(＂Image ＂After＂ Contrast Adjustment＂) filename = os.path.basename(img_path)  # plt.savefig(＂E:＂ + filename) plt.show() 2、将文件批量压缩，使用zipfile库import os import zipfile from random import randrange   def zip_dir(path, zip_handler):     for root, dirs, files in os.walk(path):         for file in files:             zip_handler.write(os.path.join(root, file))   if __name__ == ＂__main__＂:     to_zip = input(＂＂＂ Enter the name of the folder you want to zip (N.B.: The folder name should not contain blank spaces) > ＂＂＂)     to_zip = to_zip.strip() + ＂/＂     zip_file_name = f＂zip{randrange(0,10000)}.zip＂     zip_file = zipfile.ZipFile(zip_file_name, ＂w＂, zipfile.ZIP_DEFLATED)     zip_dir(to_zip, zip_file)     zip_file.close()     print(f＂File Saved as {zip_file_name}＂) 3、使用tkinter制作计算器GUI
　　tkinter是python自带的GUI库，适合初学者练手创建小软件
　　import tkinter as tk  root = tk.Tk()  # Main box window root.title(＂Standard Calculator＂)  # Title shown at the title bar root.resizable(0, 0)  # disabling the resizeing of the window  # Creating an entry field: e = tk.Entry(root,              width=35,              bg=＂#f0ffff＂,              fg=＂black＂,              borderwidth=5,              justify=＂right＂,              font=＂Calibri 15＂) e.grid(row=0, column=0, columnspan=3, padx=12, pady=12)   def buttonClick(num):  # function for clicking     temp = e.get(     )  # temporary varibale to store the current input in the screen     e.delete(0, tk.END)  # clearing the screen from index 0 to END     e.insert(0, temp + num)  # inserting the incoming number input   def buttonClear():  # function for clearing     e.delete(0, tk.END)  # 代码过长，部分略 4、PDF转换为Word文件
　　使用pdf2docx库，可以将PDF文件转为Word格式
　　from pdf2docx import Converter import os  import sys  # Take PDF＂s path as input  pdf = input(＂Enter the path to your file: ＂) assert os.path.exists(pdf), ＂File not found at, ＂+str(pdf) f = open(pdf,＂r+＂)  #Ask for custom name for the word doc doc_name_choice = input(＂Do you want to give a custom name to your file ?(Y/N)＂)  if(doc_name_choice == ＂Y＂ or doc_name_choice == ＂y＂):     # User input     doc_name = input(＂Enter the custom name : ＂)+＂.docx＂      else:     # Use the same name as pdf     # Get the file name from the path provided by the user     pdf_name = os.path.basename(pdf)     # Get the name without the extension .pdf     doc_name =  os.path.splitext(pdf_name)[0] + ＂.docx＂       # Convert PDF to Word cv = Converter(pdf)  #Path to the directory path = os.path.dirname(pdf)  cv.convert(os.path.join(path, ＂＂, doc_name) , start=0, end=None) print(＂Word doc created!＂) cv.close() 5、Python自动发送邮件
　　使用smtplib和email库可以实现脚本发送邮件
　　import smtplib import email # 负责构造文本 from email.mime.text import MIMEText # 负责构造图片 from email.mime.image import MIMEImage # 负责将多个对象集合起来 from email.mime.multipart import MIMEMultipart from email.header import Header  # SMTP服务器,这里使用163邮箱 mail_host = ＂smtp.163.com＂ # 发件人邮箱 mail_sender = ＂******@163.com＂ # 邮箱授权码,注意这里不是邮箱密码,如何获取邮箱授权码,请看本文最后教程 mail_license = ＂********＂ # 收件人邮箱，可以为多个收件人 mail_receivers = [＂******@qq.com＂,＂******@outlook.com＂]  mm = MIMEMultipart(＂related＂)  # 邮件主题 subject_content = ＂＂＂Python邮件测试＂＂＂ # 设置发送者,注意严格遵守格式,里面邮箱为发件人邮箱 mm[＂From＂] = ＂sender_name<******@163.com>＂ # 设置接受者,注意严格遵守格式,里面邮箱为接受者邮箱 mm[＂To＂] = ＂receiver_1_name<******@qq.com>,receiver_2_name<******@outlook.com>＂ # 设置邮件主题 mm[＂Subject＂] = Header(subject_content,＂utf-8＂)  # 邮件正文内容 body_content = ＂＂＂你好，这是一个测试邮件！＂＂＂ # 构造文本,参数1：正文内容，参数2：文本格式，参数3：编码方式 message_text = MIMEText(body_content,＂plain＂,＂utf-8＂) # 向MIMEMultipart对象中添加文本对象 mm.attach(message_text)  # 二进制读取图片 image_data = open(＂a.jpg＂,＂rb＂) # 设置读取获取的二进制数据 message_image = MIMEImage(image_data.read()) # 关闭刚才打开的文件 image_data.close() # 添加图片文件到邮件信息当中去 mm.attach(message_image)  # 构造附件 atta = MIMEText(open(＂sample.xlsx＂, ＂rb＂).read(), ＂base64＂, ＂utf-8＂) # 设置附件信息 atta[＂Content-Disposition＂] = ＂attachment; filename=＂sample.xlsx＂＂ # 添加附件到邮件信息当中去 mm.attach(atta)  # 创建SMTP对象 stp = smtplib.SMTP() # 设置发件人邮箱的域名和端口，端口地址为25 stp.connect(mail_host, 25)   # set_debuglevel(1)可以打印出和SMTP服务器交互的所有信息 stp.set_debuglevel(1) # 登录邮箱，传递参数1：邮箱地址，参数2：邮箱授权码 stp.login(mail_sender,mail_license) # 发送邮件，传递参数1：发件人邮箱地址，参数2：收件人邮箱地址，参数3：把邮件内容格式改为str stp.sendmail(mail_sender, mail_receivers, mm.as_string()) print(＂邮件发送成功＂) # 关闭SMTP对象 stp.quit() 小结
　　Python还有很多好玩的小脚本，你可以根据自己的场景来编写，也可以使用现成的第三方库。