海丝特与卡米拉爱情观的对比分析

　　Abstract
　　KeyWords
　　Hester；Camilla；love；comparison；feministconsciousness
　　摘要
　　关键词
　　海丝特；卡米拉；爱情；对比；女权主义意识
　　Introduction
　　TheScarletLetterrepresentstheheightofHawthorne’sliterarygenius。ThePuritansettingenablesHawthornetoportraythehumansoulunderextremepressures。HesteristheheroineofHawthorne’sTheScarletLetter。Shemakesthewaytorebellionnotonlyinherthoughtbutalsoinheraction。Asawoman，shealwayswantstofindconsolationandenjoymentfromherhusbandorlover。Sheadmiresandseeksfortheidealmarriage。Hesteriseagertogainbrightnessandfreedom。Butherheartisalwaysfullofcontradictionandgrief。ThepunishmentofPuritanismandhumiliationofthepeoplemakehermerelycrazy。ItisapitythatDimmesdale’scowardiceandPuritanism’srestraintleadherlifetoatragicending。Inasense，asawomansufferingfromspiritsorrow，sheisstillloyaltoDimmesdale。Sheisagoodmodelforthewomenofnewgeneration。Fromher，peoplecanknowabouttheintrinsicmeaningoftruelove。
　　Camilla，asacontroversialPrincess，livesinModernEnglishroyalfamily。BycomparisonwithHester，sheisalsoarebelliouswomantofightagainsttheroyalfamilyandthepublic。CamillaisolderthanCharlesandaporcedwoman，whichmakesitdifficultforthemtomarry。Buttheintenselovebetweenthemhasspanneddecades。ItisatalethathasreachedalmostShakespearianheightsofpassion，miseryandbetrayal。Theirmarriagethruststhembackintothespotlightwhichexamineshowtheyarekeptapartbytheroyalfamily。ButwhenthemarriagebetweenCharlesandDianaends，Camillaisregardedasavillainbythepress。
　　BothHesterandCamillaarerebels，strugglingagainstthelovelessmarriages。Thispapermainlyanalyzestheirviewsoflovebycomparison，fromtheaspectsoftheirdifferentbackgrounds，characters，rebelliousspirits，viewsofloveandresults。Fromtheirviewsoflove，peoplecanknowthereasonstoresultintheirdifferentfatesandresults。It’seasytofindthatHester’sthoughtisfullofreligiousmistrialatmosphereandfatalism。Thiskindofreligiousthoughtenvelopsherwholelife。CamillacannotgiveinEnglishroyalfamilyandthepublic。NothingcanshakeherbelieflovesCharlesverymuch。
　　I。TheDifferentBackgroundsofHesterandCamilla
　　Differentbackgroundssignifydifferentfates，justlikeHesterandCamilla。Althoughtheirbackgroundsaresodifferent，theattitudetoseektrueloveisthesamebreakingthroughtraditionalconceptsandsecularprejudicesandseekingtheirtruelove。
　　A。TheInfluenceofPuritanismuponHester’sPoorFate
　　HestertheheroineofNathanielHawthorne’sTheScarletLetter，whovaluesprivateself，pursuingpersonalfreedom，humanitydignity，inpidualrightsandsoon，givesaheavypunchuponpuritansociety。TheletterAfunctionsasherpassportintoreligionswhereotherwomendarenottread。Hesterhasbeenportrayedasanintelligentandcapablewoman。Itistheextraordinarycircumstancesshapingherthatmakeherbecomesuchanimportantfigure。Sheisthemostcontroversialperson。Toaprofoundextent，shesymbolizesarevolution。
　　Asawoman，sheindulgesherself，onbehalfofhumanvulnerabilityandsadness。Forthesecular，shecommitsadultery，butasadevoutpuritan，shehasalsoruncountertothereligiousrules。PearlisjustHesterinminiaturecraze，despair，emotionalresistanceandheadstrongtemperaments。Shehasbeenmarried，butshehasneverloved。WhensheandDimmesdalemakelove，theorgansofsensearewakeningbylove。Shecomestorealizethetruemeaningasawoman。Therefore，sheiseagertoseekhertruelove。Herrebelliousattitudeandcouragefortheworldnotonlyconfessherindulgence，butalsocollectherloveinherheart。Thus，humanandreligiouscontradictionsbecomethefocus。Sheisadevoutpuritaninessence，justbecauseofgreatvitality，makesmistakesandhastosuppressherdesires。DimmesdaleandShedon’tplayfrivolousgame，hercrimeistheresultofhumanity’sextending，whichdoesn’tmeanabandoningreligion，justbecausehumanityandreligiousdoctrineconflict。
　　Thenovelexposescapitalistdevelopment，thebrutalsocialcodes，religiousdeceptionsandmoralhypocrisiesinthenineteenthcenturyera。Hesteriswritteninahighmoralheroineindisguise。ButEnglishtraditionsandprejudicesareengravedontheirminds：weakinnumbers，butstronginspirit。
　　Puritansliveunrealisticlivesthatarehorrifyinglyrigidandthatleadthosetoactdefinitelyontheoutsideoflove。Theyadvocatebeingfaithfulwiththeirrathergloomyoutlookoflife。AlthoughHawthornedoesn’tpersonallyshowtheviewofpuritanlife，theproblemofsinisobviousinhisworks。TheScarletLetterisanAmericanclassicalliterature，apsychologicalmelodramaaboutthecruelandunusualpunishmentoforiginalsincommittedoutoflove。ThenovelsuggeststhatAmericanromanticismadapttoAmericanPuritanism。Thethemeisthatguiltorsinwillbepunishedwhetheryoufaceorhideit。ItputsforwardaquestionthatwhetherHesteradmitshersinornot，andherloveisreallysinful。Thedominantconcerninthenovelisthemoral，emotional，andpsychologicaleffectonthepeopleingeneralandthoseimplicateinitinparticular。PuritanismistheultimatereasonthatinfluencesonHester’swholelife。
　　AmericanPuritanismstressespredestination，originalsin，totaldepravity，andlimitstogainatonementsfromGod’sgrace。ItisbasedontheBiblicalmythoftheGardenofEden。Hester’sadulteryisviewedasathreattothePuritancommunityinwhichshelives。Asisknowntoall，sinandknowledgearelinkedintheJudeoChristiantradition。TheBiblebeginswiththestoryofAdamandEvewhoareexpelledfromtheGardenofEdenforeatingofthefruitofthetreesofthegardenandknowinggoodandevil。Adam’sdegenerationmakespeoplehaveoriginalsins，butitalsogainsGod’sgrace。God’sgracehasdoublestandard，paralleljusticeandcharity，andlovewiththelaw。ThatiswhyPuritanswantsHestertowearA。Namely，weshouldn’tforgetrequirementsofGod’sjusticewhilewegainGod’sgrace。Legalsanctionisnecessary，becauseAdam’sdegenerationhasalreadymaderationalityandemotionbeparted。ThusitlosesGod’sintegrityfaith。Itisdifficultfornovelisttoidentifysomehelplessrelief。HesterandDimmesdale’sstoryislikethestoryofAdamandEve’s。Afterfallinginloveinaninstant，thereisthemythofhumanorigin，andthereisalsoevil。TheexperienceofHesterandDimmesdalerecallsthestoryofAdamandEve，becauseinbothcases，sinresultsinexpulsionandsuffering。Butitalsoresultsinknowledge，especially，inknowledgeofwhatitmeanstobehuman。WhenHawthornechoosesapotentialhumanlovetoexploretheevil，hehasneverlethimselfgetridofconfusionsandcontradictions。
　　AsAdamsaid：Thisisnowboneofmyboneandfleshofmyflesh：sheshallbecalledwoman，becauseshewastakenoutofman。Andtothewomanhesaid：Greatwillbeyourpaininchildbirth；insorrowwillyourchildrencometobirth；stillyourdesirewillbeforyourhusband，buthewillbeyourmaster。（DuanQi，1994，55）。
　　Thisopinionaffectswomen’sstatusinsociety。Religionaggravatestheinequalitiesbetweenmenandwomen，atthesametimeitsupportsmen’sgreatatrocitiestowomen。Itispreciselybecauseofwomensubordinatestatuswhichhasbeendesignatedthattheysufferfromthegenderdiscrimination。Religiousprejudiceandsecularmoralpunishmentletthempayaheavyprice。Whatevertheyareancestralsins，moralsinsorsocialsins，Hawthorne’sworksalldigdeeplyintothedarksidesofhumannatureTheScarletLetterscrutinizesearlyAmericanpuritanicalsocietywhichshowshowrigid，suffocatingandhypocriticalitcouldbe。HesterrebelsagainstthePuritanethicandlongsforreallife，withgenuinewholesomevaluesbasedonlove，notoncontrolling。Namely，sheistheoppositeextremeofthepuritans。
　　B。CondemnFromRoyalFamilyandthePublictowardsCamilla
　　CamillaParkerBowlesisthesecondwifeofBritainsPrinceCharles。Sheisinmodernsociety，butasawoman，shestilldoesn’tcompletelycontrolherlifeandhertruelove。Shedoesn’tstillgetridofthesecular’sprejudicesandchurchpressures。
　　What’smore，theroyalfamilyisarrogant。AcouplebeingseparatedisseenasthemodernversionofRomeoandJuliet。Infrontoftheroyalfamily，historydoesn’tprogress。However，whatisitthatmakesamanloveawomansomuch？Believeitornot，ithaslittletodowithsex，eventhoughthatismorethanlikelyfantastic。Ithastodowithcomfortablefeelingtogether，makingeachotherlaughandplease，andsharingthesameinterestsandhobbies。Ithastodowithcomplementingandconsolationeachother，eachhalfmakingtheotheronewhole，beingsoulmates。Greatsexisabyproductofsucharelationship。Afterall，CharleslovesCamillaverymuch。ThehostilitytowardCharlesandCamilladoesn’tinfluenceontheirrelationship。
　　ThepublichateCamilla，whichdon’tinfluenceCamilla’sstatusinCharles’sheart。However，mostpeoplewhohaveanopinionaboutthefuturekingofGreatBritainareveryantiCamilla。SheseemstobeblamedforthebreakupofCharlesandDiana’smarriage。Sheisperceivedtobeahomewrecker。However，CharleslateradmitsthatheandCamillahasbeenromanticallyinvolved。AfterDianadiedin1997，CamillabecomesCharlesssteadycompanionandpartner，amidmuchpublicchatterabouttheproprietyoftheirbehaviorsandCharlesshouldbecomeking。
　　Meanwhile，infact，thepurposesofCharlesmarryingDianahavenothingtodowithlove。Iflovehappeneditwasincidental。IthastodowithanagingPrincebeingproddedbymothertomarrysothemonarchywouldaroundforfuturegenerations。TobebluntwhatthefuturekingofBritainneedsisavirgin。AndnottoimpugnthecharactersofEnglishwomen，buthotlookingandpoisedvirginsfromtheuppercrustfamiliesaren’texactlyingreatsupply。Avirginbrideistheonlywaytoensuretheroyalgenesarecarriedontothenextgeneration。ThereisalsotheobviousconcernthattheKingorQueenwouldn’tcontractsexuallytransmitteddiseaseslikesyphilis，whichisquitecommonthroughmuchofhumanhistory。Camillafailstoqualifyinthevirginitydepartment。Charleshasspentover30yearsdatingherandhaswantedtomarryher，butsheisoffthelistofroyalmarriagepartnersbecausesheisn’tavirgin。Apparently，thereareconcernsthatherbloodisn’tblueenough。CharlescouldbeafutureKingandmarryaproperBritishvirginorcouldabdicate，marrythewomanheloves。
　　Camilla’sordinaryappearanceandagedon’tseemappropriateforaromanticwoman。Sheisdistortedbythetabloidsendlessly，soshehasbeencastingintothelimelight。Thepublicaredrivenbytheirowndreams，andthinkthatloveshouldbethatwomenhavebeautifulappearance，menshouldhavehandsomelooks。Thepublicallowthatoldmenandyoungwomenhaveromanticlove；themiddleagedmenandladieshaveromanticlove，butlookdownupontheromanticlovethatmenareyoungerthanwomen。Thisdescribesthestatusinequalitybetweenmenandwomen。
　　Aboveall，itisknownthatHesterandCamillaexperiencethesocialunequaltreatments。Theyareeagertobreakthroughtheinequalityandliveahappylife。Theyarethegoodmodelsforthewomeninnewgenerations。
　　II。DifferencesinCharacterbetweenHesterandCamilla
　　Asawhole，HesterandCamillaarebothbravewomenwithstrongcharacteristicsandselfesteems。Fromthem，peopleknowthatwomenareeagertoseekfreedomandhappymarriage，butthesocialpressuresandpatriarchysystemdetaintheirpassivehearts。Aswomenindifferenteras，theyhavesomethingincommonperseveranceandinnercharming。
　　A。Hester’sGuiltyFeelings
　　Hesterisalovelyandimaginativeyounggirlwhensheismarried。Sheneedsbeinglovedandaccompanied，andlongsforarichandcolorfullife。Butherhusbandneverrealizesherfeelingandmakesherentrapintosolitude。SoshefallsinlovewithDimmesdale，fromthenon，plantstheoriginoftheirsubsequentsorrowsandtortures。Accordingtothemoralists，althoughsheisadegradedwoman，hersocalleddegradationshouldbeattributedtohertragicmarriage。Apartfromthat，Puritanismisanothercausetoherpoorfate。TheScripturesdemanddeathforadultery，andthePuritanlawscloselyfollowtheBiblicalpattern。ThePuritanfathersstressfidelityinmarriageandthesacrednessofthefamily。Thus，thelawsbetweenbyHesterandDimmesdalearetheseventhcommandmentofDecalogue，andHester’scrimeofadulterycanonlybepunishedbydeath。InHester’sopinion，eventhoughtheirmarriageendsinafailure，Chillingworthisstillherhusbandanditisimmoraltohaveanintimaterelationshipwithanotherman。Soatanaccidentalsightofherlosthusband，shedaresnottofacehimandisfrightenedtobeaskedabouttheidentityofthebaby’sfather，forsherealizesthatifshetellsthenameofthebaby’sfather，herhusbandmusttakerevengeagainsthim。Thatistosay，Hesterisabraveandcontroversialwoman。Ononehand，shelongsfortheromanticlove。Ontheotherhand，shedaresnotincompletelybetrayherhusband。
　　Sheisasexywomanwithorientalwomen’scharacteristics。Asayoungandbeautifulgirl，butgetmarriedtoaphysiqueabnormalman，shecannotfeelthelove。Afterherhusbanddisappeared，theyoungpastorDimmesdaleintrudesintoherlonelylife。Shefallsinlovewithhim。Toher，manyunsuspectedtendenciesofherimpulsiveandpassionatenaturearerevealedtoher。Theorientalcharacteristicsofhertemperament，herardentloveofbeauty，hernativeenergyandcapacity，suchelementsneedastrongandwisepersontocurbandguidethem，scarcelydisguisedbythelightofherinnocentandwomanlycharm。Hester，asasocialoutcast，findsnoinvitationtorepentanceinthelawthatcrushesher。Theonlyalternativeitoffersherisabjectselfextinction，ordefiance。ManhasmarkedHester’ssinbyaScarletLetter，whichhassuchpotentanddisastrousefficacythatnohumansympathycouldreachher。Althoughshesetsherselfapartfromsociety，shedoesn’thavetheinnocentthatallowshertodoorsayanythingwithoutagoodexcuse。
　　B。Camilla’sConfidence
　　Camillaisasocialitebybirthandbynature，bornintotheEnglishelitecirclein1947，likeothergirlsofherstation，isgroomedforaplaceinsociety。Camillaisathleticandenjoystheoutdoorsandtraditionslikehuntingandfishing。Sheisn’tparticularlyclothesconsciousbutshealwaysexudesasexyconfidenceovermen。Sheneverspendsmuchtimeonherhairorhernailswhicharealwaysratherstubblyandbittenanddirty。ButCamillaisdefinitelyasuccessinhercircle。CharlesandCamillaexperiencealongstandingrelationshipthatcontinuesonandoff。Finally，CharlesismarryingCamilla。
　　Camilladoesn’thavegoodlookingandgraceofthelatePrincessDiana，butonethingisforsure，unliketherelationshipCharleshadwithDiana，CharlestrulylovesCamilla。Notmanyofusarewillingtopursuethesamewomanforover30years。Camillaisablunt，downtoearth，andhumorousperson。Accordingtoherwayofliving，sheisanabsolutelyconfidentwoman。Nomatterwherevershealwaysstandsup，thestrengthofamagnetandinvincibleconfidenceinherappearanceislargelymadeupdisadvantages。Sheisfulloffuninherlife。Whereversheisin，sheisconfidentinherself。Sheiswillingtohelpothers，anddeeplylovesCharles。Herfearlesscharacterseemsanythinggoeswithoutsayingthatshecouldnotyieldanything。Sheispregnantwithapotentialitywhichmayburstoutatanytime。Inhergeneration，afewpeoplearelikeCamilla。Sheisbold，blunt，butisdifferentfromtheotherwomenatherperiod。Sheleavesprofoundimpressionsonmanypeople，suchas：confidence，dignity，pride，senseofsecurity，asenseoftrust，treatseachotherasequals。
　　III。RebelliousSpirits
　　A。Hester’sThreeMainRebellions
　　1。InsistenceontheGuardianshipoverPearl
　　Hesterhasneverabandonedtheconsiderationforfreedominherlonelylife。Shechangesherselffromapassionateandemotionalwomanintoathoughtfulwoman。Shecommitsacrime，butherhonestattituderelativetothemaleimagesofhypocrisyinthenovelswinspeople’ssympathies。WhentheGovernorquestionedHester：Whatcanstdoforthechild？Hester，layingherfingerontheredtoken，answered：GodgaveherintomykeepingandIwillnotgiveherup。WiththehelpofDimmesdale，sheinsistsontheguardianshipoverPearl。Andeversincethen，herpositionhaschangedfromapassiveonetoapositiveone。Sheisawomanwithhighlychallengingandrebelliousspirit。ShecanboldlygotoDimmesdale，said：Whatwehavedoneissacreddedication。Sheisalsoawomanconcerningandadaptingreality，herideasdissolvesintherealattitudetotoleranceofthereallife。
　　2。DisclosingoftheHypocrisyofChillingworth
　　Hesterisalonely，rebelliousorevenradicalfemaleimage。Shenotonlyconsidersaboutwomen’sunequalstatus，butalsoshowsherinneranger，repressionandemotionalloss。Shebecomesthepersonificationoftruth，kindnessandbeauty，heractionissureofloveundertheoppressionofthefeudalregimeandfullrecognitionofhumanrightsandfreedoms。Hesteroncehidesherhusband’strueidentity，butwhensherealizesthatthereisaforcedamagingDimmesdale’ssenseofpeaceotherthanhisconsciencealone，shemeetsDimmesdaleintheforestandtellshimthatthephysicianisherhusbandandwhathehasdoneisforrevenge。Herlovercannotforgiveheratfirst，buthesaysheforgivesHesterfinally。Inhertremendouslonelinessandsuffering，shegoestoconfesshersins，andshegraduallyformsatolerantandkindheartedbroadmindedness。Theimmorallovecannotmakeherstop，thehumanhardshipandsufferingalsocannotcrushher，andthepresentattackstillcannotdestroyher。Shewouldratherliveindependentlythanbowdowntomen。
　　3。EncouragingDimmesdaleFleeingawaywithher
　　Aftershereturnsfromprison，shestandsthestigmaAandkeepsthesecretofherlover’sname。Sheraisesthebaby。Aftersevenyearhardlife，Hesterdoesn’tgiveupthepursuitofhappylifeandtruelove。HerheartisstillfullofaffectionforDimmesdale。Shedreamsandplanstofleeawaywithhim。Peopleshouldknowherpassionisalivefromtheconversationintheforest。Shedoesn’trepentherrealsinanddoesn’tfeelhumiliatedforwearingtheletterA。Asawoman，sufferingfromspiritsorrow，sheisstillloyaltoherlover。It’sveryvaluable。
　　B。Camilla’sRebellion
　　Feminist’sdemandsforequalityhaveblurredthedistinctionsbetweenthesexes，creatingsituationswheremenareabletodominatewomenbecauseoftheirmoreaggressiveandforcefulnatures。
　　RachelTrickettsays：Women，withoutsomecodeofdeferenceorrespect，becomeincreasinglyvictims（MaoFenghua，2005，11）。
　　Camillanevergivesupfightingforthesecular，andshecontinuallylovesthePrince。ThehostilityfromtheBritishpeoplecannotcrushher。Fortheirtruelove，sheiswillingtopaytheentireprice。Worldisprogressing，Camillaisprogressingtoo。
　　CamillaalwayskeepstouchwithCharles，andsheisalwaysCharles’smistress。Facingcondemnsfromthepublicandroyalfamily，shedoesn’tshowthestrongstruggling。BecauseshelovesCharles，thatisthemostimportant。
　　Aswomen，theyshouldcomplywiththeirhusbandsevenifthereisnolovebetweenthem。ButHesterandCamillasetthegoodexamplesforthenewwomen。Theydarefightforthesecularfortheirloveanddarepursuittheirtruelove。Theeraisdifferent，buttheessenceofstrugglingisthesame：expectingthetruelove。Loveissweet，buttheprogressissohard。
　　IV。ViewsofLovebyComparison
　　Differentpeoplehavedifferentopinionstowardslove。HesterandCamillaaren’ttheexception。
　　A。TheInfluenceofFeminismuponHester’sAttitudetoLove
　　Becauseofhumanfragilityandsadness，Hestergoesintothebeautifultrap。Inasense，sheruinstwomen。Shebearssostrongpunishmentinherlife，forherlove，shepaysfortheextraordinarycost，suchas：sufferinginsult，persecution，tortureandloneliness。Itisnoeasytask。Herdignityandpersonalityisopenlytrampled。Sheaffordsthetremendouspunishment，whichdoesn’tmatchherfault。Puritandemandforthepurebeliefbutitshouldnotfallintotherigiddogmaofabstinence，andshouldbeconcernedaboutthereligiousessence。
　　ThefeministtendencyinTheScarletLetterhasalsogotpeople’sattentionformanyyears。FromtheheroineHesterdescribedbyHawthorneinTheScarletLetter，sheseemstobeaminiatureofaresistant，aFeministAngle，astrongwomanlookingforwardtotheequalitybetweenmenandwomen。
　　Hesterhaspermeatedwiththefeministconsciousnessthatsheisapioneerwhoseeksfreedom，inpidualityliberationandtruelove。Sheisapersonwithstrongperseveranceandfaithfullove。Althoughsheissentencedbytherulers，shehasstruggledindomitablyfordefendingtheirjusticeandtruth，fordefendingtheirinnocenceandpurity。Shecontinuallyisinpursuitofhertruelove，andconsidersherloveassacrosanct。Duetotheloyalloveandspecificperseverance，sherefusestotelltheidentityofherloverandwouldprefertoconfronttheharshreality。Withtheprotectionofthelover，toseekthegreatlove，Hesterusesanunimaginablecouragetosupportherself。Sheenduresallthepainsatpresentandhasn’tdisclosedthenameofthebaby’sfather。Facingtoallthedifficulties，shehasn’tshowntheslightestretreat。Thesecularsocietyalsosurrenderedtherapedwomanforthefirsttime。Itistothecreditofhumannature，that，exceptwhereitsselfishnessisbroughtintoplay，itlovesmorereadilythanithates。（Hawthorne，2001，87）
　　Ononehand，loveisaneternaltopicofmankindandisalwaysoneofthebestfeelingsinhumanlife。Theirloveisinadifficultsituation，thenovelconsidersthepuritanbrutalregimeinNorthAmericaincolonialtimesasitsbackground。Hester，ascommittedadultery，shehasbeenthrownintotheprisonbythepuritanicalregime，aredcharacterwearingsymbolizeherstigmainherwholelife。Meanwhile，sheisdespisedanddiscardedbythepeopleforwearingtheletterA。Loveishumannature，butaccordingtoChristiandoctrine，AdamandEveeatthefruitofwisdomintheEden，andthenknowthesexyhappinessandtheyreproducedthehumanbeingsinsteadofdependingontheGod，whichisakindoforiginalsin。Herpureevilisjustbecauseofhersincerelove，whichhasneverbeencrime。Nothumannaturemaymakepeoplecrime，justbecauseeviltemptsthefragilehumannatureandmakeshumanbeingsgotowardsthedegenerationandevil。Hawthorne’sfeministtendencyisveryclear。Therecognitionforloveandreligiousconceptsofconsciousnessexpresshisunspeakabledifficultieseverywhere。Althoughhehatesunreasonablemarriage，hedarenotaffirmtheillegalloveandbesurethatloverswillbemarried。
　　Ontheotherhand，whenfeelingsandresponsibilitiesconflict，Zeusdidn’thesitatetochooseresponsibilities，whichbecomethemethodsmendoduringthemaledominatedsociety，andalsobecomeacollectiveunconsciousness，accumulatedintheprocess，leadtotheworstinstinctsofhuman。TheirloveraisesDimmesdale，ratherthandiscreditinghim。Hedoesn’tactuallydesecratethereligiousbelief。Theirlovefrommotivationtoactionisnotprofane。Theirloveispureandscaredinthesenseofthesecularandreligion。
　　B。Camilla’sActiveAttitudetoHerLove
　　CamillaisaconfidentwomananddeeplylovesCharles。HermaturityandrationalitywinsCharles’sheart。Howmanypeoplearewillingtospend35yearswaitingtomarrythepersontheylove？Ofcourseonthegrandschemeofthingstheirrelationshipisnothingbutpiffle。Maybeitisatragiclifeformostpeoplethatarewillingtospendmorethan30yearswaitingtheirtruelove。Charlesshouldconsiderhissovereigninthefuture，insteadofhistruelove。Theyshouldn’thavetogothroughlifeprojectingafalseversionofthemselvesbecauseofhundredsofyearsoftradition。Itisdifficultforthemthattheygetridoftheconstraintsofroyalfamily。Whatismore，itismoredifficultforthemthattheymarrypeopletheylove。ThereasonthatwomencanattractCharlesisnottheirgoodlooks，justbecauseoftheirfeelingstogether。ItishopedthatCharlesandCamillafinallyliveahappylifeandcanenjoyalifeofblisstogether。
　　PeopleshouldsaluteCamillaforhercourageinmarryingCharles，inspiteofherweirdanddysfunctionalfamily。Mostwomenarelikelytorefusethismarriage，becausetheycannotaffordthepressuresandresponsibilities。ButCamillawouldstandforitwhichsuggestsshelovesCharlesformarryingthewomanheloves，eventhoughhismotherdisapproves。Itdoesn’tseemlikecouragebutintheweirdworldoftheroyalmonarchywhathedoesrequirealotofcourage。
　　Formostmen，theyliketochoosebeautifulwomenastheirgirlfriendsorwives。Theymayspendmuchtimeindressingtheirwivesup。Camillaneverspendsmuchtimeonherhairorhernails，butsheattractsCharles。Therefore，CamillaandCharleslookunique。Theyrepresentwhatwearenotfamiliarinourtimesintheworld：theyrepresentthesincerefeelings，representingsincereunderstanding，representingthesincerelovethatisnotthetrendofthetimes。Itissaidthatthefirstloveisthemostprofoundandstrongandwillevenaffectperson’swholeli
　　fe。SodoCamillaandCharles。
　　AsForCamilla，itisbelievedthatloveistheforcethatmakesthemrealizeonanemotionallevelthatwearenotalone。Lovedemonstratesthateverythingthatismeaningfulintheirlivesisinthecontextofarelationship。Whateversheisorisnotinthemindsofthepublic，she’snofreshfacedyounggirlinhertwentiesouttorobawealthyoldman。ButCharleslovesherverymuch，forsomestrangereasonthataloneisacomforttohim。
　　V。DifferentResults
　　HesterandCamillaareindifferenteras，ofcourse，theirexperiencesaredifferent。Hesterdoesn’tyieldtosocialpressureandisindifferenttothePuritanmorallawandpunishment。Hersilenceitselfisaspeechlessprotestagainsttheharshsociety。However，shecannotcompletelygetridofreligiousrestraints。Sheisnotafirmrebelbecauseofhercompromise。Camilla，asanewgenerationwoman，bearsalotofcondemnsfromthepublicandroyalfamily。However，shehasafirmconvictionlovesCharlesverymuch。Nothingcanshakeherbelief。Shecannotyieldtothepublicandroyalfamily。Sotheirresultsaredifferent。
　　A。Hester’sTragicResult
　　Thisnovelopenlyendsintragedy，forthesecretofHesterandDimmesdalebecomespublicknowledgewhentheministerrevealshisadulteryandopenlyacceptsHesterandPearl，whohavelongsufferedinsilence。Ironically，Hesterisfreedbytheconfession，nolongerbearingtheScarletLetteralone。Dimmesdaleisalsofreed，althoughhediesaftertheconfession，heisfinallyfreedfromtheguiltyofhisinnersin。Andshedreamssomedaythatwomencanenjoyequalstatuswithmen。AlthoughHesterisstrong，brave，hardworking，good，shefinallydiesininsult，ridiculeandindifference。Itrevealstheinferiorstatusofwomenincruelhypocrisypuritanicalsociety。Survivinghardshipsandthetragicfate，alsoreflectsHawthorne’sthoughts：headvocatesfeminismanddeeplysympathizeswithwomenwhoseekromanticlove。
　　Seekingthetrueloveandlongingforhappymarriageisreasonablerequests。However，sheispunishedbypuritanregimeforherwholelife，wearingaredinpublic。ThechurchhardlifeandtherigiddogmarestrainDimmesdale’sheartsforawhile。Hishumannatureistorevive，whenheseesHesterwithslenderbody，beautifulappearancealmostclosetohumanperfectionanddeepblackeyes。Thenhedefeatsthepine，makinglovewithher，butreligiousspiritastheopiatepoisonshissoul。Adeeprootedreligiousideainhismindhasstifledthedesireforloveandhappiness。Theirloveisregardedasanaffronttothesacredlaw。Sinceheconsidershimselfasasinner，heshouldbepunished。Buthedarenotopenlyaffordhisresponsibility。HeisafraidofwearingthecharacterAtogetherandfearsthatGoddoesn’tforgivehim。Therefore，theygroanwithpainandstruggleindespair。
　　Dimmesdale’sspiritwillalwaysbeuselessremorseforthepainandevil。Aftersufferingfromthetorturesofsoul，hefeelsexhaustedandhasbecomeavictimofreligiouspoison。Hesterinnerconfusion，suspicionandcrazinesshavealsostirredherhead。Duetotortureofinnerworldandexternalenvironment，theyaredoomedtohaveatragiclife。
　　Heiswillingtochallengeforthesecularandreligion！HewouldliketoescapewithHester。Theyareeagertobeinpursuitoftheloveandenjoythelove，buttheyfearlossoftheparadise。However，herepentsinpublicatlast。Thatistosay，heovercomesprejudices，hypocrisiesandsoon。
　　FromthefateofHesterandDimmesdale，peoplemaylearnthatitavailsnotthesinnertolivealifeofsaintlydeedsandaims，buttobetrue；nottoscourgehimself，towearsackcloth，ortoredeemothersouls，butopenlytoaccepthisshame。Thepoisonofsinisn’tsomuchinthesinitselfasintheconcealment；forallmenaresinners，buthewhoconcealshissinpretendsasuperhumanholiness。Allsinisbasedonselfishness；butthesupremeabdicationofself，postulatedbyvoluntaryandunreservedselfrevelation，leavesnofurtherbasisforsintobuildon。Asaresult，thesindoesn’tdestroyherinwardspirit，instead，shegathersherstrengthandcourage，andflourishestheletterA。
　　B。Camilla’sWinningoftheRespectandMarryingCharles
　　Camillaendsinacomedy，becauseshemarriesCharles。Shemakesmoreeffortstoseekhertruelove。Atthesametime，CharlesneverreallystopslovingCamilla。Herefusestogiveherup。Throughhermarriageandhisown，theystillmanagetohavetheirlovers’relationship。Itisbelievedthattheirloveranksrightuptherewiththebigstoriesofthecenturies。
　　Whethertherecentyearsofcarefulplanningandcontrolofpublicitysurroundingthiscouplehavepaidoff，orwhetherthepublicgiveintotheromanticismofaroyalwedding，Camilla’spublicapprovalhasimproved。Sheisfinallygettingtomarrytheloveofherlife，Charles。Shehaswaitedthirtyfiveyearstomaketheirunionlegal。PerhapsthemostsurprisingresultisthatCamillawinsrespectinEngland。Camillaisslammedendlesslybythepressforunpolishedappearance，butshehasbeensettingstyletrends。
　　Conclusion
　　AccordingtoHester’sandCamilla’sattitudestowardslovebycomparison，peoplecanknowtheirsimilaritiesanddifferencestowardslove。Theyarerebelswithunhappymarriages，eagertoseekthetruelove。Theyaregoodmodelsforwomeninnewgeneration。
　　Hesterisafirmandpersistentwomanwhoseekfreedom，equality，andpassion，whilesheisfetteredbyreligiousspirit。SherebelsagainstthePuritanismbyanactionmarkedwithnaturaldignityandforceofcharacter，asifbyherownfreewill。Herrebellioninthisphaseisarguedinahighlevel。Inherera，Hestershouldhavekeptadherencetoherhusband，evenshehasn’tabitloveforherhusband。ButHestershakesoffPuritanicalbondageandloves。Shedoesn’tcontrolherdesiresintentionallyanddoeseverythingthatshethinkstobeworth。ThelovebetweenthemisundoubtedlyaviolationofbothGod’slawandsociallaw，butitdoesnotviolatethenaturallaw。Itisnotsinfulthingforthemtoloveeachother。Onthecontrary，thePuritanNewEnglandisdepictedasanintolerantsocietyandthestrictmoralcodeswouldonlyleadtocrueltyandtragedy。Thatisasuppressionofhumanity。Inheropinion，theirloveisfullofdignityandgrace。Butitisapitythattheycannotspendtheirrestlifestayingtogether，whichisatragicresult。
　　AsforCamilla，sheisinternationallyknown，livingthelifeofacelebritysurroundedbyintrusivepublicinterestthatmakesherthesubjectofabuseandadmirationallatthesametime。Sheisalsoarebel。InmodernEnglandsociety，theBritishroyalfamilycannotpermitPrincesmarryingaporcedwoman。Furthermore，CamillaisolderthanCharles。TheroyalfamilypaysmoreattentiontothePrince’sfutureandthenextgeneration’sblueblood。Nevertheless，CamillastillovercomesallkindsofdifficultiesandfinallymarriesCharlesaftermorethan30years。Camillawinsrespectfromroyalfamilyandthepublic，whichisabeautifulending。
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