八年级英语Traditionalampnbsplife教案

　　外研英语八年级上module12traditionallife全模块教案i。teachingobjectives教学目标技能目标
　　听listenforwhatyoumustandmustn’tdo
　　说askandansweraboutcustomssaywhatyoumustandmustn’tdo
　　读readthepassagetoknowwhatyoumustandmustn’tdo
　　写writeadviceaboutcustomsandrulesinchinawriteadviceforforeigngueststoachinesefamily语言目标
　　功
　　能
　　句
　　式
　　talkaboutcustomsandwhatyoumustandmustn’tdoyoucan’tbeserious。youmustn’tdoanycleaningonthefirstdayofthechinesenewyear。andyoucan’tcutyourhair。no，inchina，youmustwaitandopenitlater。whatmustidoatspringfestival？mustiusebothhands？youmustsaymr。andmrs。whenyouspeaktoolderpeople。youcanusefirstnameswithyourfriends。youmustn’ttalktooloudly。insometrainsyoucan’tevenuseyourmobilephone。
　　词汇1。重点词汇chess，chopsticks，purse，soap，hang，immediately，accept，lucky，break，anything，receive，noise，stay，shout，throw，shoulder，catch，smoke，passport，litter2。认读词汇set，chat，move，wrap，custom，greet，wedding，light，around，pour，mobile，body，pavement3短语dosomecleaning，washup，hangon，wastebin
　　语法mustmustn’tandcancan’t。teachingmaterialsanalyzing教材分析本单元以traditionallife为话题，设计了三个单元的内容。旨在通过单元教学使学生学会谈论不同国家和地区的风俗习惯；了解英国的风俗；学会表达应该与不应该做的事情；能就中国的风俗习惯进行写作；能给外宾提供一些建议，使他们了解中国的风俗习惯。unit1听录音，对照图片学习一些物品的名称，听录音并读对话，从送礼物引出不同国家的不同的风俗习惯，初步了解must，mustn’t，can，can’t的用法。listeningandvocabulary中活动1、2通过图片标号、配对的形式学习单元词汇。3是关于不同国家风俗习惯的对话。4、5根据对话内容完成判断、填空等任务。pronunciationandspeaking中6学习含有must句型的赌法。7、8根据所给情景列举自己必须做或不允许做的事并讲给小组内伙伴听。unit2学习关于英国的一些风俗习惯的课文，结合图画更好地理解课文；学习本单元重点词汇；用must，mustn’t，can，can’t来描述不同国家的不同的风俗习惯。写一篇介绍中国风俗的文章。readingandvocabulary中1要求观察两幅（就餐与婚礼）描述生活习俗的图片。2俩俩合作，就所供话题进行讨论。3阅读介绍英国传统习俗和习惯的短文并找出相关图片。4、5、6根据短文内容完成填表、讨论、答问等任务。writing列举在中国自己可以做或不允许做的事，并写一篇短文给来华旅游者提出建议。unit3在练习中复现本单元重点词汇、句型和语法；读关于signsaroundtheworld的文章；为到中国的家庭做客的外国宾客提出一些建议。1、2要求听一个小朋友谈论自己日常生活的录音并完成判断、答问任务。3、4、5要求列举并谈论自己在家必须做和不允许做的事。6、7、8、10要求用所给词汇填空完成句子或短文。9利用猜物游戏学习新词。11猜测所给标志含义。aroundtheworld介绍了几种路标的含义。moduletask写短文给来中国做客的外国人提出建议。iiiclasstypesandperiods课型设计与课时分配period1listeningandspeaking（unit1）period2readingandwriting（unit2）period3languageinuse（unit3）。teachingplansforeachperiod分课时教案
　　period1listeningandspeakingtargetlanguage目标语言1。wordsamp；phrases生词和短语chess，chopsticks，purse，soap，hang，immediately，accept，lucky，dosomecleaning，break，anything，receive，set，chat，move，hangon，wrap，custom2。keysentences重点句子youcan’tbeserious。youmustn’tdoanycleaningonthefirstdayofthechinesenewyear。andyoucan’tcutyourhair。no，inchina，youmustwaitandopenitlater。whatmustidoatspringfestival？mustiusebothhands？abilitygoals能力目标enablestudentstolistentoandtalkaboutthingstheymustandmustn’tdo。teachingimportantdifficultpoints教学重难点theusageofmust，mustn’t，can，can’tteachingmethods教学方法taskbasedlearning。teachingaids教具准备aprojectororsomepictures，ataperecorder。teachingproceduresandways教学过程与方式stepileadininthisprocedure，askstudentstolearnsomenewwordsbydoingactivities1and2。t：inourdailylife，wecan’tdoanythingwithoutthehelpofcertainthings。forexample，wechineseeatwithchopsticks，welookupnewwordsinadictionary，etc。nowlistentothetapeandnumberthewordsandexpressionsinactivity1。playthetapeandaskstudentstorepeatthesewordsandexpressionandthennumberthemandmatchthemwithpictures。stepiilisteninginthisprocedure，studentswilllistenandreadadialogue。askthemtodopairworktofindwhatyoumustandmustn’tcan’tdoinchina。t：todayislingling’sbirthday。herfriendsboughtherapresent。let’slistentothedialogue。fromthedialogue，weknowsomedifferenttraditionsinchina，theusaandbritain。nowlistenandfindout。afterlistening，askstudentstodoactivity4。thenaskthemtoreadthedialogueandfinishactivity5。checktheanswerswiththeclass。stepiiipronunciationandspeakinginthisprocedure，askstudentstolistentothetapeandpayattentiontothequestionsandanswersandthenmakeupconversationsinpairstopracticemust，mustn’tcan’t。askthemtowritethemdowniftimepermits。t：inthedialogue，therearesomesentencescontainingmust，mustn’t。theyshowthatyouaretoldtodosomethingornottodosomething。that’sanorder。youcan’tbreak。helpstudentsfindthesentencesout。thenplaythetapeandaskstudentstolistenandrepeataftertherecording。afterthis，askstudentstolistthethingstheymustandmustn’tdointhegivensituationsandthenworkingroupsandsaythethingsout。t：inourdailylife，therearemanythingswemustormustn’tdo。thinkoverandmakealist。let’sseewhoseisthelongest。samplelists：athome：youmustwashyourhandswhenyouenteryourhome。youmusthelpyourmotherdohousework。atthedinnertable：youmustwashyourhandsbeforehavingameal。youmustn’ttalkwithyourfoodinyourmouth。atschool：youmustn’tgotoschoollate。youmusthandinyourhomeworkintime。stepivhomework1。askthestudentstolearnandrememberthenewwordsandexpressionsofthisunit。2。askthestudentstofinishactivities36onpages156157intheworkbook。
　　period2readingandwritingtargetlanguage目标语言1。wordsamp；phrases生词和短语noise，stay，shout，throw，shoulder，catch，greet，wedding，light，around，pour，mobile，body2。keysentences重点句子forexample，youusuallyshakehandswithpeoplewhenyoumeetthemforthefirsttime。youmustsaymr。andmrs。whenyouspeaktoolderpeople，butyoucanusefirstnameswithyourfriends。youcanonlydrinkteaatateaparty，notcoffeeorjuice。inbusesortrains，theotherpassengersareveryquiet，andyoumustn’ttalktooloudly。insometrainsyoucan’tevenuseyourmobilephone。thenthewomanmustn’tarriveatthechurchontimebutafewminuteslate。thegirlwhocatchesthemwillbenexttogetmarried。abilitygoals能力目标enablestudentstoreadandwriteapassageabouttraditionallifeinchina。teachingimportantdifficultpoints教学重难点howtousemust，mustn’t，canandcan’t。teachingmethods教学方法taskbasedlearning。teachingaids教具准备aprojectororsomepicturesandsomesmallpiecesofpaper，ataperecorderteachingproceduresandways教学过程与方式stepirevisionandleadininthisprocedure，askstudentstotalkaboutthepicturesinactivity1。t：asweknow，thecustomandtraditionallifeisdifferentindifferentcountries。nowpleaselookatthepicturesinactivity1onpage98。whatcanyousee？whatarethepeopledoing？askthestudentstosaythewordsandwritethemdown。s：inpicture1，therearefourpeoplestandingaroundthetable。theyarehavingameal。s：inpicture2，thereisamanandawoman。theyareholdingawedding。thenaskthemtoworkinpairsandtalkaboutthetopicsgiveninactivity2。t：lookatactivity2。therearesomeactions。whatmustwedo？whatmustn’twedo？canyougivesomeadvice？let’shaveadiscussioninfoursagainbeforereadingthepassage。sample：s：whenyougreetpeople，youshouldfirstsayhellotothemandthenshakehandswiththem。butdon’tkisswhenyouareinengland。s：whenwehaveateapartyinchina，wecantalkfreelyandeatanythingwelike。andwecanhaveateapartyanytimeanywhere。s：butinengland，youcan’thaveteaafter4：30，andcan’tdrinkcoffeeorjuice。s：makingnoiseisimpoliteinchinawhenhavingameal。butinjapan，you’dbettermakesomenoisetoshowthatyoulikethefood。s：chineseneverhaveweddingsinchurches。theyhaveitathome。asksomestudentstohaveareportinfrontoftheclass。stepiilisteningandreadinginthisprocedure，askstudentstolistenandreadthepassage。makesuretheycanmatchthemeaningofthepassage。t：wehavejustdiscussedsomecustoms。let’scometoactivity3toseeifyourreportisfitforthetruefact。pleaselistentothetapewithyourbooksclosed。afterlistening，answeraquestion：whichonescanyouseeinthepictures？playthetapeandchecktheanswers。thenaskstudentstoreadthepassageandactivities4and6。checktheanswerswiththeclass。speakingaskstudentstoreadthepassagecarefullyagainandtalkaboutthedifferencesoftraditionallifeinenglandandchina。t：afterreading，welearnedthattherearesomedifferencesoftraditionallifeinenglandandchina。whatarethedifferences？nowworkinpairsandhaveatalk。sampledialogue：s1：whatarethedifferenceswhenpeopleareonthebusinchinaandengland？s2：whenpeopleareonthebus，peopleinchinaoftenchat，butinengland，youmustn’ttalktooloudly。asksomepairstoworkinfrontoftheclass。stepiiiwritinginthisprocedure，askstudentstowriteapassageaboutwhatyoumust，mustn’tcan’tdoinchina。firstaskthemtowritenotesusingthetableinactivity7。sample：youmustofferyourgueststea。youmustn’ttalktooloudlyattable。youmusttakeagiftwithbothofyourhands。youmustn’tcallthenamestheelders。thenaskstudentstowritethepassagedown。sampleversion：adviceforvisitors：traditionallifeinchinathechinesewillnodorbowslightlyasaninitialgreeting。handshakesarealsopopular；wait，however，foryourchinesecounterparttoinitiatethegesture。
　　ifyouvisitaschool，theater，orotherworkplace，itislikelythatyouwillbegreetedwithapplauseasasignofwelcome。inturn，youshouldrespondbyapplaudingback。
　　thechinesedonotusetheirhandswhenspeaking，andwillonlybecomeannoyedwithaspeakerwhodoes。
　　tosummonattention，turnyourpalmdown，wavingyourfingerstowardyourself。
　　useyourwholehandratherthanyourindexfingertopoint。
　　thechinese，especiallythosewhoareolderandinpositionsofauthority，dislikebeingtouchedbystrangers。
　　acknowledgethemostseniorpersoninagroupfirst。
　　smilingisnotasnoticeableinchina，sincethereisaheavyemphasisonrepressingemotion。
　　membersofthesamesexmayholdhandsinpublic。
　　publicdisplaysofaffection，suchaskissing，betweenthesexesarefrownedupon。
　　donotputyourhandsinyourmouth，asitisconsideredvulgar。wheninpublic，avoidbitingyournails，removingfoodfromyourteeth，andsimilarpractices。
　　blowingyournosewithahandkerchiefisalsoacceptable。
　　stepivhomeworkaskstudentsto1。readthepassagerepeatedly。2。finishactivities911onpages158159intheworkbook。
　　period3languageinusetargetlanguage目标语言1。wordsamp；phrases生词和短语washup，smoke，passport，litter，pavement，wastebin2。keysentences重点句子youmustsaymr。andmrs。whenyouspeaktoolderpeople。youcanusefirstnameswithyourfriends。youmustn’ttalktooloudly。insometrainsyoucan’tevenuseyourmobilephone。abilitygoals能力目标enablestudentstousemust，mustn’t，canandcan’t。teachingimportantdifficultpoints教学重难点howtousemust，mustn’t，canandcan’t。teachingmethods教学方法taskbasedlearning。teachingaids教具准备somepicturesandataperecorder。teachingproceduresandways教学过程与方式stepirevisionandleadincheckthehomework。thenaskstudentstolistentoateenagertalkingabouthislife。t：asateenager，therearesomethingsyoumustormustn’tcan’tdo。nowwe’lllistentoapassage。ateenageristalkingabouthislife。listencarefullyandcheckthethingshemustandmustn’tdo。askstudentstolistentothetapeandchooserightanswers。thenaskstudentstolistenagainandanswerthequestionsinactivity2。gothroughtheanswerswiththestudentsandplaythetapeagaintochecktheiranswers。stepiigrammarpracticereviewingtheuseofmust，mustn’t，can，can’tasfollows。showthefollowing。mustyouusemusttotalkaboutsomethingyourestronglyadvisedtodo。youoftenuseitwhenyoutalkaboutsafetyinstructions。youmustfastenyourseatbelt。mustnot，（mustnt）youusemustnot，（mustnt）totalkaboutsomethingyouarentallowedtodooryourestronglyadvisednottodo。youmustntleanoutofthewindow。thenaskstudentstodoactivities27。checktheanswerswiththeclass。afterthis，askstudentstoreadsingsaroundtheworldonpage103andthenworkinpairsandguessthemeaningsofthesignsinactivity11。stepiiinewwordsandexpressionslearnthenewwordsbyaskingstudentstodoactivity9。t：let’splayagame。guesswhatitis！workingroups，onegroupchoosesawordoranexpressionsfromtheboxanddescribeittotheclass。theothergroupshouldguessthewordsorexpressionsinturn。theonewhogotitwillwinthegame。thenaskstudentstofinishactivities8and10。checktheanswerswithclass。stepivmoduletaskinthisprocedure，studentswillworkinpairsanddiscusstheadviceforforeigngueststoachinesefamilyandthenwritetheadvicedown。samplenotes：thechinesewillnodorbowslightlyasaninitialgreeting。handshakesarealsopopular；wait，however，foryourchinesecounterparttoinitiatethegesture。
　　ifyouvisitaschool，theater，orotherworkplace，itislikelythatyouwillbegreetedwithapplauseasasignofwelcome。inturn，youshouldrespondbyapplaudingback。
　　avoidmakingexpansivegesturesandusingunusualfacialexpressions。
　　thechinesedonotusetheirhandswhenspeaking，andwillonlybecomeannoyedwithaspeakerwhodoes。
　　somehandgestures，however，arenecessary。theyareoutlinedinthenexttwopoints。
　　tosummonattention，turnyourpalmdown，wavingyourfingerstowardyourself。
　　useyourwholehandratherthanyourindexfingertopoint。
　　thechinese，especiallythosewhoareolderandinpositionsofauthority，dislikebeingtouchedbystrangers。
　　acknowledgethemostseniorpersoninagroupfirst。
　　smilingisnotasnoticeableinchina，sincethereisaheavyemphasisonrepressingemotion。
　　membersofthesamesexmayholdhandsinpublic。
　　publicdisplaysofaffection，suchaskissing，betweenthesexesarefrownedupon。
　　donotputyourhandsinyourmouth，asitisconsideredvulgar。consequently，wheninpublic，avoidbitingyournails，removingfoodfromyourteeth，andsimilarpractices。
　　pushingiscommoninlineups。
　　spittinginpublicisacceptable。
　　blowingyournosewithahandkerchiefisalsoacceptable。
　　dresscode：
　　casualclothesareacceptableeverywhere，althoughsmarterclothescangainmorerespect。revealingclothesshouldbeavoided。givethestudentsafewminutestotheadvice。asksomestudentstoreadtheirpassagesbeforetheclass。sampleadvice：youmustbowornodwhenyougreetpeople。youmustn’ttouchtheolder。youmustuseyourwholehandratherthanyourindexfingertopoint。youcan’tholdhandsoftheoppositesexinpublic。youmustblowyournosewithahandkerchief。
　　stepvhomeworkaskstudentsto1。revisethismodule。2。finishtherestactivitiesintheworkbook。
　　teachingresources教学资源库
　　i。重点知识详解
　　一、must的用法
　　1）表示主观的义务和必要，主要用于肯定句和疑问句，意思为必须，得，要；由must引起的疑问句，肯定回答要用must或haveto，否定回答要用needn’t或don’thaveto，意思是不必；must的否定形式mustn’t表示禁止，意思是不能，不许。
　　wemustfindagoodmethodtolearncomputerwell。我们必须找一个学好电脑的方法。
　　mustifinishthetaskrightnow？我现在必须完成这个工作吗？
　　yes，youmust。yes，youhaveto。是的。
　　（no，youneedn’t。no，youdon’thaveto。不，不必。）
　　youmustn’tcomeherewithoutpermission。未经允许，你不能来这儿。
　　2）表示肯定的猜测，常用于肯定句中，意思为一定是，必然。
　　yoursistermustbeadoctorinthishospital。（现在的猜测）你姐姐一定是这家医院的医生。
　　hemustbereadingnewspapersinthereadingroomnow。（正在进行的猜测）他此刻一定正在阅览室读报。
　　itmusthaverainedlastnight，forthegroundiswet。（过去的猜测）昨晚一定下雨了，因为地面上是湿的。
　　二、情态动词can的用法
　　can的否定形式为cannot，缩写形式为cant。
　　1）表示能力，意思是：能，会。
　　icantswim。我不会游泳。
　　canyoudrive？你会开车吗？
　　注意：can表示能力可和beableto互换使用，且后者有更多的时态，beableto常被用来表示can所不能表示的将来或完成的概念。
　　theywillbeabletorunthismachineontheirowninthreemonths。他们过三个月就能自己开这台机器了。
　　2）表示可能性，意思是：可以，可能。
　　thatbigcinemacanseats2，000people。那家大电影院能坐XX人。
　　hecanbeveryfriendlyattimes。有时他会很友好。
　　3）表示允诺，意思是：可以，能够。
　　youcanhavethebookwhenihavefinishedit。书我看完了可以给你。
　　caniuseyourpen？我可以用你的钢笔吗？
　　4）表示惊异、不相信等（用于疑问句、否定句或感叹句中），意思是：会，可能。
　　thiscantbetrue。这不可能是真的。canitbetrue？这可能是真的吗？ii。customsandrulesinenglandthebritisharesaidtobereservedinmanners，dressandspeech。theyarefamousforpoliteness，selfdisciplineandespeciallyforsenseofhumor。basicpoliteness（please，thankyou，excuseme）isexpected。howtogreetpeoplebritishpeoplearequitereservedwhengreetingoneanother。greetingcanbeabrighthello，hiorgoodmorning，whenyouarriveatworkoratschool。termsofendearmentnameswemaycallyouyoumaybecalledbymanydifferentaffectionatenames，accordingtowhichpartofthebritainyouarein。donotbeoffended，thisisquitenormal。forexample，youmaybecalleddear，flower，love，chick，mate，son，madam，miss，sir，accordingtoyoursex，ageandlocation。visitingpeopleintheirhouseswhenbeingentertainedatsomeone’shomeitisnicetotakeagiftforthehostandhostess。abottleofwine，bunchofflowersorchocolatesareallacceptable。eatingweeatcontinentalstyle，withforkinthelefthandandtheknifeintheright。do’sanddon’tsinenglanddostandinline：inenglandweliketoformorderlyqueues（standinginline）andwaitpatientlyforourturne。g。boardingabus。itisusualtoqueuewhenrequired，andexpectedthatyouwilltakecorrectturnandnotpushinfront。queuejumpingisfrownedupon。dosayexcuseme：ifsomeoneisinyouwayandyouwouldlikethemtomove，sayexcusemeandtheywillmoveoutofyourway。dopayasyougpayfordrinksasyouordertheminpubsandothertypesofbars。dosaypleaseandthankyou：itisverygoodmannerstosaypleaseandthankyou。itisconsideredrudeifyoudon’t。wheneveryouwillnoticeinenglandthattheysaythankyoualot。docoveryourmouth：whenyawningorcoughingalwayscoveryourmouthwithyourhand。doshakehands：whenyouarefirstintroducedtosomeone，shaketheirrighthandwithyourownrighthand。dosaysorry：ifyouaccidentallybumpintosomeone，saysorry。theyprobablywilltoo，evenifitwasyourfault！thisisahabitandcanbeseenasveryamusingbyanoutsider。dosmile：asmilingfaceisawelcomingface。dodriveontheleftsideoftheroad。don’tgreetpeoplewithakiss：theyonlykisspeoplewhoareclosefriendsandrelatives。avoidtalkingloudlyinpublicitisimpolitetostareatanyoneinpublic。donotpickyournoseinpublic：theyaredisgustedbythis。ifyournostrilsneeddebugging，useahandkerchief。avoiddoinggesturessuchasbackslappingandhuggingthisisonlydoneamongclosefriends。donotspit：spittinginthestreetisconsideredtobeverybadmannered。donotburpinpublic：youmayfeelbetterbyburpingloudlyaftereatingordrinking，butotherpeoplewillnot！ifyoucannotstopaburpfromburstingout，thencoveryourmouthwithyourhandandsayexcusemeafterwards。donotpasswindinpublicnowhowcanwesaythispolitely？let’ssaythatyouwanttopasswind。whatdoyoudo？gosomewhereprivateandletitout。itisimpolitespeakwithyourmouthfulloffood。donotaskpersonalorintimatequestions：theydonotaskquestionssuchas：howmuchmoneydoyouearn？howmuchdoyouweigh？orwhyaren’tyoumarried？nevereatoffaknifewhenhavingameal。iii。chineseetiquettesthechinesewillnodorbowslightlyasaninitialgreeting。handshakesarealsopopular；wait，however，foryourchinesecounterparttoinitiatethegesture。
　　ifyouvisitaschool，theater，orotherworkplace，itislikelythatyouwillbegreetedwithapplauseasasignofwelcome。inturn，youshouldrespondbyapplaudingback。
　　avoidmakingexpansivegesturesandusingunusualfacialexpressions。
　　thechinesedonotusetheirhandswhenspeaking，andwillonlybecomeannoyedwithaspeakerwhodoes。
　　somehandgestures，however，arenecessary。theyareoutlinedinthenexttwopoints。
　　tosummonattention，turnyourpalmdown，wavingyourfingerstowardyourself。
　　useyourwholehandratherthanyourindexfingertopoint。
　　thechinese，especiallythosewhoareolderandinpositionsofauthority，dislikebeingtouchedbystrangers。
　　acknowledgethemostseniorpersoninagroupfirst。
　　smilingisnotasnoticeableinchina，sincethereisaheavyemphasisonrepressingemotion。
　　membersofthesamesexmayholdhandsinpublic。
　　publicdisplaysofaffection，suchaskissing，betweenthesexesarefrownedupon。
　　donotputyourhandsinyourmouth，asitisconsideredvulgar。consequently，wheninpublic，avoidbitingyournails，removingfoodfromyourteeth，andsimilarpractices。
　　pushingiscommoninlineups。
　　spittinginpublicisacceptable。
　　blowingyournosewithahandkerchiefisalsoacceptable。
　　dresscode：
　　casualclothesareacceptableeverywhere，althoughsmarterclothescangainmorerespect。revealingclothesshouldbeavoided。
　　problemsthatariseinchinathroughculturaldifferencescanoftenbeputdowntosimplemisunderstandings。ingeneral，chinesepeoplearenotforthcomingwithinformationunlesstheyarespecificallyaskedforit，sobepreparedtoaskdirectquestionstogettheinformationyouneed。localsmaynotevenspeakhonestlybutwilltrytosaywhattheythinkyouwanttohear。thisisnotdonemaliciouslyandanelementofpatienceandunderstandingwilleasethesituation。chinesepeoplearecourteousbutreservedandpolitenessisappreciatedatalltimes。dontalwaysbefooledbyasmileasthiscanmeanthatthepersonisupsetorembarrassedandtrytoavoidconfrontationalsituationsthatmaycausealossofface。confrontationisnotappreciatedandwillonlyworsenratherthanresolveanysituation。familymealsalthoughcustomsandthekindsoffoodeatenvaryaccordingtoregion，itismostcommonforchinesefamiliestogatherforthreemealsaday。
　　insomeareasandatsometimesoftheyear，laborersmayhaveonlytwofullmealsaday，butwhenpossible，theysupplementthesewithuptothreesmallerones，oftentakenatteahouses。thereisnot，ingeneral，thestrongassociationwehaveinthewestbetweenthetypeoffoodandthetimeofdayitshouldbeserved（say，eggsforbreakfast，asandwichforlunch，potroastfordinner）。thesortsofdishesservedatthetwoorthreemainmealsareprettymuchthesame。thegoalinplanning，however，istoprovideanumberofdishesateachmeal，sothat，ratherthanexperiencingdifferencebycomparisonbetweenonemealandthenext，eachmealincludes，initself，asatisfyingarrayofelements。thestuffofthemealthecenterofthechinesemealisfan，orgrain。somuchsothatthemealitselfiscalledhsiafan，aperiodofgrain。inthesouthandamongurbanfamiliesinotherareas，thefanmaybericeorriceproducts，butriceisexpensive，asisthewheateateninthenorthintheformofcookedwholegrains，noodles，orbread。dependingontheregion，then，lessprosperousfamiliesmightmaketheirmealsofmillet，sorghum，orcorn。themeatsandvegetableswethinkofasthefocusofthemealareknownastsai，whichmeanssomethinglikesidedishesonecouldalmostgosofarastocallthemcondimentsforthefan。whoeatswhenandhoweatingbeginsinorderofseniority，witheachdinertakingthecuetostartfromhisorherimmediatesuperior。childrenaretaughttoeatequallyfromeachtsaidishinturn，neverbetrayingapreferenceforaparticularitembyeatingmoreofit，neverseemingtopausetochooseaspecificbitefromtheplate。inordertocoolthesoupabitandtobetterdiffusetheflavorinthemouth，soupiseatenbysippingfromthespoonwhilebreathingin。thismethod，ofcourse，producestheslurpingnoisethatistaboointhewest。toeatfan，adinerraisesthebowltoherlipsandpushesthegrainsintohermouthwithchopsticks。thisistheeasiestwaytoeatitandshowsproperenjoymenteatingfanfromabowlleftsittingonthetablesuggestsdissatisfactionwiththefood。thedinermustfinishallthefan。toleaveevenagrainisconsideredbadmanners，alackofrespectforthelaborrequiredtoproduceit。