Prometheus之Dockerfile编写镜像构建容器启动

　　从官方镜像启动：prom/prometheus
　　拉取镜像 $ docker pull prom/prometheus
　　启动容器
　　方式1：$ docker run -td -p 9090:9090 --name prometheus1 prom/prometheus
　　方式2：路径挂载$ docker run      -p 9090:9090      -v /path/to/prometheus.yml:/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml      prom/prometheus  $ docker run      -p 9090:9090      -v /path/to/config:/etc/prometheus      prom/prometheus官方Dockerfile分析
　　官方Dockerfile文件如下ARG ARCH=＂amd64＂ ARG OS=＂linux＂ FROM quay.io/prometheus/busybox-${OS}-${ARCH}:latest LABEL maintainer=＂The Prometheus Authors ＂  ARG ARCH=＂amd64＂ ARG OS=＂linux＂ COPY .build/${OS}-${ARCH}/prometheus        /bin/prometheus COPY .build/${OS}-${ARCH}/promtool          /bin/promtool COPY documentation/examples/prometheus.yml  /etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml COPY console_libraries/                     /usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries/ COPY consoles/                              /usr/share/prometheus/consoles/ COPY LICENSE                                /LICENSE COPY NOTICE                                 /NOTICE COPY npm_licenses.tar.bz2                   /npm_licenses.tar.bz2  WORKDIR /prometheus RUN ln -s /usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries /usr/share/prometheus/consoles/ /etc/prometheus/ &&      chown -R nobody:nobody /etc/prometheus /prometheus  USER       nobody EXPOSE     9090 VOLUME     [ ＂/prometheus＂ ] ENTRYPOINT [ ＂/bin/prometheus＂ ] CMD        [ ＂--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml＂,               ＂--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus＂,               ＂--web.console.libraries=/usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries＂,               ＂--web.console.templates=/usr/share/prometheus/consoles＂ ]
　　从官网Dockerfile文件可知：使用busybox作为基础镜像拷贝相关文件（prometheus、promtool、prometheus.yml等）到指定目录（/bin、/etc）指定工作目录/prometheus容器内端口9090指定默认匿名卷为＂/prometheus＂，Prometheus运行产生的数据将写到宿主机相关目录ENTRYPOINT容器启动入口点为＂/bin/prometheus＂CMD指定容器启动参数为：＂--config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml＂, ＂--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus＂,＂--web.console.libraries=/usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries＂, ＂--web.console.templates=/usr/share/prometheus/consoles＂
　　容器内Prometheus启动命令为：/bin/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus --web.console.libraries=/usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries --web.console.templates=/usr/share/prometheus/consoles
　　进入容器查看Prometheus的进程：[root@docker ~]# docker exec -it prometheus1 sh /prometheus $ /prometheus $ ps -ef | grep prometheu[s]     1 nobody    0:53 /bin/prometheus --config.file=/etc/prometheus/prometheus.yml --storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus --web.console.libraries=/usr/share/prometheus/console_libraries --web.console.templates=/usr/share/prometheus/consoles编写自己的Dockerfile
　　这里编写自己的Dockerfile进行构建，开启Prometheus进程的配置热加载和数据库管理功能。FROM amd64/busybox:1.35 LABEL maintainer=＂The Prometheus Authors ＂  ARG ARCH=＂amd64＂ ARG OS=＂linux＂ COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/prometheus 				/prometheus/bin/ COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/promtool 				/prometheus/bin/ COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/prometheus.yml 			/prometheus/etc/prometheus.yml COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/console_libraries/*    /prometheus/console_libraries/ COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/consoles/*             /prometheus/consoles/ COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/LICENSE               /prometheus/LICENSE COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/NOTICE                /prometheus/NOTICE  WORKDIR /prometheus RUN ln -s /prometheus/bin/prometheus /prometheus/bin/promtool /bin/ &&      chown -R root:root /prometheus  USER       root EXPOSE     9090 VOLUME     [ ＂/prometheus/data＂, ＂/prometheus/etc＂ ] ENTRYPOINT [ ＂/bin/prometheus＂ ] CMD        [ ＂--config.file=/prometheus/etc/prometheus.yml＂,               ＂--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus/data＂,               ＂--web.console.libraries=/prometheus/console_libraries＂,               ＂--web.console.templates=/prometheus/consoles＂,               ＂--web.enable-lifecycle＂,               ＂--web.enable-admin-api＂ ]
　　解读：使用amd64/busybox:1.35作为基础镜像，将Prometheus的二进制文件放入bin目录，将配置文件统一放入etc目录；将配置文件目录和数据存储目录定义为匿名卷；启动方式中，新增两项配置，开启配置文件的热加载和数据库管理功能。
　　在同目录下添加一个.dockerignore  文件，来屏蔽一些无关构建的文件：prometheus-*.linux-amd64.tar.gz etc构建镜像：
　　新建目录，将版本包和Dockerfile文件放入该目录# mkdir /root/prometheus;cd /root/prometheus # ls Dockerfile prometheus-2.33.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz
　　解压版本包，同时新建.dockerignore  文件，在该文件下添加与构建无关的文件或目录（这表示构建时，不将这些文件复制到构建上下文环境中）# tar -zxf prometheus-2.33.1.linux-amd64.tar.gz # cat .dockerignore prometheus-*.linux-amd64.tar.gz
　　执行构建命令docker build  $ docker build -t prometheus:v1 . Sending build context to Docker daemon  200.8MB Step 1/18 : FROM amd64/busybox:1.35  ---> 96b2896db672 Step 2/18 : LABEL maintainer=＂The Prometheus Authors ＂  ---> Running in 04e215d3c3e0 Removing intermediate container 04e215d3c3e0  ---> 88050ed9e09d Step 3/18 : ARG ARCH=＂amd64＂  ---> Running in 5ce5d1b12e0f Removing intermediate container 5ce5d1b12e0f  ---> 370832a62c71 Step 4/18 : ARG OS=＂linux＂  ---> Running in d7ea847b2d90 Removing intermediate container d7ea847b2d90  ---> cf9781cb7722 Step 5/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/prometheus                          /prometheus/bin/  ---> 42b4b03f8332 Step 6/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/promtool                            /prometheus/bin/  ---> 897066bd0ca3 Step 7/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/prometheus.yml                      /prometheus/etc/prometheus.yml  ---> b141fa2c22a6 Step 8/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/console_libraries/*    /prometheus/console_libraries/  ---> 228b62d5e860 Step 9/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/consoles/*             /prometheus/consoles/  ---> 5c9125f39322 Step 10/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/LICENSE                /prometheus/LICENSE  ---> c89f57bbceb6 Step 11/18 : COPY prometheus-*.${OS}-${ARCH}/NOTICE                 /prometheus/NOTICE  ---> 7e459dfd86fe Step 12/18 : WORKDIR /prometheus  ---> Running in 8f09cea3e03e Removing intermediate container 8f09cea3e03e  ---> ee1f386d159b Step 13/18 : RUN ln -s /prometheus/bin/prometheus /prometheus/bin/promtool /bin/ &&     chown -R root:root /prometheus  ---> Running in 093e9b6b8d14 Removing intermediate container 093e9b6b8d14  ---> 121df7a93221 Step 14/18 : USER       root  ---> Running in b4ffed0d491a Removing intermediate container b4ffed0d491a  ---> 75e2aada4653 Step 15/18 : EXPOSE     9090  ---> Running in b09e22947d56 Removing intermediate container b09e22947d56  ---> c700606bd44d Step 16/18 : VOLUME     [ ＂/prometheus/data＂, ＂/prometheus/etc＂ ]  ---> Running in e18dd4f3af2a Removing intermediate container e18dd4f3af2a  ---> 824d398febdd Step 17/18 : ENTRYPOINT [ ＂/bin/prometheus＂ ]  ---> Running in ff8fb122f2fb Removing intermediate container ff8fb122f2fb  ---> 414d2523bb9b Step 18/18 : CMD        [ ＂--config.file=/prometheus/etc/prometheus.yml＂,              ＂--storage.tsdb.path=/prometheus/data＂,              ＂--web.console.libraries=/prometheus/console_libraries＂,              ＂--web.console.templates=/prometheus/consoles＂,              ＂--web.enable-lifecycle＂,              ＂--web.enable-admin-api＂ ]  ---> Running in 56a8542d31a9 Removing intermediate container 56a8542d31a9  ---> 17f5fa014281 Successfully built 17f5fa014281 Successfully tagged prometheus:v1
　　查看构建的镜像：$ docker images REPOSITORY        TAG       IMAGE ID       CREATED         SIZE prometheus        v1        17f5fa014281   6 minutes ago   403MB amd64/busybox     1.35      96b2896db672   2 weeks ago     1.24MB prom/prometheus   latest    a3d385fc29f9   2 months ago    201MB # 可以看到自己构建的镜像比官方镜像大了一倍启动容器：
　　直接启动：$ docker run -td prometheus:v1  $ docker run -td -p 9090:9090 prometheus:v1
　　直接启动后，配置文件和数据存储目录将默认使用匿名挂载。
　　挂载路径使用docker inspect  命令查看
　　路径挂载（推荐）：
　　选择挂载出配置文件目录，数据存储目录使用默认的匿名挂载就行了。
　　由于路径挂载时，容器内挂载路径下的文件会被隐藏，同时Prometheus的启动又需要指定配置文件，所以启动容器前，需要提前将配置文件放在挂载点路径下，以避免容器启动后Prometheus进程无法启动，导致容器退出。
　　新建挂载点，并存放配置文件：$ tree /root/prometheus/etc /root/prometheus/etc   first_rules.yml   prometheus.yml   static_config       node_exporter.yml
　　然后就可以使用构建的镜像来启动容器了，命令如下# 选择其中一个即可 $ docker -td -v /root/prometheus/etc:/prometheus/etc prometheus:v1  $ docker run -td -p 9090:9090 --name prometheus-1 -v /root/prometheus/etc:/prometheus/etc prometheus:v1  $ docker run   	-td -p 9090:9090 --name prometheus-1      -v /root/prometheus/etc:/prometheus/etc      prometheus:v1
　　查看容器：$ docker ps CONTAINER ID   IMAGE           COMMAND                  CREATED              STATUS              PORTS                                       NAMES b2ebd62251ac   prometheus:v1   ＂/bin/prometheus --c…＂   About a minute ago   Up About a minute   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp   prometheus-1  $ docker ps --format ＂table {{.Image}}	{{.ID}}	{{.Ports}}	{{.Status}}	{{.Names}}＂ IMAGE           CONTAINER ID   PORTS                                       STATUS         NAMES prometheus:v1   b2ebd62251ac   0.0.0.0:9090->9090/tcp, :::9090->9090/tcp   Up 6 minutes   prometheus-1
　　访问Prometheus的UI界面：http://192.168.175.130:9090/
　　原文地址 https://www.cnblogs.com/MrReboot/p/15937802.html