跟老韩学UbuntuServer2204，aptfile帮助手册

　　apt-file 帮助手册
　　apt-file帮助手册如下。root@hanyw:~# man apt-file | grep -Ev ＂^#39; APT-FILE(1)                  User Contributed Perl Documentation                 APT-FILE(1) NAME        apt-file -- APT package searching utility -- command-line interface SYNOPSIS        apt-file [options] search pattern        apt-file [options] show package DESCRIPTION        apt-file is a command line tool for searching files in packages for the APT package        management system.        Some actions are required to run the search:        find            Alias for search.        list            List the contents of a package. This action is very close to the dpkg -L command            except the package does not need to be installed or fetched.            By default, the list action interprets its pattern as if --fixed-string was            specified.        list-indices            List the known Content indices and their status in a human readable format.            These indices can be searched via the -I option (when enabled and after fetching            the indices).  The output is subject to change without notice and is therefore            unsuited for script usage / automation.            For a machine-readable formats (e.g. automation), please use apt-config dump            (search for options starting with Acquire::IndexTargets) and apt-get indextargets            for checking the cache (Look for entries with an Identifier field starting with            Contents-).            Note that inpidual sources.list entries can override the global default.            Please consult sources.list(5) for more information on advanced configuration of            the sources.list files.        search            Search in which package a file is included. A list of all packages containing the            pattern pattern is returned.            Since Contents files does not contain directories, the pattern must match (part            of a) file name.            By default, the search action interprets its pattern as if --substring-match was            specified.        show            Alias for list.        update            This action that just calls apt update or apt-get update (depending on whether a            tty is available).            The only advantage using this over a regular apt update or apt-get update            directly is for the case where you have configured an apt-file specific            configuration (via the Dir::Etc::apt-file-main configuration option).  In that            case, said configuration will be included automatically. OPTIONS        The following options are available:        -a, --architecture architecture[,...]            This option is useful if you search a package for a different architecture from            the one installed on your system.            It can be a comma-separated list for searching on multiple architectures.        -c, --config-file APT config-file            Configuration File; Specify a configuration file to use. The program will read            the default configuration file and then this configuration file. If configuration            settings need to be set before the default configuration files are parsed specify            a file with the APT_CONFIG environment variable. See apt.conf(5) for syntax            information.            The configuration file will be read relative to when it appears on the command            line and can overwrite options that appear before it.            Note that the config file will also be passed to all APT tools called by apt-            file.        -D, --from-deb            Use contents of the given .deb archives(s) as patterns.  Useful for searching for            file conflicts with other packages.  Implies -F.        -f, --from-file            Read patterns from the given file(s), one per line.  Use - as filename for stdin.            If no files are given, then the list will be read from stdin.  This is much            faster than invoking apt-file many times.        --filter-origins origin[,...]            Only search indices from the listed origins (e.g. ＂Debian＂).            This filter matches against the name listed in the Origin field from the Release            file.            If set to ＂*＂, this filter will be disabled (mostly useful for overriding the            setting in a configuration file)            Alias of the APT config option: apt-file::Search-Filter::Origin        --filter-suites suite[,...]            Only search indices from the listed suites or codenames (e.g. ＂unstable＂).            This filter matches against the name listed in the Codename and Suite fields from            the Release file.  This means that either ＂unstable＂ or ＂sid＂ will match Debian＂s            unstable suite.            If set to ＂*＂, this filter will be disabled (mostly useful for overriding the            setting in a configuration file)            Alias of the APT config option: apt-file::Search-Filter::Suite        -F, --fixed-string            Do not expand search pattern with generic characters at pattern＂s start and end.            This is default for show and list actions.        --index-names type[,...], -I type[,...]            Only search indexes of the given name(s). If set to the special value ALL (case-            sensitive), then all apt-file indices are searched.            The name(s) must match one or more of the identifiers used in the APT            configuration (minus leading ＂Contents-＂).  Example if the configuration has the            following snippets:             Acquire::IndexTargets::deb::Contents-deb { ... };             Acquire::IndexTargets::deb-src::Contents-dsc { ... };             Acquire::IndexTargets::deb::Contents-udeb { ... };             Acquire::IndexTargets::deb::Contents-deb-legacy {                # Explicitly named to ＂Contents-deb＂                Identifier ＂Contents-deb＂;                ...;             };            Then, apt-file will recognise ＂deb＂, ＂dsc＂ and ＂udeb＂ as index names.            This option defaults to the value of the ＂apt-file::Index-Names＂ apt config            option (or ＂deb＂ if omitted).        -i, --ignore-case            Ignore case when searching for pattern.        -l, --package-only            Only display package name; do not display file names.        -o, --option APT::Option=Value            Set a Configuration Option; This will set an arbitrary configuration option. The            syntax is -o APT::Option=Value.  -o and --option can be used multiple times to            set different options.            This option can be used to overwrite other command line options (e.g. ＂-o            apt-file::Search-Filter::Origin=Debian＂ is effectively the same as            ＂--filter-origins Debian＂).            Note that the config options passed via this option will also be passed to all            APT tools called by apt-file.        --substring-match            Match if the given search pattern is a substring of a path or package.            This is default for search and find actions.        -v, --verbose            Run apt-file in verbose/debug mode.        -x, --regexp            Treat pattern as a (perl) regular expression. See perlreref(1) for details.            Without this option, pattern is treated as a literal string to search for.            Be advised that this option can be rather slow.  If performance is an issue,            consider giving apt-file non-regex pattern matching too much and pipe the output            to perl -ne ＂//＂.  This enables apt-file to use more optimizations            and leaves less work to the ＂slower＂ regex.        -h, --help            Display a short help screen. CONFIGURATION FILES        The apt-file command relies on the APT configuration.  Notably, the default        configuration makes apt fetch Contents files by default during a call to apt update.        For information on how to configure APT to fetch more or fewer Contents files, please        refer to /usr/share/doc/apt-file/README.md.gz.        The following files are notably interesting:        /etc/apt/apt-file.conf            Note this path is actually configurable by changing the value of the APT            configuration called ＂Dir::Etc::apt-file-main＂.  The listed value is merely the            default value of that option.            If this file is present, apt-file will read this file after all default APT            configuration files.  Any config file -c or option (-o) will be evaluated before            this file (and can override options set in it).            The file will also be passed on to all APT tools called by apt-file.        /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50apt-file.conf            Chooses which Contents files to download.  Note that apt-file recognises only            ＂Acquire＂ targets that starts with ＂Contents-＂.    Special configurations similar to apt-file 2        Here are some apt-file 2 related work flows and how to (almost) emulate them with        apt-file 3.  They are documented as a starting point for people, who are attached to        these.        The emulation may not be perfect for you out of the box.  Patches are welcome to keep        the examples updated as long as the examples remain ＂trivial＂.        •   Only make apt-file update fetch Contents files            If you are accustomed to apt update not fetching Contents files, then you can run            /usr/share/doc/apt-file/examples/apt-file-2-update.sh.  This script will            configure apt and apt-file accordingly after best effort.            Please read the resulting /etc/apt/apt-file.conf.        •   Creating/using ＂user＂ caches            Previous versions of apt-file had a ＂--cache＂ option, which could be used to            denote a directory to store the Contents files.  This can be emulated by doing:              # Setup              $ mkdir -p ~/.cache/apt-file ~/.config              $ touch ~/.cache/apt-file/dpkg-status              $ sed ＂/^Dir::State/ d; /^Dir::Cache/ d;＂                 /usr/share/doc/apt-file/examples/apt-file.conf                 > ~/.config/apt-file.conf              $ cat <> ~/.config/apt-file.conf            Dir::State ＂$HOME/.cache/apt-file＂;            Dir::Cache ＂$HOME/.cache/apt-file＂;            Dir::State::status ＂$HOME/.cache/apt-file/dpkg-status＂;            EOF              # Update the cache              $ apt-file -c ~/.config/apt-file.conf update              # Search using the cache              $ apt-file -c ~/.config/apt-file.conf show apt-file              # Removal of the cache + config              $ rm -fr ~/.cache/apt-file ~/.config/apt-file.conf            (You will probably want to add an alias apt-file in your ~/.bashrc)            Please read the resulting ./apt-file-user-cache.conf. BUGS, QUIRKS        There are some known issues or ＂quirks＂ that are good to keep in mind.        •   The Contents files do not include a leading slash on paths.  This means that            /bin/ls is listed as bin/ls in the Contents file.  If you are looking for            something in a top-level directory, it is often better to omit the leading slash.            The search algorithm will attempt to work around the leading slash, but it will            not work in all cases.  As a workaround, try to pull the leading slash to the            beginning of regular expressions.  For example, use ＂/(?:usr/bin/vim|sbin/lvm)＂            instead of  ＂/usr/bin/vim|/sbin/lvm＂.        •   When a new line has been added to the sources.list and apt update has not been            run, apt-file does not print a warning message.        •   By default, apt-file assumes that Contents files do not include a descriptive            header (explaining what the file is and how to interpret it).  However, some            tools have generated them with such a header (e.g. for old versions of Contents            files for the Debian archive or Contents files generated by reprepro prior to            version 5.2.0).            If you search such files, you will want to set            apt-file::Parser::Check-For-Description-Header to true (e.g. in            /etc/apt/apt.conf.d/50apt-file.conf) to have apt-file properly filter out the            headers to avoid false matches.            The reason this is not the default is that it costs a factor 2 in overhead while            most common Contents files no longer have the header.  (see #881405 for more            details).        •   Not all APT repositories have Contents files.  Notably common install media (CDs            etc.) may omit them to conserve space.            The default configuration by apt-file marks Contents files as optional and will            just silently fail to search in Contents files in such repositories. EXIT CODES        apt-file has the following defined exit codes, which can be used for scripting        purposes.        0   apt-file returned successfully.  If the command was a search, there was at least            one result.        1   apt-file completed a search successfully, but it had no results.        2   An error occurred (including invalid/conflicting user options).        3   apt-file could not complete the command because the cache was empty.  Please            ensure there are indices enabled in the APT config and run apt update to fetch            them.        4   apt-file could not complete the command because the cache does not have any files            matching the restrictions.  Either change the restrictions (e.g. --index-names)            or configure apt to fetch the relevant files and run apt update.        255 There was an internal errors / uncaught exception in apt-file.  Please file a bug            against apt-file.        Any other exit code is reserved for future use. SEE ALSO        apt(1), apt-cache(8), apt.conf(5)        The APT users guide in /usr/share/doc/apt/        The example config in /usr/share/doc/apt-file/examples        The README at /usr/share/doc/apt-file/README.md.gz perl v5.28.1                             2019-02-09                              APT-FILE(1)