关于英语说明文写作方法

　　1。比较对照
　　比较对照有两种，一是逐点比较，二是整块比较，即AB交错或先A后B：
　　1）逐点比较：多数人认为这种AB交错的方式可以避免行文的单调沉闷，对比的效果更鲜明突出。如：
　　Therearebasicdifferencesbetweenlargeandsmallenterprises。Inasmallenterprise，youoperatedmainlythroughpersonalcontacts。Inalargeenterprise，youhaveestablishedpolicies，channelsoforganization，andfairlystrictprocedure。Inthesmallenterpriseyouhaveimmediateeffectivenessinaverysmallarea。Youcanseetheeffectofyourworkandofyourdecisionsground。Inthelargeorganizationyouarenormallytaughtonethingthoroughly。InthesmallonethedangerisofbecomingaJackofalltradesbutmasterofnone。Inthelargeitisofbecomingthemanwhoknowsmoreandmoreaboutlessandless。
　　2）整块比较
　　Itiseasytobeawinner。Awinnercanshowhisjoypublicly。Hecanlaughandsinganddanceandcelebratehisvictory。Peoplelovetobewithwinners。Winnersareneverlonely。Unlikewinners，losersarethelonelyonesoftheworld。Itisdifficulttofacedefeatwithdignity。Loserscannotshowtheirdisappointmentpublicly。Theycannotcryorgrieveabouttheirdefeat。Theymaysufferprivately，buttheymustbecomposedinpublic。Theyhavenothingtocelebrateandnoonetosharetheirsadness。
　　2。分类
　　分类是人类认识客观世界的重要手段之一，也是描写事物、解释观点最有效的方式之一。通过将一事物分类，可使复杂事物变得清晰明了，便于作者阐述自己的观点。
　　分类段落的各类排列要条理，可采用从主要到次要，从次要到主要，从多到少或从少到多等方式排列，亦可平行排列。如：
　　1）Asfaraspoliticalviewsareconcerned，peoplefallintothreecategories。Firstaretheconservativepeople。Conservativesareopposedtosuddenorgreatchanges。Secondaretheliberalpeople。Thesepeopleareinfavorofprogressandreform。Buttheiropinionsoftenseemtoidealistic。Thethirdtypeisthemoderatepeople。Themoderateskeepeverythingwithinreasonablelimits。Theyaremorepracticalinthishardworld。Inmyopinion，mostpeopleseemtobelongtothisgroup。