ASP。NETCoreIdentity系列之七

　　在这节中我们主要介绍在ASP。NETCoreIdentity如何使用Claims，ASP。NETCoreIdentityClaims是颁发给用户键值对（namevalue）表示用户允许做什么。例如，驾驶执照颁发机构给个人颁发驾驶执照，如果驾照上的DOB是1990年12月21日，那么在这种情况下，claimname是DOB，claimvalue是1990年12月21日，签发人是驾驶执照当局。这意味着用户是由驾驶执照当局授权驾驶汽车在前面的Identity例子可以看到认证用户是基于用户邮箱和密码，我们也可以授权一个用户访问特定资源。注意Identity的Role是Claims，但不是所有Claims都是Role，ASP。NETCoreIdentity通过使用claims做授权和认证，这节我们将覆盖更详细细节。IdentityClaims授权，最简单的方法是检查claimvalue，并允许基于该值访问资源创建一个ClaimsController控制器，修改Index方法返回User。Claims，代码如下：spanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanspanclasscodesnippetkeywordclassspanspanclasscodesnippettitleClaimsControllerspan：spanclasscodesnippettitleControllerspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanspanclasscodesnippettitleClaimsControllerspan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsspan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanIActionResultspanclasscodesnippettitleIndexspan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsspan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordreturnspanView（User。Claims）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝span在ASP。NETIdentity中如何获取用户的Claims呢？我们可以通过HttpContext对象的User属性，它返回当前用户的ClaimsPrincipal对象，该对象包含用户的所有claims，我们将该对象通过View展示到浏览器，创建一个Index。cshtml在ViewsClaims文件夹下，代码如下：spanclasscodesnippetoutermodelIEnumerablespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameSystem。Security。Claims。Claimspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterViewData〔Title〕Claims；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcontainerspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringrowmb3spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsmspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametablespanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringtabletableborderedalignmiddlespanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametheadspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan名称spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan颁发机构spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan类型spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan值spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametheadspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametbodyspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterforeach（varclaiminModel。OrderBy（xx。Type））spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Subject？。Namespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Issuerspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Typespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Valuespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametbodyspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametablespanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspan
　　我们运行应用程序使用并使用如下邮箱和密码进行登陆（如果没有可以自行添加）邮箱：tomyahoo。com密码：Coder77
　　导航到https：localhost：7296Claims
　　1、创建和删除Claims
　　对一个用户创建和删除IdentityClaims，首先创建一个新的Create。cshtml，在ViewsClaims目录下，代码如下：spanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterViewData〔spanclasscodesnippetstringTitlespan〕spanclasscodesnippetstring新增Claimspan；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterAllspanspanclasscodesnippetclassspanclasscodesnippetkeywordclassspanspanspanclasscodesnippetstringtextdangerspanspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterformmethodspanclasscodesnippetstringpostspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringmb3rowalignitemscenterspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm1spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamelabelspanspanclasscodesnippetattrforspanspanclasscodesnippetstringClaimTypespanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcontrollabelspanspanClaim类型：spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamelabelspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm11spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameinputspanspanclasscodesnippetattrnamespanspanclasscodesnippetstringClaimTypespanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringformcontrolspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringmb3rowalignitemscenterspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm1spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamelabelspanspanclasscodesnippetattrforspanspanclasscodesnippetstringClaimValuespanspanClaim值：spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamelabelspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm11spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameinputspanspanclasscodesnippetattrnamespanspanclasscodesnippetstringClaimValuespanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringformcontrolspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringmb3rowalignitemscenterspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm11offsetsm1spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamebuttonspanspanclasscodesnippetattrtypespanspanclasscodesnippetstringsubmitspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringbtnbtnprimaryspanspan保存spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamebuttonspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamebuttonspanspanclasscodesnippetattraspactionspanspanclasscodesnippetstringIndexspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringbtnbtnsecondaryspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter返回spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamebuttonspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameformspanspanspan接下来，更新Index。cshtml并添加新增按钮和删除按钮spanclasscodesnippetoutermodelIEnumerableSystem。Security。Claims。Claimspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterViewData〔spanclasscodesnippetstringTitlespan〕spanclasscodesnippetstringClaimsspan；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordclassspanspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcontainerspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringrowmb3spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm3spanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameaspanspanclasscodesnippetattraspactionspanspanclasscodesnippetstringCreatespanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringbtnbtnprimaryspanspan新增spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameaspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm3spanspanspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm3spanspanspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsm3spanspanspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordclassspanspanspanclasscodesnippetstringrowmb3spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringcolsmspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametablespanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringtabletableborderedalignmiddlespanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametheadspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan名称spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan颁发机构spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan类型spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspan值spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamethspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspan删除spanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametheadspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametbodyspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterforeach（varclaiminModel。OrderBy（xx。Type））spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Subject？。Namespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Issuerspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。Typespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanclaim？。ValuespanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameformspanspanclasscodesnippetattraspactionspanspanclasscodesnippetstringDeletespanspanclasscodesnippetattrmethodspanspanclasscodesnippetstringpostspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameinputspanspanclasscodesnippetattrtypespanspanclasscodesnippetstringhiddenspanspanclasscodesnippetattrnamespanspanclasscodesnippetstringclaimValuesspanspanclasscodesnippetattrvaluespanspanclasscodesnippetstringclaim？。Type；claim？。Value；claim？。Issuerspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamebuttonspanspanclasscodesnippetattrtypespanspanclasscodesnippetstringsubmitspanspanclasscodesnippetattrclassspanspanclasscodesnippetstringbtnbtnsmbtndangerspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter删除spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamebuttonspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnameformspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametdspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametrspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametbodyspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnametablespanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippettagspanclasscodesnippetnamepspanspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetregexppspanspan最后我们在ClaimsController添加新增和删除方法，与此同时我们将UserManager类通过构造函数依赖注入进去spanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanspanclasscodesnippetkeywordclassspanspanclasscodesnippettitleClaimsControllerspan：spanclasscodesnippettitleControllerspanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordprivatespanUserManageruserManager；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanspanclasscodesnippettitleClaimsControllerspan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsUserManageruserManagerspan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouteruserManageruserManager；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanIActionResultspanclasscodesnippettitleIndexspan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsspan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordreturnspanView（User。Claims）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanIActionResultspanclasscodesnippettitleCreatespan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsspan）spanView（）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter〔spanclasscodesnippetmetaHttpPostspan〕spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanspanclasscodesnippetkeywordasyncspanTaskIActionResultspanclasscodesnippettitleCreatespan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsspanclasscodesnippetkeywordstringspanclaimType，spanclasscodesnippetkeywordstringspanclaimValuespan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordvarspanuserspanclasscodesnippetkeywordawaitspanuserManager。GetUserAsync（HttpContext。User）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterClaimclaimspanclasscodesnippetkeywordnewspanClaim（claimType，claimValue，ClaimValueTypes。String）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterIdentityResultresultspanclasscodesnippetkeywordawaitspanuserManager。AddClaimAsync（user？？spanclasscodesnippetkeywordnewspanAppUser（），claim）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordifspan（result。Succeeded）spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordreturnspanRedirectToAction（spanclasscodesnippetstringIndexspan）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordelsespanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterErrors（result）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordreturnspanView（）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouter〔spanclasscodesnippetmetaHttpPostspan〕spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordpublicspanspanclasscodesnippetkeywordasyncspanTaskIActionResultspanclasscodesnippettitleDeletespan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsspanclasscodesnippetkeywordstringspanclaimValuesspan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordvarspanuserspanclasscodesnippetkeywordawaitspanuserManager。GetUserAsync（HttpContext。User）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordstringspan〔〕claimValuesArrayclaimValues。Split（spanclasscodesnippetstring；span）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordstringspanclaimTypeclaimValuesArray〔spanclasscodesnippetnumber0span〕，claimValueclaimValuesArray〔spanclasscodesnippetnumber1span〕，claimIssuerclaimValuesArray〔spanclasscodesnippetnumber2span〕；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterClaim？claimUser。Claims。Where（xx。TypeclaimTypex。ValueclaimValuex。IssuerclaimIssuer）。FirstOrDefault（）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterIdentityResultresultspanclasscodesnippetkeywordawaitspanuserManager。RemoveClaimAsync（user？？spanclasscodesnippetkeywordnewspanAppUser（），claim）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordifspan（result。Succeeded）spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordreturnspanRedirectToAction（spanclasscodesnippetstringIndexspan）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordelsespanspanspanclasscodesnippetouterErrors（result）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordreturnspanView（spanclasscodesnippetstringIndexspan）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetkeywordvoidspanspanclasscodesnippettitleErrorsspan（spanclasscodesnippetparamsIdentityResultresultspan）spanspanspanclasscodesnippetouter｛spanspanclasscodesnippetouterspanclasscodesnippetkeywordforeachspan（IdentityErrorerrorspanclasscodesnippetkeywordinspanresult。Errors）spanspanclasscodesnippetouterModelState。AddModelError（spanclasscodesnippetstringspan，error。Description）；spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝spanspanclasscodesnippetouter｝span新增方法
　　首先我们从userManager。GetUserAsync（）获取当前用户，接着我们添加Claim对象，最后我们将Claim对象添加到用户中。userManager。AddClaimAsync（）可以为用户创建claim删除方法删除方法获取Claim值，切割字符串之后我们获取到了claimtype，claimvalueandclaimissuer对应的值，使用Linq获取选择的ClaimspanclasscodesnippetouterClaimclaimUser。Claims。Where（spanclasscodesnippetfunctionspanclasscodesnippetparamsxspanspanx。TypeclaimTypex。ValueclaimValuex。IssuerclaimIssuer）。FirstOrDefault（）；span通过调用userManager。RemoveClaimAsync（）将用户Claim删除2、测试
　　测试这个特性，运行应用程序并且使用tom用户进行登录，进入https：localhost：7296Claims页面，点击新增按钮：
　　我们在新增页面输入下面值：
　　每次创建完一个Claim，我们都需要重新登录，为了看到新的Claim我们必须重新登录一次：
　　现在我们通过点击删除按钮删除刚才创建的claim。每次删除完成之后我们需要重新登录一下，才能看到最新的数据状态
　　总结这一节我们主要介绍什么是Claims，针对当前用户如何创建和删除Claims，以及在表格内显示用户当前登录用户所有Claims。下一节我们将介绍如何使用Claims创建相应的策略进行用户认证，
　　源代码地址：
　　https：github。combingbingguiAsp。NetCoreSkilltreemasterAspNetCore。IdentityIdentity