Mymotherland我的祖国

　　中国概况 Introductions of China
　　中国是东方文明古国，自古以来，世界影响力引人注目。中国位于亚洲东部，太平洋西岸。中国省级行政区划为23个省，5个自治区，4个直辖市，2个特别行政区。
　　1. Territory 领土
　　China, officially called the People＂s Republic of China,is a sovereign state located in the southeast of Asia. It is the most populous country in the world, whose population is 1.4 billion. The capital city of China is Beijing. Covering approximately (大约) 9.6 million square kilometers, China is the world’s third largest by total area. China＂s landscape is vast and perse, ranging from forest steppes and the Gobi and Taklamakan deserts(塔克拉玛干沙漠) in the arid north to subtropical forests in the wetter south. The Himalaya ( 喜马拉雅山), Karakoram, Pamirand Tian Shanmountain ranges separate China from South and Central Asia. The Yangtze and Yellow River, the third and sixth longest in the world, run from the Tibetan Plateau to the densely populated eastern seaboard. China＂s coastline along the Pacific Ocean is 18.000 kilometres long, and is bounded by the Bohai, Yellow, East and South China Seas.
　　中国，官方全称为中华人民共和国，是一个位于东亚地区的主权国家。中国是世界上人口最多的国家，人口达到14亿多。中华人民共和国的首都位于北京。中国领土面积约960万平方千米，国家陆地面积在世界上排名第三。中国地形地貌多种多样，干旱的北方地区有森林草原、戈壁沙漠、塔克拉玛干沙漠，潮湿的南方地区有亚热带雨林。长江和黄河，分别是世界排名第三、第六的河流，发源于青藏高原，流入东部海域。中国在太平洋沿岸的海岸线长达1000千米，包括渤海、黄海、东海和南海海域。
　　2. Climate气候
　　China＂s climate is mainly dominated by dry seasons and wet monsoons, which lead to pronounced temperature difference between winter and summer In the winter, northern winds coming from high-latitude areas are cold and dry; in summer, southern winds from coastal areas at lower latitudes are warm and moist. The climate in China differs from region to region because of the country＂s highly complex topography,
　　中国的气候主要分为干旱季节和雨季，冬季干旱夏季多雨。在冬季，北部地区吹来的高纬度季风干冷; 在夏季，南部海域吹来的低纬度季风温暖潮湿。由于复杂的地貌，中国各地区的气候各不相同。
　　3. Plants and Animals动植物
　　China is home to at least 551 species of mammals (哺乳动物), 1221 species of birds, 424 species of reptiles and 333 species of amphibians (两栖动物). China has over 32,000 species of vascular plants, and is home to a variety of forest types. Cold coniferous forests predominate (占大多数)in the north of the country, supporting animal species such as moose and Asian black bear, along with over 120 bird species. Tropical and seasonal rainforests, though confined to Yunnan and Hainan Island, contain a quarter of all the animal and plant species found in China. China has over 10,000 recorded species of fungi (真菌), and of them, nearly 6,000 are higher fungi.
　　中国拥有至少551种哺乳动物，1221种鸟类，424种爬行动物，333种两栖动物。中国有超过32,000种维管植物，各种森林类型。寒带针叶林遍布北方地区，为麇鹿、黑熊、各种鸟类提供栖息地。热带和季风雨林，限于云南和海南地区，拥有四分之一的全国动植物品种。中国有超过10.000种真菌，其中，近600种真菌是高级品种。
　　4. Ethnic Groups民族
　　China officially recognizes 56 distinct ethnic groups, the largest of which are the Han Chinese, who constitute about 91.51% of the total population. The Han Chinese ---- the world＂s largest single ethnic group ---- outnumber other ethnic groups in every provincial level pision except Tibet and Xinjiang. Ethnic minorities account for about 8.49% of the population of Chine, according to the 2010 census. The 2010 census recorded a total of 593,832 foreign citizens living in China. The largest such groups were from South Korea, the United Sate and Japan.
　　中国有56个民族，汉族人口最多，占总人口91.51%。汉族，作为世界人口最多的民族，除西藏和新疆，在各省级行政区的人口中占大部分比重。根据2010人口普查，少数民族占全国人口的8.49%。2010人口普查显示在中国的外国人口达593,832人，主要包括韩国人、美国人和日本人。
　　5. Economy经济
　　Now China had the largest and most complex (复杂的)economy in the world for most of the past two thousand years, during which it has seen cycles of prosperity and decline. Since the introduction of economic reforms (改革 )in 1978, China has become one of the world’s fastest-growing major economies. As of 2013, it is the world’s second-largest economy by both nominal total GDP and purchasing power parity PPP, and is also the world’s largest exporter and importer of goods, China is also a member of numerous formal and informal multilateral (多国的) organization, including the WTO, APEC, BRICS, and so on. China is a regional power within Asia and has been characterized as a potential superpower by a number of commentators (评论家).
　　现在，中国已成为世界最大和最复杂的经济体----经过 2000多年的整个全球经济繁荣衰败的循环见证。自从1978年改革开放以来，中国成为全球经济增长最快的国家之一。2013年，中国的国民生产总值(GDP)和购买力评价位居世界第二，也是全球最大的进出口国。中国也加入多个正式或非正式的国际组织，包括世界贸易组织、亚太经济合作组织、金砖四国等等。中国成为亚洲区域强国，同时，也被许多评论家认为拥有强大潜力的超级大国。
　　☻用英语介绍中国，模拟对话
　　A：Look, this is a map of China.
　　B: Yeah. This map shows the geographical features of China.
　　A: 看，这是张中国地图。
　　B：对，从这张地图看出中国的地理特征。
　　A：Hey, don＂t you think the terrain and topography of China is very interesting.
　　B: Yes. There are three staircases of its terrain.
　　A: 嘿，你不觉得中国的地形和地貌非常有趣吗?
　　B: 是的，中国的地形有三级阶梯。
　　A: So how many ethnic groups are there in China?
　　B: Well, China has 56 ethnic groups, and the Han Chinese is the largest one .
　　A:中国有多少个民族?
　　B:嗯，中国有56个民族，汉族人口最多。
　　词汇注释
　　geographical feature地理特征。
　　staircase [ˈsteəkeis] n.梯状; 楼梯。
　　feature[ˈfiːtʃə]n. 特征，特性
　　topography [təˈpɔgrəfi] 地形,地貌
　　geographical [dʒiəˈgræfikəl]adj.地理的，地理学的
　　✭用英语介绍中国， 必用三句
　　1. The People＂s Republic of China is one of socialist states openly endorsing communism.
　　中华人民共和国是社会主义国家之一。
　　socialist[ˈsəuʃəlist]adj.社会主义的
　　2. Covering 9.6 million square kilometers, China is the world＂s third-largest country.
　　中国领土面积约960万平方千米，是世界三大面积的国家。
　　million [ˈmiljən]adj.百万的
　　3. China is the world＂s most populous countr.
　　在世界上，中国是人口最多的国家。
　　populous [ˈpɔpjuləs] adj.人口众多的