论山东筝曲与河南筝曲的异同

　　毕业论文
　　摘   要
　　筝是我国传统民族乐器宝库中最古老的乐器。秦汉以来古筝从我国西北地区逐渐流传到全国各地，古筝艺术就与当地语言、文化、经济、风俗等诸多因素及当地民歌、戏曲、说唱等相结合，从而逐渐形成了风格各异的演奏手法、特点和曲目。
　　而山东与河南地处交界，鲁西南和豫东北相毗邻，两省的音乐文化交流频繁，古筝音乐必然存在相互影响的关系。从地理位置来讲：山东筝和河南筝都属于＂北派＂，但两地不同的历史，造就了不同的文化。
　　所以，山东派与河南派在乐曲风格及乐曲结构等方面既有相似之处又各具特色。本文将从山东筝曲与河南筝曲的历史起源、乐曲结构、旋律节奏特征，用指技法等方面的异同对山东筝曲与河南筝曲进行比较。
　　关键词：山东筝曲；河南筝曲；碰8板；板头曲；牌子曲
　　ABSTRACT
　　The zheng is in our country tradition nationality musical instrument treasure house the most ancient musical instrument. Since the Qin and Han Dynasty the zheng has spread gradually from my northwest area to each place, zheng art on with the indigenous language, the culture, the economy, the custom and so on many factors and the local folk songs, the drama, the traditional entertainment involving talking and singing and so on unifies, thus has formed the different style performance technique law, the characteristic and the program gradually. But Shandong and Henan are situated at the border, southwest Lu adjoins with the Henan northeast, two provinces music cultural exchanges are frequent, zheng music still inevitably has the relations which affects mutually. Says from the geographical position: The Shandong zheng and the Henan zheng all belong ＂north sends＂, but two places different histories, have accomplished the different culture. Therefore, Shandong sends with Henan to send in aspect and so on music style and music structure both has similarly place and unique. This article from the Shandong zheng tune and the Henan zheng tune historical evolution, the musical form structure, the melody rhythm characteristic, the utilization will refer to aspect the and so on technique similarities and differences carries on the comparison to the Shandong zheng tune and the Henan zheng tune.
　　Key words: The Shandong zheng tune; Henan zheng tune; bumps eight boards; board names of the tunes; which qu are composed sub- tune