人教版高中英语必修5教案Unitampnbsp1ampnbs

　　unit1greatscientists
　　teachingaims
　　1。tohelpstudentslearntodescribepeople
　　2。tohelpstudentslearntoreadanarrationaboutjohnsnow
　　3。tohelpstudentsbetterunderstandgreatscientists4。tohelpstudentslearntousesomeimportantwordsandexpressions5。tohelpstudentsidentifyexamplesofthepastparticiple（1）asthepredicativeamp；theattributeperiod1warmingupandreadingteachingproceduresi。warmingupstepileadintalkaboutscientist。t：hi，morning，class。nicetoseeyouonthisspecialday，thedaywhenyoubecomeaseniortwograder。iamhappytobewithyouhelpingyouwithyourenglish。todaywearetoreadaboutacertainscientist。butfirstlet’sdefinethewordscientist。whatisascientist？ascientistisapersonwhoworksinscience，tryingtounderstandhowtheuniverseorotherthingswork。scientistscanworkindifferentareasofscience。herearesomeexamples：thosethatstudyphysicsarephysicists。thosethatstudychemistryarechemists。thosethatstudybiologyarebiologists。stepiiaskthestudentstotrythequizandfindoutwhoknowsthemost。t：therearesomegreatscientificachievementsthathavechangedtheworld。canyounamesomeofthem？whatkindofroledotheyplayinthefieldofscience？dotheseachievementshaveanythingincommon？matchtheinventionswiththeirinventorsbelowbeforeyouanswerallthesequestions。1。archimedes，ancientgreek（287212bc），amathematician。2。charlesdarwin，britain（18081882）。thenameofthebookisoriginofspecies。3。thomasnewcomen，british（16631729），aninventorofsteamengine。4。gregormendel，czech，abotanistandgeneticist。5。mariecurie，polishandfrench，achemistandphysicist。6。thomasedison，american，aninventor。7。leonardodavinci，italian，anartist。8。sirhumphrydavy，british，aninventorandchemist。9。zhangheng，ancientchina，aninventor。10。stepperhawking，british，aphysicist。ii。prereadingstepigetthestudentstodiscussthequestionsonpage1withtheirpartners。thenaskthestudentstoreporttheirwork。encouragethestudentstoexpresstheirdifferentopinions。1。whatdoyouknowaboutinfectiousdiseases？
　　infectiousdiseasescanbespreadtootherpeople。theyhaveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem。peoplemaybeexposedtoinfectiousdisease，somayanimals，suchasbirdflu，aids，sarsareinfectiousdiseases。infectiousdiseasesaredifficulttocure。2。whatdoyouknowaboutcholera？
　　choleraistheillnesscausedbyabacteriumcalledvibriocholerae。itinfectspeople’sintestines（肠），causingdiarrheaandlegcramps（抽筋）。
　　themostcommoncauseofcholeraisbysomeoneeatingfoodordrinkingwaterthathasbeencontaminated（污染）withthebacteria。
　　choleracanbemild（不严重的）orevenwithoutimmediatesymptoms（症状），butaseverecasecanleadtodeathwithoutimmediatelytreatment。3。doyouknowhowtoproveanewideainscientificresearch？anybodymightcomeoutwithanewidea。buthowdoweproveitinscientificresearch？therearesevenstagesinexamininganewideainscientificresearch。andtheycanbeputinthefollowingorder。whatorderwouldyouputthesevenin？justguess。findaproblemmakeupaquestionthinkofamethodcollectresultsanalysetheresultsdrawaconclusionrepeatifnecessaryiii。readingstepiprereadingdoyouknowjohnsnow？johnsnowisawellknowndoctorinthe19thcenturyinlondonandhedefeatedkingcholera。doyouknowwhatkindofdiseaseischolera？itisakindofterriblediseasecausedbydrinkingdirtywateranditcausedalotofdeathsintheoldtimesanditwasverydifficulttodefeat。let’sgettoknowhowdr。johnsnowdefeatedkingcholerain1854inlondoninthisreadingpassage：stepiiskimming找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。com
　　readthepassageandanswerthequestions。
　　1。whodefeatskingcholera？（johnsnow）2。whathappenedin1854？（choleraoutbreakhitlondon。）3。howmanypeoplediedin10days？（500）
　　4。whyistherenodeathatno。20and21broadstreetaswellasatno。8and9cambridgestreet？
　　（thesefamilieshadnotdrunkthewaterfromthebroadstreetpump。）
　　（optional）skimthepassageandfindtheinformationtocompletetheformbelow。whowhenwhathowresultjohnsnow1854helpingordinarypeopleexposedtocholeraexaminingthesourceofallwatersuppliesandfindingnewmethodsofdealingwithpollutedwasterkingcholeradefeated
　　stepiiiscanning
　　readthepassageandnumbertheseeventsintheorderthattheyhappened。
　　2johnsnowbegantotesttwotheories。1anoutbreakofcholerahitlondonin1854。4johnsnowmarkedthedeathsonamap。
　　7heannouncedthatthewatercarriedthedisease。3johnsnowinvestigatedtwostreetswheretheoutbreakwasverysevere。8kingcholerawasdefeated。5hefoundthatmostofthedeathswerenearawaterpump。6hehadthehandleremovedfromthewaterpump。
　　stepivmainideaandcorrectstage找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。comreadthepassageandputthecorrectstagesintothereadingaboutresearchintoadisease。
　　johnsnowdefeatskingcholera
　　paragraph
　　stages
　　generalideas
　　1findaproblem：whatcausethecholera？thecausesofcholera
　　2makeupaquestion：whichisright？thecorrectorpossibletheory
　　3thinkofamethod：testtwotheorycollectdataonwherepeoplewereillanddiedandwheretheygottheirwater
　　4collectresults：markthedeathplotinformationonamaptofindoutwherepeoplediedordidnotdie
　　5analyzetheresults：findtheresourceofthewaterlookintothewatertoseeifthatisthecauseoftheillness
　　6findsupportingevidencefindotherevidencestoconfirmhisconclusion
　　7drawaconclusionthepolluteddirtysourceofdrinkingwaterwastoblameforthecauseofthelondoncholera
　　stepvgroupdiscussionanswerthequestions（finishexercise2onpage3）1。johnsnowbelievedidea2wasright。howdidhefinallyproveit？
　　（johnsnowfinallyprovedhisideabecausehefoundanoutbreakthatwasclearlyrelatedtocholera，collectedinformationandwasabletotiecasesoutsidetheareatothepollutedwater。）
　　2。doyouthinkjohnsnowwouldhavesolvedthisproblemwithoutthemap？（no。themaphelpedjohnsnoworganizehisideas。hewasabletoidentifythosehouseholdsthathadhadmanydeathsandchecktheirwaterdrinkinghabits。heidentifiedthosehousesthathadhadnodeathsandsurveyedtheirdrinkinghabits。theevidenceclearlypointedtothepollutedwaterbeingthecause。）
　　3。choleraisa19thcenturydisease。whatdiseasedoyouthinkissimilartocholeratoday？（twodiseases，whicharesimilartoday，aresarsandaidsbecausetheyarebothserious，haveanunknowncauseandneedpublichealthcaretosolvethem。）stepviusingthestagesforscientificresearchandwriteasummary。
　　period2amp；3languagefocusstepiwarmingup1。characteristicn。aqualityorfeatureofsth。orsomeonethatistypicalofthemandeasytorecongnize。特征；特性whatcharacteristicsdistinguishtheamericansfromthecanadians。a。verytypicalofaparticularthingorofsomeone’scharacer典型性的，suchbluntnessischaracteristicofhim。windydaysarecharacteristicofmarch。〔辨析〕characteristic与character找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。comcharacteristic是可数名词，意为与众不同的特征character表示（个人、集体、民族特有的）性格、品质，还意为人物；文字whatyouknowabouthimisn’thisrealcharacter。2。putforward：tostateanideaoropinion，ortosuggestaplanorperson，forotherpeopletoconsider提出heputforwardanewtheory。theforeignershaveputforwardaproposalforajointventure。aninterestingsuggestionformeasuringtheatmospherearoundmarshasbeenputforward。puton穿上；戴上；增加putout熄灭（灯）；扑灭（火）putupwith忍受putdown写下来；放下；putoff耽误；延期putup建立；建造，putup举起，搭建，粘贴3。analyze：toexamineorthinkaboutsomethingcarefullyinordertounderstanditvt。分析结果、检讨、细察acomputeranalysesthephotographssentbythesatellite。theearthquakeexperttriedtoanalyzethecauseoftheearthquakeoccurredonmay12，。let’sanalyzetheproblemandseewhatwentwrong。heanalyzedthefoodandfoundthatitcontainedpoison。wemusttrytoanalyzethecausesofthestrike。analysisn。分析，解析，分解4。conclude：decidethatsth。istrueafterconsideringaltheinformationyouhave得出结论；推论出toendsth。suchasameetingorspeechbydoingorsayingonefinalthingvt。amp；vi结束，终止；weconcludedthemeetingat8o’clockwithaprayer。fromhisappearancewemaysafelyconcludethatheisaheavysmoker。whatdoyouconcludefromthesefacts？weconcludetogooutthatwewouldgoout。conclusionn。结论arriveataconclusion；cometoaconclusion；drawaconclusion；reachaconclusionwhatconclusiondidyoucometoreachdrawarriveat？fromthesefactswecandrawsomeconclusionsabouthowthepyramidswerebuilt。step2reading1。defeatvt。towinavictoryoversomeoneinawar，competition，gameetc。打败，战胜，使受挫i’vetriedtosolvetheproblem，butitdefeatsme！ourteamdefeatedtheirsinthegame。n。失败，输failuretowinorsucceedthismeansadmittingdefeat。theyhavegotsixvictoriesandtwodefeats。〔辨析〕win，beat与defeatwin赢得赛事、战事、某物；后接人时，意为争取赢得的好感或支持；说服beat战胜击败比赛中的对手，可与defeat互换webeatdefeatedtheirteamby10scores。theywonthebattlebutlostmanymen。thelocalballteamwonthestatechampionshipbybeatingdefeatingalltheotherteams。icaneasilybeatdefeathimatgolf。heistraininghardtowintheraceandrealizehisdreamofbecomingachampionattheolympicgames。2。expertn。someonewhohasaspecialskillorspecialknowledgeofasubject专家，能手anexpertinpsychologyanagriculturalexperta。havingspecialskillorspecialknowledgeofasubject熟练的，有专门技术的anexpertrideranexpertjob需专门知识的工作heisexpertinatcooking。找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。com3。attendvt。amp；vi参加，注意，照料bepresentat参加attendaceremonylectureamovieschoolclassameetingishallbeattendingthemeeting。pleaseletmeknowifyouareunabletoattendtheconference。attendto（on）：tolookafter，carefor，serve伺候，照顾，看护thequeenhadagooddoctorattendingonher。drsmithattendedherinhospital。治疗areyoubeingattendedto？接待motherhadtoattendtohersickson。attendto处理，注意倾听attendtothematteranurseattendstohisneeds。canyouattendtothematterimmediately？imaybelateihavegotoneortwothingstoattendto。excuseme，butihaveanurgentmattertoattendto。〔辨析〕attend，join，joinin与takepartinattend指参加会议、上课、上学、听报告等join指加入某组织、团体，成为其中一员joinin指加入某种活动；表示与某人一起做某事joinsb。insth。takepartin指参加正式的、有组织的活动，切在活动中起积极作用only2peopleattendedthemeeting。hejoinedthecommunistyouthleaguein。willyoujoinusinthegame？weoftentalepartintheafterclassactivities。4。expose：toshowsth。thatisusuallycovered暴露exposesth。tothelightofday把某事暴露于光天化日之下ithreatenedtoexposehim（tothepolice）。我威胁要（向警察）揭发他。heexposedhisskintothesun。他把皮肤暴露在阳光下。theoldmanwasleftexposedtowindandrain。whenhesmiledheexposedasetofperfectwhiteteeth。5。curevt。amp；n。tomakesomeonewhoisillwellagian治疗，痊愈
　　whenileftthehospitaliwascompletelycured。
　　curesbofadisease
　　whenyouhaveapaininyourshoulders，youwillgotoseeadoctor。thedoctorwillcureyou。theonlywaytocurebackacheistorest。
　　hewillcurethepaininyourshoulderswhenileftthehospitaliwascompletelycured。theillnesscannotbecuredeasily。althoughtheboywasbeyondcure，hisparentstriedtocurehimofbadhabits。
　　acureforadisease
　　aspirinissaidtobeawonderfulcureforthepain。thereisstillnocureforthecommoncold。isthereacertaincureforcanceryet？
　　acureforsth。：toremoveaproblem，orimproveabadsituation解决问题，改善困境thepricesaregoingupeveryday，butthereisnocureforrisingprices。〔辨析〕cure与treatcure主要指痊愈，强调的是结果treat强调治疗过程，指通过药物、特别的食品或运动治疗病人或疾病，不强调结果。theycuredmeofmyinfluenza。theytreatedmewithanewdrug。6。controlvt。amp；n。vt。：tohavepowerover，rule，direct控制，支配，管理
　　hecannotcontrolhisfeelingsanger。找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。com
　　youaretryingtocontrolmeasthoughiwereyourslave。
　　thegovernmenttriesitsbesttocontrolprices。beunderthecontrolof；beincontrolof；takegaincontrolof；getbeoutofcontrol；losecontrolof；beyondcontrolgeorgetookgainedcontrolofthebusinessafterhisfatherdied。thecarwentoutofcontrolandcrashedintothepole。
　　theheadincontrolofthecountry
　　thedriverlostcontrolofhiscaranditknockedintoatree。
　　mr。brownisincontroloftheshop。theshopisinthecontrolofmr。brown。
　　thismoneyisundercontrolofmrbrown。who’sincontroloftheproject？thefirehasbeenbroughtundercontrol。7。suggestv。建议；暗示；表明suggestdoingsth。thatclausemaysuggestedapicnicattheweekend。whatdidyousuggesttotheheadmaster？isuggestedleavingearlyfortheairport。shesuggestedthatherfather（should）giveupsmoking。他建议我们参观长城。hesuggestedtousavisittothegreatwall。hesuggestedusvisitingthegreatwall。hesuggestedthatwe（should）visitthegreatwall。suggest（暗示，表明）从句不用虚拟语气。thesmileonherfacesuggestedthatsheagreedwithme。thelookonhisfacesuggestedthathewashappy。hispalefacesuggestedthathewasseriouslyill。hisworksuggeststhatheisacarefulman。8。absorbtotakesth。inespeciallygradually吸收plantsabsorbcarbondioxide。incoldclimates，housesneedtohavewallsthatwillabsorbheat。paperthatabsorbsinkiscalledblottingpaper（吸墨纸）。
　　thebigcompanyhasgraduallyabsorbedthesesmallcompaniesintoitsownorganization。tounderstandfactsorideascompletelyandrememberthemit’shardtoabsorbsomuchinformation。beabsorbedinconcentrateon专心于heisabsorbedintheresearchofchinesehistoryrecently。
　　thewriterwassoabsorbedinhiswritingthatheforgottoflicktheashesfromhiscigar。iwassoabsorbedinabookthatididn’thearyoucall。absorbone’sattentionchinesehistoryabsorbshisattentionrecently。9。suspect：tothinkthatsomethingisprobablytrueorlikely，especiallysomethingbadvt。怀疑，猜疑n。嫌疑犯，有嫌疑的人adj。可疑的，靠不住的suspectsb。ofdoingsth。怀疑某人做shesuspectedhimoftakinghermoney。以为，猜想wesuspectedthathehadfinisheddoinghishomework。10。severea。soserious，sobad严厉的，苛刻的，严格的comeon！don’tbesoseverewiththechildren。hisreportcontainsseverecriticismofthecompany’sactions。hisseverelooksfrightenedme。veryharmfulorpainful，seriousoruncomfortable（疼痛）剧烈，的严重的，iwascaughtinaseverestormlastnightandcouldn’tgobackhomeintime。
　　hehassuchasevereillnessthathehasbeeninhospital。isufferedasevereattackoftoothache。hehadaseverepainintheleg。11。foresee：toknowthatsth。isgoingtohappenbeforeitactuallyhappensvt。预见，预料themethodwasusedinwaysthatcouldn’thavebeenforeseenbyitsinventors。fewanalystsforesawthatoilricewouldrisesosteeply。noonecouldhaveforeseenthingswouldturnatthisway。it’simpossibletoforeseehowlifewillworkout。12。blamev。责备；谴责；把归咎于n。过失；责备blamesb。sth。forsth。：tosayorthinkthatsb。orsth。isresponsibleforsth。bad因而指责it’snotfairtoblameme。it’snotmyfault。theyblamedthesecretaryforthedelayoftheplan。manychildrenareafraidofbeingblamedformakingmistakesinspeakingenglish。blamesth。onsb。sth。把归咎于：beresponsibleforsth。badthepoliceblamedthetrafficaccidentonjack’scarelessdriving。（be）toblame应受责备（主动表被动）；承担责任thedriverwasnottoblameforthetrafficaccident。whichdriverwastoblamefortheaccident？eitherheoriamtoblame。mr。greenstoodupindefenseofthe16yearoldboy，sayingthathewasnottheonetoblame。whoistoblameforthefire？taketheblame承担责任tosaythatsth。isyourfaultheisreadytotaketheblameforwhathadhappened。puttheblameon怪在身上it’snouseblamingourdefeatonhim。13。lookinto调查，了解，研究，浏览，向里看we’lllookintothecaseassoonaspossible。butnowtheauthorityislookingintothecostofmodifyingallofitswindows。thebuildingaroundthecornercaughtfirelastnight。thepolicearenowlookingintothematter。lookaround；lookafter，lookdownupon；lookfor；lookforwardto；looklike；lookover浏览，过目一遍；lookout；lookthrough浏览，检查；lookon；lookupto；14。handlevt。todealwith处理，买卖，操作n。把手，把柄thechildrenaresonaughtythaticanthandlethem。处理thisshophandlespaperandstationery。买卖wedon’thandlethatsortofbook。买卖howshallwehandletheproblem。处理canyouhandlethesituationatpresent？处理ithasafreehandle。活把手helearnthowtohandletheaxe。操作15。linkv。连接，thetwotownsarelinkedbyarailway。thenewbridgewilllinktheislandtothemainland。televisionstationsaroundtheworldarelinkedbysatellites。
　　thenewbridgewilllinktheislandtothemainland。n。researchershavedetectedalinkbetweensmokingandheartdisease。istherealinkbetweensmokingandlungdisease？alotoflinksfittedtogetherformachain。
　　linkup（with）连接，结合；linkwithto把与相连接16。announcetomakeknownpublicly；togiveinformationusingaloudspeaker，esp。atanairportorrailwaystation；tointroduceaprogramontvorradiothenewswasannouncedbyradiobeijing。everyonewassilentasheannouncedthewinnerofthecompetition。thecaptainannouncedthattheplanewasgoingtoland。thegovernmentannouncedthattheywouldbuildanewhighwaytothemountain。thearmyannouncedaceasefire。
　　theannouncerannouncesthreeprogramsaweek。ithasbeenannouncedthatmr。aandmissbwillbemarriednextweek。announcementtrainapproachannouncementhewaitedfortheannouncementoftheresultofthecompetition。makeanannouncement17。instruct：toteach；toorderwhoinstructsyourclassinhistory？mrblack。heisourinstructor。sheinstructedmeintheuseofthistelephone。ivebeeninstructedtowaithereuntilthelecturerarrives。thedoctorinstructedmetostayinbed。theoldworkersinstructusnotonlyinwordsbutdeeds。instruction：detaileddirectionsonprocedure；anorder；teachingthebossgavemesomanyinstructionsatonetimethatigotmuddledup。weforgottoreadtheinstructions。（aninstructionbook）underberry’sinstruction，islowlymasteredtheartofglassblowing。hegaveustheinstructionstofinishtheworkassoonaspossible。alwaysreadtheinstructionsonthebottlecarefullyandtaketherightamountofmedicine。
　　period4learningaboutlanguage（grammar）teachingaimstohelpstudentslearntouseusefulwordsandexpressionstohelpstudentslearntousethepastparticiple（1）asthepredicativeamp；attributeteachingproceduresi。makingalistmakeisawordwhichissoactivethatitformsnumerousphrases。nowmakealistofphraseslikemakealist，makemistakes。
　　collocationsofmakemakeaguess，makeahaircut，makehaste，makeholiday，makeinquires，makeajoke，makeajourney，makealanding，makealeap，makealiving，makeamistake，makeamotion，makeanoise，makeanote，makeanobjection，makeanoffer，makepeace，makepreparation，makeprogress，makeaprogress，makeapromise，makeaproposal，makearecovery，makearemark，makeareply，makeareport，makearequest，makearesolution，makeaspeech，maketrouble，makeaturn，makewarii。readingandfinding找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。comreadagainthetextjohnsnowdefeatskingcholeraandfindoutalltheexampleswherethepastparticipleisused。somanythousandsofterrifiedpeopledied。（usedasattribute）buthebecameinspiredwhenhethoughtabouthelpingordinarypeople。（usedaspredicative）iiidoingexercisesturntopage4andcompleteinpairsexercises1，2and3。thencheckyouranswersagainstyourpartners’。iv。learningaboutthemakingandusesofpastparticipletoformthepastparticipleofaverb，addtheendingedtothebaseform。（butnotethatmanycommonverbshaveirregularpastparticipleforms。）
　　thepastparticipleisusedinthefollowingcircumstancesaftertheauxiliaryhaveintheperfecttensehastheradiobeenfixedyet？afteraformoftheauxiliarybeinthepassivevoicetheradiowasfixedonmonday。aftertheverbshaveandgetwithacausativemeaningwehadtheradiofixedlastweek。asapassiveparticipialadjectivetherecentlyfixedradioisbrokenagain。
　　过去分词作定语1单个的过去分词作定语一般放在所修饰的名词之前；过去分词短语作定语一般要后置。twomarriedwomenafoundumbrellaausedstampfallenleavesanovelwrittenbyjimthelettersenttoourboss2过去分词具有被动或完成的含义。what’sthelanguagespokeningermany？theydecidedtorebuildthedamagedbridge。3过去分词作定语常可扩展为一个定语从句。heisfondofthefoodcooked（whichhadbeencooked）byyourmother。thereportisthebestofitskindeverwritten（thathaseverbeenwritten）。4有时通过一个形容词或数词加另一名词的ed形式构成复合形容词。athreeleggeddeskaoneeyeddoganhonestfacedmanawarmheartedlady
　　explaintheusageofthepastparticiplesaspredicativeandattribute。1。过去分词作表语表示主语所处的状态。用作表语的过去分词大多来自及物动词；不及物动词的过去分词能作表语的只限于少数表示位置转移的动词，如go，come，assemble等，它们用在连系动词之后，表示完成意义，无被动意义。例如：themanlookedquitedisappointed。heisgreatlydiscouragedbyherrefusal。hishairisnearlyallgone。已经形容词化了的过去分词大多可作表语，常见的有accomplished，amazed，amused，astonished，broken，closed，completed，complicated，confused，crowded，devoted，disappointed，discouraged，drunk，excited，frightened，hurt，interested，lost，satisfied，surprised，worried等。2。过去分词作定语a）用作前置定语的过去分词通常来自及物动词，带有被动意义和完成意义。例如：welikeskatinginthefrozenlakeinthewinter。welikeskatinginthelakewhichhasbeenfrozeninthewinter。howmanyfinishedproductshaveyougotuptonow？找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。comhowmanyproductsthathavebeenfinishedhaveyougotuptonow？来自不及物动词的过去分词很少能单独用作前置定语，能作这样用的仅限以下几个词，这时仅表示完成意义，不表示被动意义。例如：aretiredworkeraworkerwhohasretiredanescapedprisoneraprisonerwhohasescapedafadedwitheredfloweraflowerthathasfadedwitheredfallenleavesleavesthathavefallentherisensunthesunthathasjustrisenareturnedstudentastudentwhohasreturnedvanishedtreasuretreasurethathasvanishedb）用作后置定语的过去分词通常也来自及物动词，表示被动意义和完成意义。这时过去分词相当于一个定语从句。例如：thingsseenarebetterthanthingsheard。thingswhichareseenarebetterthanthingswhichareheard。thelobsterbroiledovercharcoalwasdelicious。thelobsterwhichwasbroiledovercharcoalwasdelicious。practice：将下列句子译成英语。1。他看上去又累又沮丧。2。我们一得到补充资金，就继续我们的实验。3。我们可以看到被阳光照亮的月球的一部分。4。经过一个激动和无眠的夜晚之后，第二天我强迫自己在海滨走了很久。5。早在1649年，俄亥俄州就决定在每一个城镇建立免费的、由税收支持的学校。6。彼得对这一切似乎很惊奇。sampleanswers：1。helookedtiredanddepressed。2。wewillgoonwithourexperimentassoonaswegettheaddedfund。3。wecanseethepartofthemoonlightedbysunlight。4。afteranightspentinexcitementandsleeplessness，iforcedmyselftotakealongwalkalongthebeachthenextday。5。asearlyasin1649，ohiomadeadecisionthatfree，taxsupportedschoolsmustbeestablishedineverytown。6。peterwasveryamazedatallthis。v。languagepoints1。cometoanend结束，终结，终止themeetinghascometoanend。bringtoanend；drawtoanend；putanendtosth。i’mdeterminedtoputanendtoalltheserumours。3。constructionn。建造，建设，构筑theconstructionofthedamtookseveralyears。thenewbridgeisstillunderconstruction。underconstructionrepairdiscussion在建设中4。contributevt。amp；vi捐献，贡献，捐助everyoneshouldcontributewhathershecanafford。contributeto有助于，促成contributesth。to把捐赠给，给投稿，为贡献makeacontributionto为做贡献allthiscontributedtooursuccess。hecontributedfivemilliondollarstotheredcross。hecontributedsomearticlestothenewspaper。freshairandexercisecancontributetogoodhealth。5。apartfrom除之外（还有）iateeverythingapartfromthesoup。（except）whatdoyoulikedoingapartfromswimming？（besides）
　　period5usinglanguage（grammar）stepiprereading
　　1。talkaboutthecenterofthesolarsystem。
　　doyouknowwhatisthecenterofthesolarsystem？askthestudentstolookatthepicturesonpages7。andremindthemofthecommonknowledgeofsuncenteredtheory。
　　2。talkaboutcopernicus。weknowthefirstscientistiscopernicus。hewasoneofthefirstscientiststousemathematicalobservationstocollectinformation。hebelievedthesunisthecenteroftheuniverseandtheearthandotherplanetswentaroundit。stepiireading
　　1。readthroughthepassage，andtellwhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrueorfalse。
　　（1）atcopernicus’time，christianchurchwasinchargeofmanywesterncountries。（t）
　　（2）copernicusnoticedthatobservedfromtheearth，someplanetsappearinfrontoforbehindtheearth。（f）
　　（3）copernicusdidn’tshowhisnewtheorytohisfriendsuntilhecompletedit。（t）（4）hisfriendswerenotinterestedinhisideas。（f）
　　（5）sincehewasnotafraidofbeingattackedbythechurch，copernicuspublishedhisbookassoonashefinishedworkingonit。（f）（6）newton，einstein，andhawkingareallscientistswhomadecontributiontothestudyoftheuniverse。（t）2。readcarefullyandtrytodrawthetwotheoriesoftheuniverse。thistimethestudentsareencouragedtoreadthepassagecarefullyandthendotheexercisesandproblemsonpages7。encouragethestudentstofulfillthemquicklyandcorrectly。andchecktheanswerstogether。
　　beforecopernicus’theory
　　showingcopernicus’theoryadiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththeearthatitscentreadiagramshowingthesolarsystemwiththesunatitscentre
　　stepivlanguagepointsusinglanguage1。leadtosuchamistakewouldperhapsleadtodisaster。allroadsleadtorome。toomuchworkandtoolittlerestoftenleadtoillness。hisworkleadstosuccessintheend。2。only放句首的倒装onlythendidirealizethatiwaswrong。onlywithhardworkcanyouexpecttogetapayriseonlywhenthewarwasoverwasheabletogetbacktowork。3。makesense讲得通，有意义；makesenseof理解doesthatseemtomakesense？nomatterhowitriedtoreadit，thesentencedoesnotmakeanysensetome。tom，don’tlistentoher。whatsheissayingdoesn’tmakesense。doesitmakesensetoletchildrenplaywiththematches？canyoumakesenseofwhatisaidwhatthewriterissaying？itwouldmakesensetoleaveearly。4。beenthusiasticfor（about）对热心davidisveryenthusiasticabouttheplan。theyareenthusiasticadmirersofthatmoviestar。myparentsareenthusiasticskiers。滑雪迷yourfatherlikestoplaygold；he’sreallyenthusiasticaboutit。5。becautiousofabout对谨慎，慎重（带有提防、迟疑的心理）sheiscautiousofhurtinghisfeelings。hewascautiousaboutcommittinghimself。thebankwasverycautiousaboutlendingmoney。6。pointofview观点、态度ifonehasanopenmind，itiseasytoappreciateanother’spointofview。fromthatpointofview，thebestchoiceistosupportthem。frommypointofview，teachersarenotwellpaid。7。名词、副词当连词everytimeimeethim，ialwaysthinkofthethingshappenedbetweenus。iwillgivethelettertohimimmediatelythemomentdirectlyinstantlyiseehim。8betodoyouarenottospeakloudlyintheoffice。thedriverwastoblamefortheaccident。9。havesthdone结构中的宾补成分hehadtohavehiscarrepaired，foritbrokedownthismorning。markhadhishaircutyesterday。10。debatewehadadebateyesterday。thelivelydebatereallypumpedusup。hisheartwaspumpingfast。duringthedroughtlastyear，thevillagershadpumpedthewelldry，butgotnomorewater。11。completea。彻底的，完整的，已完成的v。完成，使完成iwillcompletethistasksoon。whenwilltheworkbecomplete？heisacompletescholar。whenwilltherailwaybecompleted？12。reject拒绝，驳回，丢弃thesupermarketrejectedallspottedapples。herejectedtheirofferofajob。thechildwasrejectedbyitsparents。13。inadditionanumberofpeoplecametothezooinadditiontopeterandpaul。theteacherinadditiontotwostudentsisatthemeeting。inadditiontogivingageneralintroductiontocomputer，thecoursealsoprovidespracticalexperience。inadditiontoanalbum，igavehimapenandapencil。inadditiontoapplesyouaskedfor，iboughtyousomeoranges。apartfromwhatdoyoulearnapartfromenglish？apartfrombeingfunandgoodexercise，swimmingisaveryusefulskill。also；aswellas；besides14。value找教案http：www。zhaojiaoan。comwhatisthevalueofthis18kwhitegolddiamondnecklace？itcostme2，000（itwasworth2，000。），butivaluedthenecklaceat1，000。itwasavaluablediamondnecklace。valuen。：theamountofmoneythatsth。isworththelongmandictionaryofcontemporaryenglishisofgreatvaluetoyou。hisresearchhasbeenofnolittlepracticalvalue。valuevt。：todecidethathowmuchsth。isworthivalueyourfriendshipveryhighly。valuableadj。：worthalotofmoney