Module1Unit2Growingpainsreadin

　　momanddadarrivedbackfromvacationadayearlierthanexpected。（page22，line2）爸爸和妈妈外出度假，比孩子们预计的时间提前一天返回家中。thanexpected意思是比预期的，比预料的thereweremoremenwhodiedintheaircrashthanreported。在飞机坠毁中死亡的人数比报道的要多。expectvt。期望，指望，期待；预期，预料sth。todosth。expectsb。todosth。sth。fromsb。thatclauseso。not。wewereexpectingyouateight，butyoudidn’tturnup。我们预计你八点钟来的，但是你没有来。heisaselfishman。youcan’texpecttoomuchfromhim。howcanyouexpecttomakeprogressifyoudon’tworkhard？你不下苦功怎么能指望取得进步？iexpecthimtopassthecollegeentranceexam。我预料他会通过高考考试。willitraintomorrow？明天会不会下雨吗？iexpectso（not）。我想是（不是）。ex。hecamebacklaterthan。a。much；expectingb。very；expectedc。much；expectedd。even；tobeexpected2。doesthismealcost50？isomethingfarbetterthanthis！a。preferb。expectc。suggestd。suppose3。doyouthinkthestarswillbeatthebulls？yes。theyhavebetterplayers，soithemtowin。a。hopeb。preferc。expectd。wantericrunsinafterit，followedbyadog，walkingveryslowly。埃里克跑进起居室追足球，身后跟出一条大狗，走路慢吞吞的herefollowedbyisthepastparticipialphrase，usedasadverbialofmanners，whichmeans‘ericisfollowedbyabigdog’；walkingisthepresentparticipleformoftheverbwalk，whichshowswhatthedogisdoing。a。themanagercamein，（follow）bythesecretary，whowasholdingthefilesneededforthemeeting。b。thesecretarycamein，（follow）themanager。heputonhiscoatandappearedonthestage，（dress）asapoliceman。hesatonthesofa，（read）hisfavouritenovel。（talk）and（laugh），theycameintotheclassroom。pleasefillinthisform，（give）yourname，address，etc。ex。hisfather，wanglinenteredtheroom，byhistwobrothers。a。follow；followb。following；followc。followed；followingd。following；followedtherewasaterriblenoisethesuddenburstoflight。a。followedb。followingc。tobefollowedd。beingfollowed3。mothersatthere，silent，ofherpast。a。tothinkb。thoughtc。thinkingd。wasthinking4。heisastudentatoxforduniversity，foradegreeincomputerscience。a。studiedb。studyingc。tohavestudiedd。tobestudying5。asthelightturnedgreen，istoodforamoment，not，andaskedmyselfwhatiwasgoingtodo。a。movedb。movingc。tomoved。beingmovedyouweren’tsupposedtocomehereuntiltomorrow！你们不是应该明天才回来的吗？besupposedto（something）isexpectedtohappenaccordingtothearrangement（按照规定、习惯、安排等）应该（做），理应被期待。有时含有本来应该如何如何，但事实并非如此。之意。thesportsmeetingwassupposedtotakeplaceontuesday，butwehadtopostponeitduetothebadweather。thedoor，althoughsupposedtobeopen，isnowlocked。门，本应该开着，现在却关着。我们本来应该八点钟到达这里，而我们却迟到了。。youarenotsupposedtosmokeonthebus。你不可以在公共汽车上抽烟。不定式有时用进行形式或完成形式：shewassupposedtobereadingathome，buthermotherfoundherinthepark。她本来应该在家里读书的，可是她妈妈却发现她在公园。thisisn’twhatwearesupposedtobediscussing。这不是我们应该正在讨论的。ex。1。youshouldapologizetoher，barry。，butit’snotgoingtobeeasy。（XX浙江）a。isupposesob。ifeelsoc。iprefertod。iliketo2。thetrainarriveat1：30，butitwasanhourlate。a。wasabouttob。waslikelytoc。wassupposedtod。wascertainto3。whydidn’tyoukeepyourwords，billy？sorry，dear。butireallyforgotwhereiwastomeetyou。a。demandedb。imaginedc。supposedd。guessed4。theprofessoralsomentionedanarticlebyzhuziqing。a。supposedtohavebeenwrittenb。supposedtobewrittenc。supposingtohavebeenwrittend。supposingtobewrittenthemoneywithwhichyouweretobuydogfoodisgone，butspotlookssohungry！（page22，lines1314）让你们用来买狗食的钱已经花光了，可是斑点看上去还是这么饿！be不定式结构一、表示将来的安排，将来的计划，按计划或安排将要发生的事情i’mtohaveteawithbettythisafternoon。今天下午我将与贝蒂一起喝茶。thetrainistoarriveinxuzhouat10：25a。m。。这趟火车将于10：25到达徐州。
　　thechildrenaretobuysomenewclothesforthecomingspringfestival。春节将至，孩子门将买几件新衣服明天早晨八点我们将在校门口集合。。二、表示命令指示、禁止、职责、义务、同意、决定、某事应当必须如何做（betoindicatessomethingshouldoughttobedone）等youaretocallyourmothertoletherknowyouhavesafelyarrivedwhenyoureachthedestination。youaretogotothehotelwhereroomshavealreadybeenbookedforyou。你们就去旅馆，房间已经给你们订好了。thisdoorisnottobeopened。此门不得打开。你所借的图书应当于7月5日前归还。thebooksyouborrowedbeforejuly5。ex。1youareallyourhomeworkbeforeyouleaveschool，saidtheteacher。a。tofinishb。finishingc。finishedd。finish2ourtvsetssellwell，buttenyearsagonoonecouldhaveimaginedsuchabigshareinthemarketthatthey。a。werehavingb。hadhadc。weretohaved。had3。ifyoubeintimefortheearlybus，besuretogetupbeforefiveo’clockinthemorning。a。aretob。areabouttoc。aregoingtod。aredueto4。inaroomabovethestore，whereaparty，someworkerswerebusilysettingthetable。a。wastobeheldb。hasbeenheldc。willbeheldd。isbeingheld5。hetraveledtomanymountainvillagesandsawmanypoorchildrenoutofschool。thisexperiencehislife。a。wouldchangeb。hadchangedc。wastochanged。waschangingthisisnotafamilywherebadbehaviorgoesunpunishedandyou（pages2223，lines2829）这个家可不是一个对不良行为听之任之的地方，而你gounpunishedinthephrasegounpunished，goisalinkingverbmeaning‘beorremaininaparticularandusuallyundesirablestate’。不受惩罚go过去分词herdecisionwentunchallenged。她的决定未引起异议。
　　hercomplaintswentunnoticed。他的抱怨未引起注意。itisnecessarynottoleterrorsgouncorrected。有了错误就必须纠正。go连系动词变，变成，后多跟形容词作表语，表示主语由好变坏，或由正常情况变成特殊情况。还可以跟有关颜色的形容词。become和get的变化可以是由好变坏，也可以是由坏变好。gowrongcoldhardredmadblindbadhungry出毛病变冷变硬变红发疯变瞎变坏挨饿manypeoplearestillgoinghungryallovertheworld。世界上很多人仍在挨饿。myfatherwentgreywhenhewasinhislatethirties。我父亲不到四十岁就两鬓斑白了。hewentpaleatthenews。听到这消息他脸色发白。他听到这个消息时几乎发疯了。。ex。1。onhearingthenewsoftheaccidentinthecoalmine，shepale。a。gotb。changedc。wentd。appearedlistentomeyoungmanrememberthedaywhenweleftyouincharge？听我说年轻人还记得那一天我们将这个家委托你负责的吗？leave用作使役动词，表示使某人某物继续处于某种状态，听任，让做，其后可以接名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、现在分词、过去分词、不定式等作宾语的补足语，构成leave复合宾语结构。jack’sfatherdied，leavinghimanorphan。杰克的父亲去世了，使他成为孤儿。whowasitthatleftthedooropen？是谁让门开着？theboysranout，leavingallthelightson。helefthissoninchargeoftheshop。thepoorfarmerdied，leavinghiswifeandthreechildreninpoorerconditions。don’tleaveyourfriendwaitingoutside。letherin。hermotherwalkedoffandlefthersittingthereallbyherself，crying。她妈妈走了，让她一个人孤零零地坐在那里哭泣。hehurriedoffafterreceivingaphonecall，leavingallhisworkhalfdone。betterleaveitunsaid。〔谚〕话还是不讲出来为好。leavefuturetotakecareofitself。让未来自然发展。sheleftmetotakecareofthebaby。她托我照顾她的婴儿。ericsitsonhisbedlookingatdaniel，whohashisarmscrossedandlooksangry。（page23，lines3637）埃里克坐在床上，瞧着双臂交叉、一脸怒气的丹尼尔。lookingatdaniel为现在分词短语，在句中作伴随状语，表示与主句同时发生的动作。hesattheredoinghishomework。writinghiscomposition。等汽车。。看报。。观看女学生打篮球。。shefinishedallherwork，feelingquiterelaxed。她完成了全部工作，感到松了一口气。thechildrenreviewedtheirlessonsintheclassroom，reading，writingorlisteningtothetape。孩子们在教室里复习功课，读书，写字或听录音。havesthdone有主语请求别人做某事和表示主语遭遇某种（不幸的）事情等多种意思。thesmithshadgottheirhousepaintedyesterday。史密斯一家昨天请人油漆了房屋。yourskirtwantsneedswashing，mary。yes。i’mgoingtohaveitwashedtomorrow。maryhadherpursewatchstolenonthebusyesterday。wouldyoupleasehavethewindowclosed？ex。1thesecretaryworkedlateintothenight，alongspeechforthepresident。a。toprepareb。preparingc。preparedd。waspreparing2thevisitingministerexpressedhissatisfactionwiththetalks，thathehadenjoyedhisstayhere。a。havingaddedb。toaddc。addingd。added3。mywifeisplanningtohavethefurniturelightgreen。a。paintb。paintedc。paintingd。topaint4。ihaveacompositionthisafternoonandiwon’thavemyhair。a。written；cutb。towrite；cutc。towrite；tocutd。written；tocut5。didpeterfixthecomputerhimself？he，becausehedoesn’tknowmuchaboutcomputers。a。hasitfixedb。hadfixeditc。haditfixedd。fixeditwefeelyoushouldnothavedonethat。（page24）我们觉得你真不应该这样做。shouldoughttohavedonesth意为本来应该干，但未shouldn’toughtn’ttohavedonesth本来不应该做却做了iwonderwhyshehasn’twrittentouslately。weshouldhaveheardfromherbynow。ioughttohavephonedjackthismorning，butiforgot。sheshouldn’thaveleftthehospitalsosoon，forshehadnotyetrecoveredhedidn’tattendthemeeting。heshouldn’thavebeenabsent，becauseheknewhowimportantthemeetingwas。ex。1。itoldyourfriendhowtogettothehotel，butperhapsihavedrivenherthere。a。couldb。mustc。nightd。should2。mr。whiteat8：30forthemeeting，buthedidn’t’showup。（XX全国）a。shouldhavearrivedb。shouldarrivec。shouldhavehadarrivedd。shouldbearriving3。jacktakentothehospitalimmediately。，butalleffortsmadenodifference。a。oughttohavebeen；sohewasb。oughttobe；soheoughttoc。oughttohavebeen；sohedidd。oughttobe；sohewas4。mycat’sreallyfat。youhavegivenhersomuchfood。（XX浙江）a。wouldn’tb。couldn’tc。shouldn’td。mustn’tistillwishwecouldgoandseeafilmtomorrowthough！（page31）但我还是希望明天能去看电影。thoughadv。然而，可是，但是，用于句末补充说明，使语气削弱。welostthegame。welearnedalotfromitthough。thisisthethirdtimethatjackhasfailedthedrivingtest。heisnotdiscouraged，though。比较下列句子中though作连词和副词的用法：thoughitwasraininghard，theplayersdidn’tstopthegame。itwasraininghard。theplayersdidn’tstopthegame，though。ex。1。thoughheisinhissixties，heworksashardasayoungman。a。yetb。butc。andd。andyet2。youdon’tseemtobequiteyourselftoday。anythingthematter？i’msufferingfromacold。nothingserious，。a。yetb。thoughc。insteadd。either3。howiseverythinggoingonwithyouineurope？quitewell。notsosmoothlyasihoped，。（XX江苏）a。thoughb。insteadc。eitherd。toorecentlyhehasbeenrefusingtodohishomework，andinsteadinsistsonwastinghistimewatchingdvdsandlisteningtoforeignmusic。（page38）最近，他就是不做作业，而是把时间浪费在看dvd、听外国音乐上。现在完成进行时构成：havebeendoingsth。用法：表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到现在的动作。这个动作可能刚刚结束，也可能仍在继续，并可能延续到将来。（表示到现在为止一直在发生或反复进行的动作）howlonghaveyoubeenwaitinghere？ihavebeenwaitinghereforabouthalfanhour。你在这儿等多久了？我在这儿大概等了半个小时。professorwanghasbeendoingtheresearchonenglishliteratureformorethan30years。hehaswrittenmorethan10books，someofwhichhavebeenpublishedinenglandandtheusainrecentyears。nowheisteachingenglishliteratureinafamousuniversity。比较下列各句，注意现在完成时和现在完成进行时在时间概念上的区别：i’vewrittenanarticle。我写好了一篇文章。（现在已经写完了）i’vebeenwritinganarticle。我一直在写一篇文章。（现在还在写）ex。1。shy；shy；shy；shy；shy；hi，alan，ihavenotseenyouforweeks。whatrecently？studying。a。haveyoubeendoingb。haveyoudonec。wereyoudoingd。didyoudo2。hi，tracy，youlooktired。iamtired。ithelivingroomallday。a。paintedb。hadpaintedc。havebeenpaintingd。havepainted3。iwon’ttellthestudenttheanswertothemathproblemuntilheonitformorethananhour。（XX湖北）a。hasbeenworkingb。willhaveworkedc。willhavebeenworkingd。hadworked4。ihavegotaheadache。nowonder。youinfrontofthatcomputertoolong。（XX江西）a。workb。areworkingc。havebeenworkingd。worked答案：expect：1。c2。b3。cfollowedbywalking：a。followedb。following15dbcbbbesupposedtweweresupposedtobehereateight，butwearelate。14accabe不定式结构：1。wearetomeetattheschoolgateateighto’clocktomorrowmorning。2。aretobereturned15acaacgo过去分词：hewentalmostmadwhenheheardthenews。ex。1。c现在分词短语，在句中作伴随状语：1。waitingforthebus。2。readingnewspaper。3。watchingthegirlstudentsplayingbasketball。15bcbbcshouldoughttohavedonesth：14daacthoughadv：13aba现在完成进行时：14acac