englisharoundtheworld教案 thethirdperiod 从容说课 thisisthethirdperiodoftheunit。thelessondealsmainlywiththegrammar,thatis,thestructurewhichexpressescommandsandrequestsandthereversaloftheindirectspeechanddirectspeech。thesecondpartofthisperiodisanotherpassagestandardenglishanddialects。afterit,thereisanexerciseforustomakeupdialoguesusingthecommandsandrequests。thispartistogivestudentsachancetopracticethiskindofstructure。thesecondpartofthisperiodisanotherpassagestandardenglishanddialects。 inthislessonwefirstreviewthegrammarwelearninlastunit。sostudentswillbeaskedtodosomeexercisesaboutthisgrammaritem。bydoingso,studentscanrecallsomerulesofthereversalbetweenthedirectspeechandindirectspeech。then,studentswillhaveatasktotelltherequestsfromcommands。thenshowthesentencepatternsofrequestsandcommands。usingistheaimofthelanguageteaching,soafterlearningthestructures,themostimportantoneistoputthemintouse。afterdoingsomeexercisesaboutreversalofdirectspeechandindirectspeech,studentswillusethesesentencepatternsindailylifebymakingupdialoguesaccordingtothesituationonpage13。tomakethestudentsmasterthestructurewell,ithinkitisnecessarytooffermorepractice。 andthepassageinthispartistoprovidestudentswithmoreinformationonenglishandimprovestudents’readingspeed。soithinkitisnotnecessarytotreatitasanintensivereadingmaterialaccordingtotheaim。instead,iwillteachitasanextensivereadingpassage。 三维目标 1。knowledge: learnandmasterthesentencepatternswhichexpressanorderandarequest,andtheirdifferentfeatures。 2。ability: usethesepatternstocommunicatewithothers。 3。emotion: helpstudentsmasterthepointsinthisperiod。 教学重点 pointoutthefeaturesofanorderwhichusestheimperative,namelytellordersb。todosth。andarequestwhichusesaquestionformoranimperative,verypolite,namelyasksb。todosth。 教学难点 howtochangeordersandrequestsintoreportedordersandrequests。 教具准备 slides 教学过程 step1greetingsandrevision greetthewholeclassasusual。 reviewtheusefulwordsandexpressionsbylettingstudentsmakeupsentencesusingthesewordsandexpressions。 step2grammar t:inthelastunit,wehavelearntsomethingaboutthedirectspeechandindirectspeech。weknowwhilewechangedirectspeechintoindirectspeech,weshouldchangemanythingssuchasthetense,someadverbialsandsomeverbs。 nowlet’sfirstdosomeexercises。 turnthefollowingintoindirectspeech 1。ibrokeyourcdplayer,hesaidtome。 2。areyousureyoudidn’tdoanythingtothis?heaskedme。 3。afriendinneedisafriendindeed,mothersaidtome。 4。tomsaid,iboughtabookformybrotheryesterday。 5。hesaid,ishallmeetheratmyoffice。 6。theteachersaid,imustgonow。 7。hesaid,icandohomeworkmyselfnow。 8。hesaid,thehousewasbuiltin1965。 9。whywasjennylateforschool?mrbakerwantedtoknow。 10。theysaid,willyouvisitthemuseumtomorrow?turnthefollowingintodirectspeech。 11。isaidthatiwouldtrymybest。 12。hewondered(asked)howlongittooktodothework。 13。bobaskedjohnwhetherhehadseenhiswallet。 14。hisauntsaidthatshehadgottherefivedaysbefore。 15。iaskedtomwhyhehadnottoldherthetruth。 suggestedanswers: 1。hetoldmethathehadbrokenmycdplayer。 2。heaskedmeifiwassureihadn’tdoneanythingtothat。 3。mothertoldmethatafriendinneedisafriendindeed。 4。tomsaidthathehadboughtabookforhisbrotherthedaybefore。 5。hesaidthathewouldmeetherathisoffice。 6。theteachersaidhehadtogomustgothen。 7。hesaidthathecoulddohomeworkhimselfthen。 8。hesaidthatthehousewasbuiltin1965。 9。mrbakerwantedtoknowwhyjennyhadbeenlateforschool。 10。theyaskedifwewouldvisitthemuseumthenextday。 11。isaid,i’lltrymybest。 12。heasked,howlongdoesittaketodothework? 13。bobaskedjohn,haveyouseenmywallet? 14。hisauntsaid,igotherefivedaysago。 15。whydidn’tyoutellherthetruth?iaskedtom。 t:youdidaverygoodjob。today,we’llgoontostudyindirectanddirectspeech。butfirstly,weshouldlearntotellrequestsfromcommands。inenglish,givingcommandsislesspolitethanmakingarequest。somostoftime,commandsaremadebythosepeoplewhoarebosses,teachers,leaders,officers,orsomeotheronewhohasauthority。nowwouldyoupleasetellwhichofthemarecommands? (showthemaslide) 1。closethedoor! 2。wouldyoupleasehelpmecarrythecase? 3。getmesomethingtodrink。 4。couldyoulendme100yuan? 5。pleaseturnoffthelights。 6。don’tsmokehere。 7。willyoucleantheblackboard? 8。cleanthetableplease。 s:1,3,6arecommands,andothersarerequests。 t:that’sright。sowecandrawaconclusion: sentencepatternforcommands:do。。。donotdo。。。 sentencepatternforrequests:do。。。please。canyoudo。。。?couldyoudo。。。?willyoudo。。。?wouldyoudo。。。? thenifwewanttochangethemintoindirectspeech,weshoulddolikethis: commands:sb。toldorderedsb。(not)todosth。 requests:sb。askedsb。else(not)todosth。 accordingtotheserules,let’sdosomepractice。 1。changethesesentencesintoindirectspeech。 hesaidtome,don’tsmokeinthisroom。 hesaidtome,pleasedon’tsmokeinthisroom。 hesaidtome,couldyoupleasehelpmewithmywork? suggestedanswers: hetoldmenottosmokeinthatroom。 heaskedmenottosmokeinthatroom。 heaskedmetohelphimwithhiswork。 2。changethefollowingsentencesintodirectspeech。 thelandladyaskedhimtoputhiscoatinthecloset。 theyoungfathertoldhischildrennottomove。 mothertoldmetolockthedooraftermidnight。 suggestedanswers: putyourcoatintheclosetplease,thelandladysaidtohim。 theyoungfathersaidtohischildren,don’tmove。 mothersaid,lockthedooraftermidnight。 3。(theteachershowthescreen) don’tsdos comeintolabwithout。。。 touchanythinglab smoke putanythingbasin talksoloudly leavebookslabwatchteachercarefully dipfingermixture suckfinger writeanswerblackboard tidylabexperiment puteverythingcupboards t:lookatthescreen。let’spractisecommandsandrequestsinpairs。youmaynoticeontheleft,undertheworddon’ts,therearethreeorders,underthemtherearethreeorders,underthemtherearethreerequests。ontheright,undertheworddos,therearethreeorders,underthemtherearethererequests。firstwearegoingtopractisethecommands。icangiveyouanexample。lookatthesixorders。indirectspeech,icansaywatchtheteachercarefully。don’tcomeintothelabwithoutateacher。inreportedorder。icansayshetoldustowatchtheteachercarefully。shetoldusnottocomeintothelabwithoutateacher。afteryoupractisetheorders,youmaypractisetherequests。areyouclear?nowlet’sbegin。(givestudentsseveralminutestopractisethem,thenteachermaycheck) suggestedanswers: directspeech: 1。don’tcomeintothelabwithoutateacher。 2。don’ttouchanythinginthelab。 3。don’tsmoke。 4。watchtheteachercarefully。 5。dipyourfingersintothemixture。 6。suckyourfingers。 7。willyoupleasenotputanythinginthebasin? 8。don’ttalktooloudly,please。 9。don’tleavethebooksinthelab,please。 10。writeyouranswersontheblackboard,please。 11。couldyoupleasetidythelabaftertheexperiment? 12。puteverythinginthecupboardsplease。 indirectspeech: 1。hetoldusnottocomeintothelabwithoutateacher。 2。hetoldusnottotouchanythinginthelab。 3。hetoldusnottosmoke。 4。hetoldustowatchtheteachercarefully。 5。hetoldustodipourfingersintothemixture。 6。hetoldustosuckourfingers。 7。heaskedusnottoputanythinginthebasin。 8。heaskedusnottotalksoloudly。 9。heaskedusnottoleavethebooksinthelab。 10。heaskedustowriteouranswersontheblackboard。 11。heaskedustotidythelabaftertheexperiment。 12。hetoldustoputeverythinginthecupboards。 4。nowlet’susethesepatternstomakeupsomedialogues。pleaseturntotheexerciseonp13。 suggesteddialogues: (1)a:excuseme,couldyoupleaseclosethedoor?it’ssowindy。 b:ofcourse。 (2)a:excuseme,pleasemakesomeroomforme。ihavetogetoffthetrainnow。 b:sure。 (3)a:lookout!abearisapproachingyou! b:help!i’msoscared! a:don’tmove!keepcalm。abearwon’tattacksomeonewhoisnottooffendit。 step3reading t:asweallknow,chinaisaverybigcountrywheredifferentdialectsarespoken。canyoulistsomeofthem? s:guangdongdialect,shanghaidialect,sichuandialect。。。 t:isthereanybodywhocanspeakadialectfromotherplace? s:(somestudentsactitout) t:thankyou!doyouthinkthatitiseasyforpeopletofollowthosespeakingdifferentdialect? s:no。somedialectsarereallydifficulttounderstand。 t:thenhowcanwesolvethisproblem? s:wecancommunicateinputonghua。 t:yes。thedifferencebetweenchinesedialectsaresobigthatit’sreallyhardforpeopletocommunicateinit。sonowmoststudentsaretaughtinschoolinputonghua。thendoyouthinkthatitisthesamecasewiththeus? s:ithinkso。 t:whatisitthatmakesyouthinkso? s:ithinkthattheusisabigcountryjustlikechina。besides,itisacountryinwhichmanypeoplearefromdifferentplaces。soithinkthatpeoplemayspeakdialects。 t:let’strytofinditoutwhetheritisthecase。nowreaditfastandthenanswerthesequestions。 1。istherethesamecase?canyoulistsomeexamples? 2。whyaretheresomanydialectsintheus? 3。whatisthestandardenglish? 4。doyouthinkthere’sthestandardenglish? 5。canyoutellaninterestingorfunnystorythatshowsgreatdifferencebetweendialectsinchinese? suggestedanswers: 1。yes。ithasmanydialects,suchasmidwestern,southern,africanamericanandspanishdialects。 2。becausepeoplehavecomefromallovertheworld。geographyalsoplaysapartinmakingdialects。 3。itisbelievedtobetheenglishspokenontvandtheradio。 4。no。 5。keysorkiss? onefriendofminewasgivinganenglishlessontoaclassofadultswhohadrecentlycometoliveintheunitedstates。afterplacingquiteanumberofeverydayobjectsonatableheaskedvariousmembersoftheclasstogivehimtheruler,thebook,thepenandsoon。theclasswentverysmoothly,andthestudentsseemedinterestedandseriousabouttheworkthattheywereengagedinuntilmyfriendturnedtoanitalianandsaid,givemethekeys。themanlookedsurprisedandsomewhatataloss(有点手足无措)。 seeingthis,myfriendthoughtthatthestudenthadn’theardhimclearly,soherepeated,givemethekeys。theitalianshruggedhisshoulders。then,hethrewhisarmsaroundtheteacher’sneckandkissedhimonbothcheeks。 step4summary t:todaywehavelearntsomepatternswhichexpresscommandsorrequests。andwehavedealtwiththereversalofthesentencepatterns。afterreadingthepassage,wehaveknownthatamericanenglishhasdifferentdialects。thoughthereisnostandardenglish,weshouldlearntopronouncetheenglishwordscorrectly。 step5homework t:today’shomeworkistorecitewordsandphrasesandmakeadialogueusingsentencepatternsofexpressingcommandsandrequests。 板书设计 unit2englisharoundtheworld thethirdperiod commandsrequest direct speechdo。。。 donotdo。。。do。。。please willyoudo。。。? wouldyoudo。。。? canyoudo。。。? couldyoudo。。。? indirect speechsb。toldorderedsb。todo。。。 sb。toldorderedsb。nottodo。。。sb。askedsb。todonottodo。。。 活动与探究 1。oneaimofthisactivityistogivestudentsachancetopracticethesentencepatternsinpractice。sostudentsarerequestedtomakearesearchofthesituationsinwhichrequestsandcommandsareused。theotheraimistomakeresearchondialectsinchina。theyareaskedtolookintowhichdialectisthemostpopularinchinaandwhatcausesthissituation。 2。将下列对话改成间接引语 thefollowingdialogueisanexcerptfrommarktwain’sthemillionpoundbanknote。 henryfoundthattherewasamillionpoundnoteintheenvelope。hethoughtthetwobrothershadmadeamistake。hehurriedtotheirhouseandrangthebell。theservantappeared。henryaskedforthebrothers。 servant:theyaregone。 henry:where? servant:tothecontinent。 henry:thecontinent? servant:yes,sir。 henry:whenwilltheybeback? servant:inamonth,theysaid。 henry:amonth!tellmehowtogetwordtothem。it’sofgreatimportance。 servant:ican’t,indeed。i’venoideawherethey’vegone。 henry:thenimustseesomememberofthefamily。 servant:familyisaway,tooinegyptandindia,ithink。 henry:there’sbeenanimmensemistakemade。they’llbebackbeforenight。tellthemi’vebeenhere,andthati’llkeepcomingtillit’sallright,andtheyneedn’tworry。 servant:i’lltellthem,iftheycomeback,buti’mnotexpectingthem。theysaidyou’dbehereinanhourtomakeinquiries,butimusttellyouit’sallright,they’llbehereontimetomeetyou。 备课资料 englishteachingintheusa theunitedstatesofamericaismainlyanenglishspeakingcountry。themajorityofthepopulationspeakenglishastheirnativelanguage。business,education,socialactivities,etc。areconductedinenglish。acrossthecountry,peoplepronouncemanyenglishwordsinseveraldifferentways,butforthemostpart,americansspeakonecommonlanguage。thislanguageissometimescalledamericanenglish。 howevernoteveryoneintheu。s。a。isanativespeakerofenglish。mostimmigrants(移民)arespeakersofotherlanguages。therearehundredsofcommunities(社区)aroundtheu。s。a。whereenglishisnotthemostcommonlyusedlanguage。chinese,italian,german,greek,spanish,andfrenchareallspokeninvariouscommunitiesintheu。s。spanishisthesecondmostcommonlyspokenlanguageafterenglish。itiswidelyspokeninnewyorkandacrossthesouthernpartofthecountry。forspeakersofotherlanguages,learningenglishisimportant,butteachingpeopletospeakenglishasasecondlanguagewasgivenlittleattention。nonenglishspeakerswereexpectedtopickupthelanguagebymeetingwithothersinpublic。recently,thishaschanged。 today,mostlargepublicschoolsandcommunitycollegeshaveesl(englishasasecondlanguage)programs:americanenglishteachersfeelthatenglishstudentsshouldlearnthelanguagethewaytheywilluseit。therefore,eslprogramsofferdifferentenglishlessonstodifferentstudents。someprogramsteachstudentstocommunicateinenglishinpublic。otherprogramsteachthekindofenglishpeoplewillneedfortheirjobs。americaneslinstructionalmethodsdonotlayemphasis(强调)ongrammarortranslation,butontheimportanceofcommunication。thegoalistogettheenglishlearnerstolearnbyusingthelanguage。 multiplechoices: 1。peopleintheunitedstates。 a。areallnativespeakersofenglish b。speakenglishinvariousways c。allspeakamericanenglish d。areimmigrantsfromenglishspeakingcountries 2。inthepastthenonenglishimmigrants。 a。didn’tknowhowtolearnenglish b。foundthatenglishwasnotimportant c。learnedenglishthroughbooks d。paidspecialattentiontoteachingenglish 3。isthemostwidelyusedlanguageexceptenglishintheu。s。 a。eslb。frenchc。spanishd。chinese 4。thephrasepickupinthesecondparagraphmeans。 a。trytomasterb。repeatagainandagain c。gotoschoolsometimesd。learnwithoutstudyingortakinglessons 5。eslprogramsteachthestudents。 a。onlygrammaticalrulesandidioms b。touseenglishthroughpractice c。differentlanguages d。tolearnenglishbytranslatingtheirownnativelanguagesintoenglish answers:1。b2。a3。c4。d5。b wordsandidioms tobreakyourneck美国人在讲话和写文章的时候经常用一些和人体各部分有关系的成语或俗语。本文介绍的两个习惯用语就是和脖子(neck)有关的。在美国英语里有一些习惯用语都和neck这个词有联系,但是它们的意思却各不相同。例如tobreakyourneck,它的意思并不是指你的脖子真的断了,而是尽一切力量努力去做某件事的意思。 iwishsamwouldstudyharder,becauseiambreakingmynecktoscrapeupthemoneytokeephimincollege。我希望萨姆念书再用功一些,因为我一直在想尽办法凑足钱好让他继续念大学。 美国人的生活是很紧张的,节奏很快,人人感到压力很大。可是,下面这个例子说的是那个修电视机的工人当天运气比较好,碰到了一个好顾客。这位顾客对他说: youdon’thavetobreakyourneckfixingthistvset:ireallydon’tneeditnextweek。你不必赶紧修这个电视机,我下星期并不需要它。 tostickyourneckout有时把脖子伸得太长是很危险的。中国话里有枪打出头鸟的说法,在英文里就是tostickyourneckout。据说,tostickyourneckout这个说法是用来形容乌龟的处境的。当乌龟的头缩在乌龟壳里的时候,一切都很安全。可是,一旦它们把头伸出来,那可就危险了。现在,tostickyourneckout已经成为美国人在日常生活中常用的表达形式了,它的意思是不顾一切地硬来、担风险。 ithinkmybossisdeadwrongabouthiringhissoninlaw,buti’mnotgoingtostickmyneckoutandtellhim!我认为我的老板雇用他的女婿是绝对错误的,但是我才不去冒那风险告诉他呢! 可是,不怕担风险的人还是有的。下面这个人就是在称赞他们州的国会议员: iadmireourcongressmanhe’sonepoliticianwho’snotafraidtostickhisneckoutandsaywhathereallythinks,evenifitcostshimsomevotes。我很钦佩我们的国会议员。他是一个敢于冒风险说自己心里话的政治家,即使那样做会使他失去一些选票。