【已领】Psychologistsexaminewhycry

　　标题：Psychologistsexaminewhycryingdoesandsometimesdoesnotalleviatebadmoods
　　source：SPRINGERSELECT
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　　Yes，agoodcryindeedmightgoalongwaytomakeyoufeelbetter，saysAsmirGraaninoftheUniversityofTilburgintheNetherlands，leadauthorofastudyinSpringer’sjournalMotivationandEmotion。ThesefindingswereestablishedafteraresearchteamvideotapedagroupofparticipantswhilewatchingtheemotionallychargedfilmsLavitabellaandHachi：ADog’sTale。Afterwards，theparticipantswereaskedafewtimestoreflectonhowtheyfelt。
　　Althoughhumansaretheonlyspeciesabletoshedemotionaltears，littleisknownaboutthefunctionofcrying。Whilesomeresearchersseeitasacryforsupport，comfortorhelp，othersbelievethemainroleofcryingistorelieveemotions。Differenttypesofstudiesfocusingonthelatter，however，provideconflictingresults。Retrospectiveselfreportstudiessupportclaimsthatcryingprovidesemotionalreliefandultimatelyinfluencessomeone’smoodforthebetter。Incontrast，laboratorystudiesusingemotionalfilmsoftenshowaconsistentdecreaseinmoodimmediatelyafteranemotionalevent。
　　Inanefforttounderstandthesediscrepantresults，Graanin’steamextendedmethodologyusedinpreviouslaboratorystudies。Theyexaminedboththeimmediateandthedelayedeffectofcryingonmoodwithinacontrolledlaboratorysetting。Thetwofilmsshownto60participantsareknowntobetearjerkers。Immediatelyafterwards，the28participantswhocriedandthe32whodidn’tshedatearwereaskedhowtheyfelt。Theyalsohadtoratetheirmoods20and90minuteslater。
　　Asexpected，themoodofthenoncrierswasunchangedandunaffectedimmediatelyafterseeingthefilms。Themoodofthecriers，ontheotherhand，wasdistinctivelylowandeventookadip。Within20minutes，however，theirmoodhadreturnedtothelevelreportedbeforethescreening。Finally，after90minutes，thecriersreportedevenabettermoodthanwasthecasebeforethefilmsstarted。Suchamoodshiftwasnottiedtothenumberoftimesthatapersoncriedduringthefilms。
　　AccordingtoGraanin，it’sthisdipandsubsequentreturnofemotionstopreviouslevelsthatmightmakecriersfeelasiftheyareinamuchbettermoodaftertheyhaveshedsometears。
　　However，itseemsthatcriersevenexperienceageneralmoodincrease，butonlyafteralongerperiodoftime。
　　“Aftertheinitialdeteriorationofmoodfollowingcrying，ittakessometimeforthemoodnotonlytorecoverbutalsotobeliftedabovethelevelsatwhichithadbeenbeforetheemotionalevent，”heexplains。Thispatternisoftenfoundinretrospectivestudieswherepeopleareaskedtoratetheirmoodlevelsafterhavingexperiencedagoodcry。